12/16 TOP OF THE DAY 奥密克戎全球影响/薄太后南陵文物出土/上海机器人救生员

NEWS ON 12/16
1. OMICRON VARIANT REPORTED IN 77 COUNTRIES AND REGIONS
全球蔓延！奥密克戎已波及77个国家与地区
2. RELICS FOUND IN TOMB OF HAN DYNASTY EMPRESS DOWAGER BO
薄太后南陵出土，考古学家发现百件陪葬金银器
3. REMOTE CONTROLLED RESCUE ROBOTS IN SERVICE
“智能”守护者！遥控机器人将加入水上救援行动

-----------------记得点亮右下角的爱心哦-----------------
1. OMICRON VARIANT REPORTED IN 77 COUNTRIES AND REGIONS
全球蔓延！奥密克戎已波及77个国家与地区

The World Health Organization yesterday said that the Omicron variant of the coronavirus has been reported in 77 countries and regions. Lei Shuran has more.
世卫组织昨天（12月14日）确认，目前全球已有77个国家和地区报告了奥密克戎毒株感染病例。

The WHO chief said that Omicron was spreading at an unprecedented rate and was likely already present in most countries around the world. He also said that even if omicron does cause less severe symptoms, the sheer number of cases could once again overwhelm unprepared health systems. He believes that vaccines alone will not be enough to stop the pandemic, and that mask use, social distancing, ventilation【通风】, and hand hygiene should be prioritized.
世卫组织总干事谭德塞表示，奥密克戎的传播速度之快，是在之前任何变异毒株中都不曾见到的。他同时警告道，即使奥密克戎引起的病症不那么严重，庞大的病例数量仍可能再次使卫生系统不堪重负。并且他还表示，单纯的疫苗注射是无法阻止疫情的，必须还要加强口罩使用，社交距离，室内通风以及手部清洁等措施。

In the United States, the total number of cases exceeded 50 million yesterday, on the same day, the death toll from COVID-19 surpassed 800,000. 100,000 of those fatalities occurred in the last 74 days. In the UK, British lawmakers voted yesterday to approve new restrictions to slow the spread of the omicron variant, but Prime Minister Boris Johnson faced a major revolt by lawmakers in his own Conservative party who are opposed to the regulations.
在美国，新冠疫情累计确诊人数在昨天（12月14日）已经超过了五千万人，累计死亡人数则已经超过了八十万人，其中，有十万名患者是在最近的74天内去世的。而在英国，议会昨天通过了投票，将会出台新的限制措施来减缓奥密克戎的传播速度，但首相鲍里斯·约翰逊却受到了来自自己保守党同僚的反对，他们并不同意限制措施的施行。

The UK Health Secretary said yesterday that now that there is community transmission【传播】of Omicron in the UK, the country’s ’travel red list’ is now less effective in slowing the incursion of Omicron from abroad. So all 11 countries will be removed from the UK’s travel red list from today. 
英国卫生大臣昨日表示，奥密克戎在英国已经进入了社区传播的阶段，现在，通过旅行禁令来减缓奥密克戎进入英国国内的做法较之前成效将更为微小，因此，所有在英国旅行禁令上的11个国家都将于今日（12月15日）被移除出名单。

According to a large-scale analysis in South Africa released yesterday, unlike Delta variant infections a two-dose Pfizer vaccination provides only 33 percent protection against Omicron, and 70 percent effective at preventing hospitalizations.
南非发布的一项大规模分析调查表示，不同于德尔塔变种，两针剂的辉瑞疫苗只能为抗击奥密克戎变种提供33%的保护，并在防止病人需要住院治疗上，提供70%的有效率。

Shirley, Collie
Chief, Health Analytics Actuary at Discovery Health
雪莉·科莉 "发现健康"公司首席健康分析师
In other words, our fully vaccinated Pfizer clients were 93% less likely to be admitted to hospital for COVID-19 when Delta was circulating.　
在德尔塔快速传播的时候，我们完成接种辉瑞疫苗的客户，因新冠肺炎住院的可能性降低了。

Pfizer also said that its experimental pill to treat COVID-19 appears effective against the omicron variant. The drug reduces combined hospitalizations and deaths by about 89 percent among high-risk adults when taken shortly after the initial presentation of COVID-19 symptoms.
辉瑞公司还表示，他们开发治疗新冠疫情的实验性药物似乎对奥密克戎变种有效。疾病高风险群体如果在最初出现新冠症状后不久就服用该药物，住院和死亡率可以降低约89%。


2. RELICS FOUND IN TOMB OF HAN DYNASTY EMPRESS DOWAGER BO
薄太后南陵出土，考古学家发现百件陪葬金银器

Archaeologists have unearthed【发掘】hundreds of gold and silver ornaments from the grave of Empress Dowager Bo, mother of Emperor Wen, in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province. The discoveries were announced after a tomb was confirmed as that of Emperor Wen. Zhang Yue has the details.
陕西西安，在考古学家们认定"江村大墓"为汉文帝霸陵后，他们又在不远处汉文帝母亲的陵墓，即薄太后南陵中出土了上百件金、银制品。

The tomb of Empress Dowager Bo is about 2,000 meters north of Emperor Wen’s tomb in Jiangcun Village, Xi’an. Ceramic jars and iron cauldrons, as well as over 160 dressed pottery figurines have been unearthed. Archaeologists have also found more than 200 pieces of gold, silver and bronze pieces at the site.
薄太后南陵北距"江村大墓"约2000米，考古人员在其中出土铜印、封泥多枚，并清理了160多件塑衣彩绘陶俑等文物，发掘出200余件精美的金、银、铜器。

Zhu Chenlu
Assistant Researcher, Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology
朱晨露 陕西省考古研究院助理研究员
The gold pieces are 95 percent to 97 percent pure gold. The excavation【挖掘】of so many exotic pieces indicate frequent exchanges among different ethnic groups in the early Han dynasty.
金器的含金量可以达到百分之九十五以上，有些甚至能够达到百分之九十七，出土这么多异域文化风格的金器，也表明了汉初农牧民族之间文化交流的情况。

In the northwestern portion of Empress Dowager Bo’s tomb, archaeologists excavated 39 smaller tombs around it. They contained remains of various animal species including golden monkeys, red-crowned cranes and sea turtles.
在南陵西北处，考古人员发掘39座小型外藏坑，里面的动物遗骸种类繁多，其中包括金丝猴、丹顶鹤、海龟等等。

Ma Yongying
Head of Archaeological Team
马永赢 陕西省考古研究院汉陵考古队队长
A small area was used for Empress Dowager Bo’s burial pits, with the majority of burial objects being wild animal remains. This is unique from what we have seen so far in our discovery of the emperor’s tombs in Xi’an.
专门给她（薄太后）规划了一片小型的陪葬坑，陪葬的绝大部分都是野生动物。至少从目前看，咱们整个对西安帝陵的考古勘查勘探来看，没有这样的情况，这是唯一的。

Archaeologists have described the variety of burial objects as linked to the filial piety of Emperor Wen. According to historical records, Emperor Han would taste medicine himself before it was given to his mother.
考古人员介绍，薄太后陪葬坑里的陪葬品种类丰富，这和汉文帝对薄太后极为孝顺有着密切关系。史料记载，薄太后生病时，汉文帝每次他都会为母亲"亲尝汤药"。


3. REMOTE CONTROLLED RESCUE ROBOTS IN SERVICE
“智能”守护者！遥控机器人将加入水上救援行动

Shanghai border and port police are using two new devices that they say could help them save lives on the Huangpu River. Reporter Zhang Yue finds out more.
上海边防和港航警察现在开始使用两种新设备来帮助他们在黄浦江上进行搜救行动。

No need to jump into water for rescue operations from now on. Simply throw the remote controlled water rescue drone into the river, and guide it to the victim from onboard a ship, or on land. This model carries first aid supplies and extra floatation【漂浮】devices, and can tow loads of over 250 kilograms, its battery can power the device for 40 minutes on a single charge.
从现在开始，救援人员们不再需要跳入水中才能进行救援了，他们只要在船上或是岸边将水上救生遥控机器人置入水中即可。这个机器人携带着急救和漂浮救生用品，并可拖动超过250公斤的物品，它的电池在一次充电后可提供近40分钟的动力。

Shu Jiayi
Police Officer, Border & Port Division, SH Public Security Bureau
束嘉毅 边防港航公安分局水上巡逻支队中队长
In areas where rescue boats and police officers can’t get through such as narrow tunnels and shallows, it is much more efficient to use robotic rescue buoys. It can be guided to reach a drowning victim quickly and accurately.
在一些浅滩和狭窄隧道，救援船只和民警无法到达的场景下，使用遥控救生圈就能迅速到达落水人员的位置。

Another water rescue drone is also being added to rescue operations, this smaller design can travel at a maximum speed of 38 kilometers per hour and tow up to four people at once.
同时，还有一架水上救援无人机也将加入到救援行动中，它较小的设计可以使得其在同时拖动四个人的情况下，以最快每小时38公里的速度行驶。

The average speed of water rescuers on the river is around two meters per second, even slower in extreme conditions when the waves are bigger. The border and port police say it takes them at least half an hour to complete one rescue. 
水上救援人员在水中的平均速度约为每秒2米，在波浪较大的极端情况下甚至可能会更慢。边防和港航警察表示，他们一般至少需要半个小时才能完成一次救援。

The design of this robotic lifeguard makes it nearly impossible to capsize, which makes ideal for use in even the most extreme weather conditions, it is even capable of assisting in flood rescue work.
这种机器人救生员的设计使得其几乎不可能会出现侧翻的情况，因此非常适合在最极端的天气条件下使用，同时，它甚至还能够协助抗洪救援工作。

Shu Jiayi
Police Officer, Border & Port Division, SH Public Security Bureau
束嘉毅 边防公安分局水上巡逻支队中队长
Most of our life saving equipment needs to be thrown to a drowning victim by a rescuer, or the rescuer has to get into the water and be in direct physical contact with them. With the help of this robotic equipment, we can stay on board in many cases, which keeps our rescue staff safe.
以往用的是传统救生设备，都是需要人去操作的，比如说救生圈救生杆，都是需要人去抛投。对于民警来说，是直接的一对一和落水者接触，现在的话，是直接变成间接，也是保障了我们民警自身的一个安全。

Shu added that around 40 rescue missions are being carried out each year, and that the new devices will be used on regular patrolling. Border and Port Police are currently being trained on how to operate the two new devices proficiently. The robotic lifeguards will be used mainly in main water area on the Bund, Yangpu District and Xuhui District.
束嘉毅还表示，他们每年大约会执行40次救援任务。新设备正式投入使用后，将被用于常规巡逻行动中。目前，边防和港航警察正在接受培训，学习如何熟练操作这两种新设备。之后，机器人救生员将主要用于外滩、杨浦区和徐汇区的主要水域。


#热词加油站
ventilation [ˌvent(ə)lˈeɪʃ(ə)n]【通风】
transmission [trænzˈmɪʃ(ə)n]【传播】
unearth [ʌnˈɜrθ]【发掘】
excavation [ˌekskəˈveɪʃ(ə)n]【挖掘】
floatation [floʊ'teɪʃən]【漂浮】

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