Bosom buddy called zhī yīn in Chinese, refers to the friend who knows you best.
The ancient story of Bóyá and Zǐqí describes how Chinese define zhī yīn. Long, long ago, Bóyá, who was a master of gǔqín, a Chinese musical instrument met Zǐqí, who was collecting firewood down a mountain. While Bóyá was playing gǔqín, Zǐqí said "I can hear the mountain singing and the water flowing in your music. Zǐqí was only a lumberjack but he could tell what Bóyá wanted to express. When Zǐqí died, Bóyá played his gǔqín for the last time in front of Zǐqí's tomb.
Afterwards, people used the quote about high mountains and flowing water to describe friends who understand and appreciate each other. If someone in China says that you are his or her zhī yīn, it means you are his or her best friend.