第2452期:Atomic Bomb Survivors Group Wins Nobel Peace Prize

The Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a Japanese organization of survivors of the U.S. atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, for its activism against nuclear weapons. 

诺贝尔和平奖被授予日本飞段协（Nihon Hidankyo），这是一个由美国广岛和长崎原子弹爆炸幸存者组成的日本组织，因其反对核武器的积极行动而被授予。 

The Nobel committee said it "wishes to honor all survivors who, despite physical suffering and painful memories, have chosen to use their costly experience to cultivate hope and engagement for peace." 

诺贝尔委员会表示，“希望向所有幸存者致敬，尽管他们遭受了身体上的痛苦和痛苦的记忆，但他们选择利用他们代价高昂的经历来培养对和平的希望和参与。”

Hidankyo's Hiroshima branch chairperson, Tomoyuki Mimaki, who was waiting at the city hall for the announcement, cheered and became emotional when he received the news. 

正在市政府等待通知的飞段京广岛分会会长御牧智之得知这一消息后，兴奋不已，激动不已。

"Is it really true? Unbelievable!" Mimaki screamed. 

“这是真的吗？难以置信！” 美牧尖叫起来。 

The Nobel committee has honored efforts to ban nuclear weapons before. The International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons won the peace prize in 2017, and in 1995 Joseph Rotblat and the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs won for their efforts to reduce and ban nuclear weapons. 

诺贝尔委员会此前曾表彰过禁止核武器的努力。国际废除核武器运动于 2017 年荣获和平奖，1995 年约瑟夫·罗特布拉特和帕格沃什科学与世界事务会议因其在减少和禁止核武器方面所做的努力而获奖。

This year's prize was awarded as war continues in Ukraine. 

今年的奖项是在乌克兰战争仍在继续的情况下颁发的。 

In September, Russian President Vladimir Putin announced a change in his country's nuclear policy. The change appeared to make it easier for Russia to use nuclear weapons if attacked. 

9月，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京宣布改变其国家的核政策。这一变化似乎使俄罗斯在受到攻击时更容易使用核武器。 

Jørgen Watne Frydnes is chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee. He said Friday the award was made as the ban “against the use of nuclear weapons is under pressure." 

约尔根·沃特纳·弗里德内斯 (Jørgen Watne Frydnes) 是挪威诺贝尔委员会主席。他周五表示，该奖项是在“禁止使用核武器的禁令面临压力”的情况下做出的。 

EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said on social media that the results of Hiroshima and Nagasaki still affect humanity. The United States bombed those two Japanese cities using atomic weapons to end World War II in 1945. 

欧盟委员会主席乌苏拉·冯德莱恩在社交媒体上表示，广岛和长崎的后果仍然影响着人类。1945年，美国使用原子武器轰炸了这两个日本城市，结束了第二次世界大战。 

Von der Layen said the work of Nihon Hidankyo is very important. “This Nobel Peace Prize sends a powerful message. We have the duty to remember. And an even greater duty to protect the next generations from the horrors of nuclear war," she said. 

冯德莱恩表示，日本飞段协的工作非常重要。“诺贝尔和平奖传递了一个强有力的信息。我们有责任记住。保护下一代免遭核战争恐怖的更大责任，”她说。

The United States military dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. An estimated 70,000 people died. Three days earlier, U.S. forces had dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima resulting in an estimated 140,000 deaths. The bombings resulted in Japan’s surrender on August 15, 1945, bringing World War II to an end. 

1945 年 8 月 9 日，美国军方在长崎投下了一颗原子弹。估计有 7 万人死亡。三天前，美军在广岛投下一颗原子弹，造成约 14 万人死亡。这次爆炸导致日本于 1945 年 8 月 15 日投降，第二次世界大战结束。 

Survivors of the atomic bombs and victims of nuclear weapons tests in the Pacific formed the group, Nihon Hidankyo, in 1956. At the time, the survivors were demanding government support for health problems. 

原子弹的幸存者和太平洋核武器试验的受害者于 1956 年成立了“Nihon Hidankyo”组织。当时，幸存者要求政府支持解决健康问题。

U.N. Secretary-General António Guterres said in a statement that the survivors selflessly brought attention to the human cost of nuclear weapons. 

联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯在一份声明中表示，幸存者无私地引起了人们对核武器造成的人员伤亡的关注。 

"Nuclear weapons remain a clear and present danger to humanity, once again appearing in the daily rhetoric of international relations," he added. "It is time for world leaders to be as clear-eyed as the hibakusha, and see nuclear weapons for what they are: devices of death that offer no safety, protection, or security." Hibakusha is a Japanese word that refers to survivors of the atomic bombs or the radiation they caused. 

他补充说：“核武器仍然对人类构成明显而现实的威胁，再次出现在国际关系的日常言论中。” “世界领导人现在应该像原爆幸存者一样保持清醒的头脑，认清核武器的本质：无法提供安全、保护或保障的死亡装置。” Hibakusha 是一个日语单词，指原子弹或其造成的辐射的幸存者。 

Alfred Nobel wrote that the peace prize should be awarded for "the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses." 

阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔写道，和平奖应该颁发给“为国家之间的兄弟情谊、废除或裁减常备军以及举办和促进和平会议所做的最多或最好的工作”。

Last year's prize went to jailed Iranian activist Narges Mohammadi for her work supporting women's rights and democracy, and against punishment by death. 

去年的奖项颁给了被监禁的伊朗活动家纳尔吉斯·穆罕默迪(Narges Mohammadi)，以表彰她支持妇女权利和民主以及反对死刑的工作。 

In times of war, the Norwegian Nobel Committee sometimes chooses not to award a peace prize. The peace prize was not awarded 19 times since 1901, including during both world wars. The last time it was not awarded was in 1972. 

在战争时期，挪威诺贝尔委员会有时会选择不颁发和平奖。自 1901 年以来，和平奖有 19 次未颁发，其中包括两次世界大战期间。上一次未获奖是在1972年。 

The Nobel prizes are valued at about $1 million. The Nobel season ends Monday with the announcement of the winner of the economics prize. 

诺贝尔奖的价值约为100万美元。诺贝尔奖季将于周一宣布经济学奖得主。