2000年考研练习---阅读理解3

passage 3 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.

第3段 当艺术的新运动达到某种时尚时，最好找出其拥护者的目标，因为，无论他们的原则今天看起来多么牵强和不合理，有可能，在未来几年，他们可能被视为正常。

With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be — even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right — it can hardly be classed as Literature.

然而，关于未来主义诗歌，情况相当困难，无论未来主义诗歌是什么——甚至承认它所依据的理论可能是正确的——它很难被归类为文学。

This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed.

简而言之，这就是未来主义者所说的：一个世纪，过去的生活状况有条件地加速了，直到现在，我们生活在一个嘈杂、暴力和速度的世界里。

Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change.

因此，我们的感情、思想和情绪都发生了相应的变化。

This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression.

未来学家说，这种生命的加速需要一种新的表达方式。

We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress.

如果我们想解释现代的压力，我们也必须加快文学的速度。

We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs.

我们必须倒出一大串基本的话，不受停止，或限定形容词，或有限动词。

Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.

我们必须用模仿它们的语言来写声音，而不是描述声音。我们必须在同一页上使用多种尺寸的字体和不同颜色的墨水，并随时缩短或延长单词。

Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused.

当然，他们对战斗的描述是混乱的。

But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers:"Pluff!

但是，在解释性说明中读到，某条线描述了一名土耳其人和一名保加利亚军官在桥上打架，两人都掉进了河中，然后发现这条线由他们坠落的噪音和八官："普鲁夫！

Pluff!

普鲁夫！

A hundred and eighty-five kilograms."This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature.

一百八十五公斤。这虽然它符合未来主义诗歌的规律和要求，但很难被归为文学。

All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression.

尽管如此，没有思想的人可以拒绝接受他们的第一个命题：我们情感生活的巨大变化需要改变表达。

The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?

整个问题其实是这样的：我们基本上改变了吗？

19.

19.

This passage is mainly a survey of new approaches to art a review of Futurist poetry about merits of the Futurist movement about laws and requirements of literature 20.

这段话主要是对艺术新方法的回顾，回顾未来主义诗歌运动对文学规律和要求的优点的回顾。

When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to determine its purposes ignore its flaws follow the new fashions accept the principles 21.

当一个新的文学思想出现时，人们应该尝试确定其目的忽略其缺陷遵循新时尚接受的原则21。

Futurists claim that we must increase the production of literature use poetry to relieve modern stress develop new modes of expression avoid using adjectives and verbs 22.

未来学家主张，我们必须增加文学的产生，用诗歌来缓解现代压力，发展新的表达方式，避免使用形容词和动词22。

The author believes that Futurist poetry is based on reasonable principles new and acceptable to ordinary people indicative of a basic change in human nature more of a transient phenomenon than literature

作者认为，未来主义诗歌是建立在理性原则基础上的，是普通人所接受的，表明人性的基本变化比文学更具有暂时性。