（双语文本）考古学家测试万年前的营火技术

These bones at the Denver Science Museum come from ancient bison.
20,000 years ago, ice age people built fires using bones like these,
from the animals they hunted in cold dry prairies.
They had only grass and twigs from bushes, but no trees.
So campfire wood was scarce.
Their alternative fuel clearly was bone,
because bone ash shows up in many of the archaeological sites that I have worked at.
Now a team of volunteers helps Hoffecker make an Ice Age bone fire, starting with a paleolithic fire drill.

I am not dreaming that it’s gonna happen.

We tried a bone drill.

That’s a lot of work.

So we went to our methods with a Bic lighter.

Volunteers feed the fire not big logs,

but sticks, similar to the twiggy bushes that Ice Age hunters added to their fires.

Then Hoffecker adds the main fuel the bones of a deer carcass cut just hours earlier.

The sizzling sound is mostly that fat burning off which is appearing to be very flammable.

See if we can reach the ignition temperature of a bone which is high.

It’s over 350 degrees centigrade.

It’s much higher than wood.

So it looks like maybe were getting there.

Ice Age hunters used mostly bones,

but when Hoffecker adds more bones, flames turn to smoke.

They saved the fire by going back to sticks.

Some of the bone is burning, yes.

Hoffecker plans to try more bone fires,

to better understand the Ice Age humans who lived in cold dry places 20,000 years ago.

丹佛科学博物馆的这些骨头来自古代野牛。
2万年前，冰河时代的人们用这样的骨头生火，
这些骨头来自他们在寒冷干燥的草原上猎杀的动物
他们只有草和灌木丛里的小树枝，没有树木。
所以，营火用的木材很稀少。
他们的替代燃料显然是骨头，
因为我工作过的很多考古遗址都发现了骨灰。
现在一组志愿者帮助霍夫克制作冰河时代的骨火，从旧石器时代的取火行动开始。
我做梦也没想到真的会成功。
我们试着用骨钻。
要做的工作真多。
所以我们还是用来我们的方法，用比克打火机将其引燃。
志愿者们烧火的材料不是大木头，
而是树枝，类似于冰河时代猎人用来生火的多枝灌木。
然后，霍夫克将主要燃料添加到几小时前切下来的鹿骨头上。
发出的咝咝声主要是脂肪燃烧的声音，看起来非常易燃。
看看我们是否能使其达到骨头的燃点，骨头的燃点很高。
已经超过350摄氏度了。
比木头的燃点高多了。
所以看起来我们正在接近目标。
冰河时代的猎人大多使用骨头，
但是当霍夫克添加更多的骨头时，火焰变成了烟雾。
他们又使用木棍使火恢复正常。
是的，有些骨头在烧。
霍夫克计划尝试更多用骨头生火，
以更好地了解2万年前生活在寒冷干燥地区的冰河时代人类