Susan三叶草 2021年12月9日 上午6:26

Misaligned incentives are pervasive. For example, America is unable to change its Social Security, Medicare, and other entitlement programs. despite the fact that everyone agrees that these programs are driving the country over a precipitous cliff toward bankruptcy. Why? Members of the House of Representatives stand for reelection every two years.These representatives,rightly or wrongly,are convinced that if America is to be saved,they personally need to be reelected in order to lead that effort.
It is broadly known how to solve these problems.But no members of the House will pull these solutions out of their bags,to“sell” them to their customer, the voters.The reason is that there are so many people who benefit from the entitlements that they will vote out of office anyone who pulls the solution out of his or her bag.Despite the fact that senior statesmen (who are retired and no longer need to stand for reelection) are sitting right next to the members and,over and over, urge the current representatives to pull the solutions out of their bags, the elected officials simply cannot do it. Somebody ought to organize a conference in Maui where SonoSite's salespeople, Unilever's HPLs, and members of Congress cancommiserate with each other about the tug-of-war between what they're being told are their priorities and what they are actually being encouraged to do.
It's not an easy game to win.
错位激励无处不在。例如，美国无法改变其社会保障、医疗保险和其他的权利——事实上，尽管每个人都认同这些项目正把国家推向破产的悬崖。为什么呢？众议院议员每两年竞选一次连任。这些代表，不管是对是错，都坚信如果要拯救美国，他们个人需要再次当选，才能继续领导美国。其实大家都知道怎样解决这些问题。但是众议院没有议员会把这些解决方案从他们的包里拿出来，“卖给”他们的客户，也就是选民。原因是有太多的人从中受益，他们会投票罢免任何从他或她的包里拿出解决方案的人。尽管资深政治家(他们已经退休，不再需要竞选连任)就坐在议员旁边，一遍又一遍地敦促现任代表拿出解决方案，但民选官员根本做不到。应该有人在毛伊岛组织一次会议，在会上，索诺声的销售人员、联合利华的HPL和国会议员可以互相互吐苦水，因为他们被告知的是他们的优先事项，而实际上他们被鼓励去做的是另外的事情。
赢得比赛并不容易。