用英语谈过去

一、一般过去时。
一般过去时 (did; was/were)
主语+动词过去式
① 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
例：He bought some books yesterday.
他昨天买了一些书。
② 表示过去习惯性动作。
例：When I was a boy，I often swam in that lake.
二、现在完成时。
现在完成时(have/has done)
主语+have\has+动词过去分词
① 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成，强调对现在产生的影响或者与现在有联系。
0、I bought a new pet dog, but I haven't sold my old one， Now I have two dogs.
我买了一只新的宠物狗，但是还没有卖掉旧的，所以现在我有两只狗。
1. She still has not finished her homework.
2. He still has not arrived.
3. He still hasn't found his lost calculator.
4. I have worked here since the last year.
5. I have lived here since 1998.
6. She has not bought any new clothes for 10 years.
7.I have just arrived here.
8. Have you ever been here before?
9. He has already packed his suitcases.
10. Haven't you finished your homework yet?
与副词ever、never连用，谈论个人经历
11. Have you ever swum in a river?
Yes, I have ，many times.
I have ever swum in a river many times.
12. Anyone who has never made a mistake + has never tried anything new.
13. This is the best novel I have ever read.
14. This is the most important match they have ever played.
15. I have been very busy today. Today is not over for me.
16. He has only written me two emails this month. I guess he will write to me the last few days of this month.
三、现在完成进行时。
主语+Have (has) been+现在分词
用法：现在完成进行时是现在完成时和进行时的结合，既有现在完成时的特点，也有进行时的特点。
（一）表示一个持续到现在的动作
现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。这个时态多用持续性动词，如live，learn，lie，stay，wait，stand，rest，study等，并常和all this time，this week，this month，all night，all the morning，recently等状语以及since（自从）和for（经历）所引导的短语或状语从句连用（与since和for连用时，动作常会继续下去）。
例1：We've been living on meat for weeks.
几个星期以来我们一直吃肉。（有可能继续，有可能不再继续）
例2：I'm very tired because I've been working all morning.
我很累，干了一上午的活了。（有可能继续，有可能不再继续）
例3. I have been working since eight o'clock this morning.
例4. I have been learning English for 10 years.
（二）表示重复性动作
用现在完成进行时所表示断断续续地重复发生的动作。
例句1：I 've been losing things all the time.
我老是丢东西。
例句2：She has been going to see a doctor recently.
她最近频频去看医生。
例句3：You've been saying for a year that you will buy me a new car.
你说要给我买一辆新车都说了一年了。
（三）表示长时间地做某事
强调目前长时间地做某事时，用现在完成进行时。
例句1：They have been watching television for a long time.
他们已经看了很长时间的电视了。
例句2：I have been looking forward to your gift for a whole year.
我一整年都盼着你的礼物。
（四）现在完成进行时有时带有强烈的表扬或厌恶等感情色彩。
例句1：Too much has been happening today.
今天真是一个多事的日子。
例句2：Car sales have been shrinking recently.
汽车销量近来一直在下降。
例3：I have been wanting to see you for a long time.
想见你是我盼望已经的事了。
例4：She has been cheating the company the time she entered.
她自入职以来一直在欺骗公司。
四、过去进行时。
1. What were you doing in the summer of 1998?
2. What were you doing at six o'clock last night?
3. Was it raining when you left home?
五、过去完成时。
过去完成时(主语+had done)
表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是大家常说的"过去的过去"。
例1：Until Last Saturday , his family hadn't heard from him for six months.
到上星期六那时为止，他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。
例2. I had already met mr. Frog before he came to beijing.
六、过去完成进行时。
过去完成进行时（主语+ had been doing）
表示某一动作一直延续到过去某一时间，是否继续下去，应视上下文而定。