成吉思汗Kubla Khan

Kubla Khan

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

In Xanadu didKubla Khan
A stately pleasure-dome decree:
Where Alph, the sacred river, ran
Through caverns measureless to man
Down to a sunless sea.

So twice five miles of fertile ground
With walls and towers were girdled round:
And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills,
Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;
And here were forests ancient as the hills,
Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.

But oh! that deep romantic chasm which slanted
Down the green hill athwart a cedarn cover!
A savage place! as holy and enchanted
As e'er beneath a waning moon was haunted
By woman wailing for her demon-lover!
And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething,
As if this earth in fast thick pants were breathing, 

A mighty fountain momently was forced:
Amid whose swift half- intermitted burst
Huge fragments vaulted like rebounding hail,
Or chaffy grain beneath the thresher's flail:
And'mid these dancing rocks at once and ever
It flung up momently the sacred river.
Five miles meandering with a mazy motion
Through wood and dale the sacred river ran,
Then reached the caverns measureless to man,
And sank in tumult to a lifeless ocean:
And 'mid this tumult Kubla heard from far
Ancestral voices prophesying war!

The shadow of the dome of pleasure
Floated midway on the waves;
Where was heard the mingled measure
From the fountain and the caves.
It was a miracle of rare device,
A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice!

A damsel with a dulcimer
In a vision once I saw:
It was an Abyssinian maid,
And on her dulcimer she played,
Singing of Mount Abora.
Could I revive within me
Her symphony and song,
To such a deep delight 'twould win me,
That with music loud and long,
I would build that dome in air,
That sunny dome! those caves of ice!
And all who heard should see them there,
And all should cry, "Beware! Beware!
His flashing eyes, his floating hair!
Weave a circle round him thrice,
And close your eyes with holy dread,
For he on honey-dew hath fed,
And drunk the milk of Paradise."

忽必烈汗

忽必烈汗建立“上都”，
修起富丽的逍遥宫，
那儿有神河阿尔浮
流经深不可测的岩洞，
注入不见太阳的海中。
那儿有十哩方圆的沃土，
城墙、高塔四面围绕，
明媚的花园，曲折的小溪，
丁香、豆蔻芳华四溢，
树林像山丘一样古老，
环抱着阳光灿烂的草地。

但沿着松柏苍苍的山坡，
急转直下，却是悬崖深谷！
一片荒芜！好像施过魔术，
会有女子在下弦月下出没，
为她的恶魔情人哀哭！
深谷里煮沸了一锅骚乱，
仿佛大地在急促地气喘，
一股强大的喷泉不时腾空，
在它一阵阵爆发之中
巨石弹起，如同冰雹，
如同谷粒在连枷之下蹦跳！
在这些石块的狂舞中，
有时神河也高高抛起，
它扭成五哩蜿蜒的迷宫，
它穿过森林和谷地，
到达深不可测的岩洞，
喧哗着沉入死水洋底，
忽必烈汗远远谛听，在喧哗中
听到祖先的声音在预言战争！
奇迹在此汇集，鬼斧神工，
阳光灿烂的宫和冰的岩洞！
我在梦幻中看见
一个操琴的女郎－－
阿比西尼亚姑娘，
她轻轻拨动琴弦，
把阿波拉山吟唱。
啊，但愿我能在心底
把她的乐曲和歌声复制，

那时我就会如醉如痴
我只消用那悠扬的仙乐
就能重建那天宫瑶池，
那阳光灿烂的宫和冰的洞窟！
凡是聆听者都将目睹，
逍遥宫的影子青幽，
在波浪之中漂流，
喷泉与岩洞交响，
构成韵律的重奏。
大家都将高呼：“当心！当心！”
瞧他飘扬的头发，闪亮的眼睛！
我们要围他绕上三圈，
在神圣的恐惧中闭上双眼，
因为他尝过蜜的露水，
饮过乐园里的乳泉。

注释：

（e799bee5baa6e79fa5e98193e4b893e5b19e313332316235391）Xanadu：又作Xamdu，上都，在今内蒙古自治区内。忽必烈汗定都大都（北京）后，上都仍为行宫。
（2）pleasure-dome：逍遥宫，是decree（下令修建）的宾语，dome=stately building.
（3）Alph：诗人梦中的河
（4）twice five miles：十英里。twice five即2*5
（6）blossom'd:blossomed
（7）incense-bearing：开着香花的
（8）enfolding:enclosing：围起
（9）athwart:across
（10）a cedarn cover:松林.cedarn是诗的用语，即cedar,雪松。cover,覆盖物，此处意为wood.弥尔顿曾写过，“And west winds with musky wing/ About the cedarn alleys fling/Nard and cassia's balmy smells"(Comus);丁尼生也曾写过，“The carven cedarn doors”（Arabian Nights）。
（11）savage:sild荒野的
（12）e'er:ever,第15－16行描写经常徘徊在下弦月下哭着等待阴间情人(demon-lover）的女人，增添了这片荒山野地(a savage place)的浪漫奇幻的（romantic,第12行）气氛。
（13）thick pants:频频急促的喘息，指泉水好像是因大地急促呼吸而喷涌出来似的。
（14）a waning moon:下弦月，据迷信说法是不祥的征兆。
（15）A mighty fountain momently was forced:每时每刻都喷出强有力的泉水，momently即every moment.
（16）swift half-intermitted burst:几乎毫不间断的迸发。
（17）'mid:amid,第29行同。these dancing rocks在喷涌的泉水冲激下，岩石看上去也像在跳跃一。
（18）It:是主语the sacred river的重复，即The sacred river it(flung up momently）。
（19）Five miles meandering with a mazy motion：迷宫般蜿延曲折地流淌五英里。此行由于m音多而加强了溪水缓慢流淌的意味。
（20）Kubla heard from far/Ancestral voeces prophesying war：忽必烈汗称帝之前或之后，都战功赫赫，以军事才能闻名于世。
（21）measure:rhythm
（22）damsel:maiden的古用法。自此行起，先后描写了一位操琴的少女和一位迷狂的诗人，虽与忽必烈汗毫无关联，但作为梦境的片断，在浪漫奇幻的情调上与诗的前一部分仍是一致的。
（23）dulcimer:类似于扬琴的一种古乐器。
（24）Abyssinian maid:阿比西尼亚女郎。Abyssinia位于非洲东部，现称Ethiopia（埃塞俄比亚）。
（25）Mount Abora:诗人梦中的山
（26）Could I revive：If I could revive
（27）To such a deep delight' /twould win me:正常的结构是：'twould(=it would)win me to (=bring me)such sa deep delight.
（28）His flashing eyes, his floating hair:眼睛闪光，头发飘扬，如同神灵附体而发狂。相传这是诗人获得灵感时的表现。
（29）Weave a circle round him thrice：巫师或女巫在施法时都以某种方式与3这个神秘的数（mystic number）相联系。在《古舟之咏》中，柯勒律治为制造一神秘气氛曾反复使用过这个数字，如：“And he stopped one of three”（第3行），“And listens like a three years'child”（第15行），“Quoth she ,and whistles thrice”（第198行），“I saw a third-I heard his voice”（第508行）。另外，3的倍数9也是传统上所谓神秘的数，如莎士比亚《麦克白》（I。有）中女巫的话：“Thrice to thine, and thrice to mine,/And thrice again to make up nine。”
（30） the milk of Paradise：天堂的乳汁。据伯拉图《伊安篇》（534 a－b）所说，有灵感的诗人如同酒神的狂女，从诗神（the Muses）的河里汲取乳蜜。

参考资料： http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/474d6258010000th