试听90秒01.25|数学-英文版-拉格朗日：数学史上的明星

不知道你有没有听过拉格朗日呢？他是18世纪非常重要的数学家和天文学家。今天我们就一起了解一下这位伟大的科学家拉格朗日吧。

意大利都灵

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拉格朗日出生于美丽的意大利都灵，十七岁的时候他对数学分析产生了极大的兴趣。拉格朗日在前人的基础上继续深入研究，使分析数学在十八世纪得到迅速发展。

著名物理学家牛顿

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我们都知道呢，数学分析是数学的重要分支，起源于牛顿和莱布尼兹发明的微积分。拉格朗日出版的《分析力学》一书是牛顿力学之后又一经典力学著作，在物理学上有无法替代的地位。

埃菲尔铁塔

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为了纪念塔拉格朗日，人们还把他的名字刻在埃菲尔铁塔上呢，时至今日仍被来自世界的人们瞻仰。如果你有机会去巴黎，一定要去参观一下哦。

每日英语

Daily English

Hello, January 25th is the birthday of Joseph Lagrange. Do you know him? Today Captain Science will introduce one of the greatest mathematicians and astronomers in the 18th century.

Lagrange was born in Turin (都灵), Italy, and the career as a lawyer was planned out for Lagrange by his father when he was young. When Lagrange was 17, he came across a paper by Edmond Halley about infinitesimal calculus (微积分) and threw himself into mathematical studies quickly after that. Mathematical analysis (数学分析) is a branch (分支) of mathematics dealing with limits and related theories.  Based on the infinitesimal calculus invented by Newton (牛顿) and Leibniz (莱布尼茨), Lagrange with other mathematicians further developed analysis in the 18th century. In addition, his students Poisson (泊松) and Fourier (傅里叶) studied partial differential equations and founded the modern field of mathematical analysis.

Lagrange sent his research to Euler, one of the most influential (有影响力的) mathematicians of the time. Euler, seeing his mathematical talent (天赋), was greatly impressed by his work. The king of Prussia invited him to continue his study in Berlin. And Lagrange finally accepted the offer and spent the next 20 years in Prussia, where he produced his monumental work “Analytical mechanics” (《分析力学》). It offered the most comprehensive (可以理解的) treatment of classical mechanics since Newton and formed a foundation for the development of mathematical physics (数学物理) in the 19th century.

Lastly, Lagrange also tried to solve numerous problems in astronomy. By applying analytical mechanics, he explained why one side of the moon always faces the Earth. In memory of his contributions, the asteroid (小行星) 1006 Lagrangea was named after this outstanding Italian mathematician.

Lagrange is one of the 72 prominent French scientists who were commemorated (纪念) on plaques at the first stage of the Eiffel Tower when it first opened. If you have ever been to Paris, you can take a look at it.

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