（带文稿）0222 柑橘树病了？放汪星人嗅一嗅就知道了

张老邪叨哔叨：

        图片下方的“犬”不是用的dog , 而是canine；文中的柑橘树也不是orange tree 你注意到了咩？文中提到的植物疾病 citrus greening 是柑橘属黄龙病，由革兰氏阴性细菌引起的，会导致叶片黄化。细菌随筛管运输至全株，导致树体衰亡，大规模减产，甚至柑橘园荒芜。ε=(´ο｀*)))唉 我真的超爱橘子的啊，一口气可以吃3斤的那种真爱！希望这个新研究成果能世界推广叭~

Detector canine "Bello" works in a citrus orchard in Texas, searching for citrus greening disease, a bacteria that is spread by a tiny insect that feeds on citrus trees. (Gavin Poole/USDA via AP)

Transcript

        New research suggests that dogs might be able to help save diseased citrus trees.

        A group of scientists trained dogs to use their sense of smell to detect a crop disease called citrus greening. The disease has affected orange, lemon and grapefruit trees in the American states of Florida, California and Texas.

        The dogs can detect the disease weeks to years before it appears on tree leaves and roots, the researchers report. A study on their findings was published recently in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

        The report says using dogs is also faster, less costly and more exact than having people collect hundreds of leaves for lab analysis.

        Timothy Gottwald is a researcher with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a co-writer of the study. He told The Associated Press, “This technology is thousands of years old – the dog’s nose. We’ve just trained dogs to hunt new prey: the bacteria that causes a very damaging crop disease.”

        Citrus greening is caused by a bacteria that is spread by a tiny insect that feeds on the leaves and stems of citrus trees. Once a tree is infected, there is no cure.

        The disease has also hurt citrus crops in Central and South America and Asia.

        In one experiment involving grapefruit trees in Texas, trained dogs were correct 95 percent of the time in telling the difference between newly infected trees and healthy ones.

        “The earlier you detect a disease, the better chance you have at stopping an epidemic” by removing infected trees, Gottwald said.

        Matteo Garbelotto studies plants at the University of California, Berkeley. He says the new research shows that dogs can detect an infection well before current methods. Garbelotto has been involved in similar research but had no part in the new study.

        Laura Sims is a plant scientist with Louisiana Tech University. She praised the steps taken to find out if the dogs were detecting the bacteria itself or a plant’s reaction to an infection.

        To do that, the researchers infected different kinds of unrelated plants with the bacteria in a laboratory. The dogs were still able to pick out the infected plants.

        Gottwald said, “You’ve seen dogs working in airports, detecting drugs and explosives. Maybe soon you will see them working on more farms.”

        I’m Jonathan Evans.

Words in This Story

citrus – n. a juicy fruit such as an orange, grapefruit, or lemon that has a thick skin and that comes from a tree or shrub that grows in warm areas

detect – v. to discover or notice the presence of something that is hidden or hard to see, hear, taste, etc.

epidemic – n. an occurrence in which a disease spreads very quickly and affects a large number of people

stem – n. the main stalk of a plant that develops buds and shoots and usually grows above ground