2018年英语专业四级听力真题 Conversation2

一、试题：

Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.

1. [A] An unreasonable fear.[B] A dangerous event.

[C] A small probability.[D] A risk-assessing ability.

2. [A] One in one million.[B] One in four million.

[C] One in fourteen million.[D] One in forty million.

3. [A] Future events.[B] Catastrophic events.

[C] Small-scale disasters.[D] Smoking hazards.

4. [A] Traveling by air.[B] Riding a bicycle.

[C] Catching bird flu.[D] Smoking cigarettes.

5. [A] They get pleasure from risks.[B] They can control potential risks.

[C] They can assess danger from risks.[D] They have strong needs for risks.

二、原文：

Conversation Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.

W: Hello, and welcome to today's program. I'm Alice.

M: And I'm Jack. Hello.

W: Hello, Jack. You're off on holiday tomorrow, aren't you?

M: I am and you know, and I'm dreading it. I hate flying!

W: Do you? I didn't know you had a phobia— and that means a strong and unreasonable fear of something.

M: Well, I don't think this is a phobia because it isn't unreasonable. Flying thousands of feet up in the sky, you know, that's not safe!

W: Flying is safer than you think, Jack. It's much riskier to drive or cycle to work. And, actually, risk taking is the subject of today's show!

Risk means the chances of something bad happening. For example, did you know that your chance of being knocked off your bicycle and killed during a one-mile journey is the same as your chances of winning the lottery?

M: I didn't know that.

W: Can you guess what are the chances of either of these two things happening?

M: I have no idea. One in a million?

W: No, it's one in 14 million. You are as likely to win the national lottery from a single ticket as you are to be knocked off your bicycle and killed during a one-mile journey.

M: But why are we bad at assessing risk?

W: People typically fear anything which is small probability but it's extremely catastrophic if it were to happen…

Recently we have another increase in these birds' virus outbreaks. People read about that.

And they may pay a lot of attention to that in the news but they may forget to get their flu shot.

M: That's right. We tend to worry about big or catastrophic events such as catching bird flu or dying in a plane crash because we react emotionally to them.

W: Yeah. Catastrophic events feel like very real threats, while we tend to forget about the small but chronic risks that become more likely over time.

M: We do. So for example, what if there was a cigarette that killed you as soon as you smoked it?

Nobody would do that, would they?

W: No, they wouldn't.

M: But plenty of people are happy to smoke for years, and put off worrying about the health risks for the future.

W: Yes, that's a good point, Jack! People feel they are in control of risks that stretch over time. You know, they think, "I could stop tomorrow" or "I could smoke less".

But what about people who really enjoy taking big risks—those thrill seekers out there?

M: People who enjoy extreme sports actually seek out danger—it gives them extreme pleasure!

If the risk is really high, it means that the pleasure needs to be equally high, or hopefully even higher—

W: You're right.

Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.

6. According to Alice, what is a phobia?

7. What are the chances of getting knocked off one's bicycle and killed in a one-mile journey?

8. What kind of event do people tend to worry about?

9. Which may involve a chronic risk?

10. Why do some people enjoy risks?

三、答案：

  Conversation Two

　　6. According to Alice, what is a phobia?

　　答案：A. An unreasonable fear.

　　7. What are the chances of getting knocked off one’s bicycle and killed in a one-mile journey?

　　答案：C. One in fourteen million.

　　8. What kind of event do people tend to worry about?

　　答案：B. Catastrophic events.

　　9. Which may involve a chronic risk?

　　答案：D. Smoking cigarettes.

　　10. Why do some people enjoy risks?

　　答案：A. They get pleasure from risks.