考研英语二晨读2018-08-25

Fund to encourage couples to have 2 babies widely criticized

　“建立生育基金以鼓励生育二胎”的建议引热议

Chinese media and academics lashed out over a recent newspaper article proposing salary deductions for all workers under 40 that would be used to subsidize families with two children in a bid to encourage more births,saying it is"improper and unreasonable."China Central Television on Friday was harshly critical of the proposal put forward by two professors.The CCTV opinion piece said establishing a fertility fund is unreasonable,goes against common sense and exposes the researchers’lack of professionalism.

近日有报道文章建议扣除所有40岁以下的工人部分工资，用于补贴有两个孩子的家庭，以鼓励生育，中国的媒体和学者对此进行了猛烈抨击，称这是“不正当和不合理的”。中国中央电视台周五发表评论文章，严厉批评了这项由两位教授提出的建议，称建立生育基金是不合理的，违背了常识，也暴露了研究人员职业素养的缺失。

The professors made their proposal in an article in the Jiangxi Province-based Xinhua Daily on Tuesday saying the country should immediately remove birth limits as a short-term response to a declining birthrate.The professors propose establishing a fertility fund that would be paid for by citizens under the age of 40 who would have a deduction made from their monthly salary until they have two children.Once they have their second child they could withdraw from the fund and receive an additional subsidy from the government.

两位教授周二在江西省《新华日报》的一篇文章中提出建议，称作为对出生率下降的短期反应，中国应立即取消生育限制。教授们建议设立生育基金，基金来源由40岁以下的公民从他们的月薪中扣除，直到他们生了二胎。一旦他们生育了二胎，他们就可以退出基金并获得政府的额外补贴。

Yi Fuxian,a research fellow at the University of Wisconsin-Madison,told the Global Times that the suggestion will only serve to"lower people’s willingness to have more children,"suggesting people will do the opposite of what they are being pushed to do."The nation should create a fertility-friendly environment for couples to have the willingness to have more children,such as offering child benefits and boosting public services,"said Peng Xizhe,dean of the School of Social Development and Public Policy at Shanghai’s Fudan University,

威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的生育政策研究员易福贤（Yi Fuxian）告诉《环球时报》，这样的提议只会降低人们生育更多孩子的意愿。他表示，人们往往会做出与他们被迫做的相反的事情。上海复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院院长彭希哲说：“国家应该为夫妻创作一个有利于生育的环境，让他们愿意生育更多的孩子，例如提供儿童福利、扩大公共服务等。”

In a bid to encourage more couples to have more children,many local governments have instituted new policies.Ethnic minority farmers and herders in the Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Southwest China’s Sichuan Province are now allowed to seek approval to have a third child.If the couple or one of them is a farmer or herder they can have a third child.The qualified couple can also have 30 more days of maternity leave and 10 more days of paternity leave,the local policy reads,according to news site thepaper.cn.

为了鼓励更多夫妇生育更多孩子，许多地方政府制定了新政策。中国西南部四川省甘孜藏族自治州的少数民族农民和牧民现在可以申请批准生育三胎。如果夫妇双方或者其中一方是农民或者牧民，他们就可以生第三胎。根据新闻网站thepaper.cn的说法，当地政策规定，符合标准的夫妻可以在当前标准之外再享有30天产假和10天陪产假。

1.lash [læʃ]
v. 抨击，批评

2.deduction [dɪ'dʌkʃ(ə)n]
n. 扣除，减除

3.subsidize [ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz]
v. 补贴，资助

4.fertility [fə'tɪlɪtɪ; fɜː'tɪlɪtɪ]
n. 生育，繁殖力

5.professionalism [prə'feʃ(ə)n(ə)lɪz(ə)m]
n.专业水准，职业素养

6.withdraw [wɪð'drɔː]
v. 撤退；收回

7.subsidy ['sʌbsɪdɪ]
n. 补贴；津贴

8.institute ['ɪnstɪtjuːt]
v. 开始，创立，制定

9.ethnic ['eθnɪk]
adj. 种族的

10.autonomous [ɔː'tɒnəməs]
adj. 自治的；自主的；自发的

11.maternity leave
产假

12.paternity leave
陪产假