1.presumptuous
[prɪ'zʌmptʃuəs] a. 专横的,自以为是的
[例] I dislike that presumptuous young man. 我不喜欢那个自以为是的年轻人。
2.squeeze
[skwiːz] v. ①压榨②挤③压迫 n. ①压榨②拥挤
[考] squeeze into(使)挤进
[例] Kara squeezed the bottle, and the water rushed out. 卡拉挤压着那个瓶子,水一下子喷了出来。
3.authority
[ɔː'θɒrəti] n. ①权力,威信,权威②权威者③ [pl.] 当局,官方
[记] author(创造者)+ -ity(名词后缀)→权威,专家
[考] academic authority 学术权威
authority on ……方面的权威
in authority 当权
[例] Both the authorities and the media wondered whether insider dealing had been going on. 官方跟媒体都想知道是不是存在内幕交易。
[根] authorize/-ise vt. 授权,批准
4.generous
['dʒenərəs] a. ①慷慨的,大方的②宽宏大量的③丰富的
[记] -gener-(产生)+ -ous(……的)→能(不断)产生的→丰富的
[考] be generous to 对……慷慨,大方
be generous with 不吝惜……
[例] She was always very generous in her charity. 她行善时总是很慷慨。
[根] generosity n. 慷慨,大方
5.trait
[treɪt] n. ①特性,特征,特点②品质
[例] Aggression is by no means a male-only trait. 好斗绝非是男性才具有的特征。
6.virtue
['vɜːtʃuː] n. ①美德,德行②优点,长处
[考] by/in virtue of 凭借,依靠;由于,因为
[例] He said his plan had the virtue of being the easiest to implement. 他说他的计划的优点是最容易实现。
7.moral
['mɒrəl] a. 道德(上)的,道义的 n. ①寓意② [pl.] 道德
[考] business morals 商业道德
moral education 思想品德教育
[例] Moral as well as financial support was what the West should provide. 西方国家应该提供道义支持和经济援助。
8.merit
['merɪt] n. ①优点,价值②功绩 v. 值得,应得
[例] The case does not merit further investigation. 这个案子不值得进一步调查。
9.patriotic
[ pætri'ɒtɪk] a. 爱国的
[记] patriot(爱国者)+ -ic(……的)→爱国的
[例] A tablet commemorates his patriotic activities. 碑文铭记着他的爱国行动。
10.leadership
['liːdəʃɪp] n. 领导能力
[记] leader(领导)+ -ship(表身份、技能或状 态)→领导能力
[例] The ability to work collaboratively is a true test of leadership. 与人合作的能力是对领导能力的一种真正检验。
11.lead
[liːd] v. ①领导,引导②领先,占首位③导致,引起④过(某种生活)
[考] lead to 导致,造成(后果)
12.mislead
[ mɪs'liːd] vt. 误导
[记] mis-(错误)+ lead(引导)→错误地引导→误导
[考] mislead sb. about/over sth. 在某方面误导某人
mislead...into doing 使……误入歧途
[例] A description about a product should not mislead the customers. 产品的说明书不能误导顾客。
13.guidance
['ɡaɪdns] n. 引导,指导
[记] guide(指导,引导)+ -ance(名词后缀)→引导,指导
[考] under sb.’s expert guidance 在某人的专业指导下
[例] Under his guidance, we finished the work smoothly. 在他的指导下,我们顺利地完 成了工作。
14.scholarship
['skɒləʃɪp] n. ①奖学金②学问,学术
[记] scholar(学者)+-ship(表身份、技能或状态)→学问;奖学金
[例] He hopes to have a scholarship, and I hope so, too. 他希望能获得奖学金,我也希望获得。
[近] learning n. 知识,学问
15.hardship
['hɑːdʃɪp] n. 艰难,困苦
[记] hard(艰难的)+-ship(名词后缀,表状态)→艰难,困苦
[例] To be the first to bear hardship and the last to enjoy comfort is our credo. 吃苦在前,享受在后,这就是我们的信条。
16.scrape
[skreɪp] n. ①刮,擦②困境 v. ①刮,擦②勉强通过
[考] scrape into sth. 勉强获得(工作、职位、入学资格等)
scrape through sth. 艰难完成,勉强通过(考试)
[例] We all have had bumps, scrapes and sores.我们都有过坎坷、困境和伤痛。
17.harden
['hɑːdn] vt.&vi.(使)变硬
[记] hard(硬的)+-en(使……)→使变硬
[例] They harden clay by putting it in a fire. 他们把黏土坯放在炉火里使其变硬。
18.ownership
['əʊnəʃɪp] n. 所有权,产权,物主身份
[记] owner(所有者,物主)+-ship(表关系、状态)→所有权,物主身份
[考] private/public ownership 私 / 公有制
[例] The ownership of the house is still unknown.这栋房子的所有权至今无人知道。
19.possess
[pə'zes] vt. 占有,拥有
[例] Different workers possess different skills.不同的工人拥有不同的技能。
[根] possession n. 具有,拥有;[ 常 pl.] 个人财产,私人物品,所有物
20.knowledge
['nɒlɪdʒ] n. ①知识,学问②知道,了解
[考] knowledge about 有关……的知识
beyond sb.’s knowledge 某人不知道的
[例] He is poor in money, but rich in knowledge. 他贫于金钱,但富于学问。
21.profound
[prə'faʊnd] a. ①深刻的,意义深远的②渊博的,造诣深的
[记] pro-(往前,引申为“ 深入”)+ -found-= fund(基础)→在基础上深入→深刻的,深远的
[考] profound effects/insights/books/consequences 深远的影响 / 精辟的见解 / 深奥的书 / 重大后果
[例] Beauty is but superficial while mind is profound. 美貌是肤浅的,而思想是深刻的。
22.acknowledge
[ək'nɒlɪdʒ] vt. ①承认,认为②致谢
[记] ac-(处于……状态)+ knowledge(知道)→处于知道的状态→承认
[考] acknowledge...as... 承认……是……
[近] concede vt. 承认,承认……为真(或正确)
admit v. 承认,供认
23.cognitive
['kɒɡnətɪv] a. 认知的,感知的,认识的
[记] -cogn-(知道)+-itive(有……倾向或性质的)→认识的,认知的
[例] Linguistics is an important branch of cognitive science. 语言学是认知科学的一个重要分支。
24.admission
[əd'mɪʃn] n. ①允许进入,接纳,收容②承认
[记] admiss-=admit(许可进入;承认)+-ion(名词后缀,表动作或状态等)→允许进入;承认
[例] He is a coward by his own admission. 他承认自己是个胆小鬼。
[近] admittance n.(建筑物、机构等的)进入权,进入
25.fame
[feɪm] n. 名声,名誉,名气
[考] win/achieve/gain/secure fame 赢得名声,成名
[例] Fame can be a shortcut to love and money. 有了名誉就容易收获爱情和金钱。
26.reputation
[ repju'teɪʃn] n. 名声,名望,声誉
[记] reput(e)(名声,名望)+ -ation(名词词缀)→名声,名望
[例] He earned a high reputation for his learning. 他在学识方面享有很高的声望。
27.prestige
[pre'stiːʒ] n. 声望,威望,威信
[记] pre-(在……前面)+-stige-=stage(舞台)→在舞台前面→声望,威望
[例] He has high prestige among the masses.他在群众中威信很高。
28.dignity
['dɪɡnəti] n. ①(举止、态度等的)庄严,端庄,威严 ②尊贵,高贵③尊严
[记] -dign-(高贵)+ -ity(名词后缀,表性质)→尊贵,高贵
[考] with dignity 有尊严,不失尊严
[例] The real dignity of a man lies in what he is, not in what he has. 一个人的真正尊严在于他的品格,而非他的财富。
29.diplomatic
[ dɪplə'mætɪk] a. ①外交的,从事外交的②策略的,有手腕的
[考] diplomatic relations/ties 外交关系
[例] His father had been in the diplomatic service. 他的父亲曾在外交部门供职。
30.tactic
['tæktɪk] n. ①策略,手段,招数② [pl.] 战术,兵法
[例] Reducing prices is a common sales tactic. 降价是常用的销售策略。
31.device
[dɪ'vaɪs] n. ①装置,设备②方法,策略
[考] leave sb. to their own devices 对某人不加干涉
[例] They use television advertising as a device for stimulating demand. 他们将电视广告作为刺激需求的一种方法。
32.devise
[dɪ'vaɪz] vt. ①设计②想出③发明④计划,策划
[例] Let us devise how to finish the work. 咱们来计划一下如何完成这项工作。
以上内容来自专辑