8月19日午间英语新闻：用水冲不掉杀虫剂！专家教你如何彻底清洁蔬果

> Washing your fruits and veggies isn't enough anymore. Here's how to kill pesticides

用水冲不掉杀虫剂！专家教你如何彻底清洁蔬果

You probably know better than to eat a strawberry straight from of the carton without washing it. Fruits and veggies are often coated in harmful pesticides to ward off pests when they're growing. These chemicals are not exactly safe for human consumption either.

你可能很清楚，买来的草莓不能不洗就从盒子里拿着吃。水果和蔬菜在生长过程中常常被喷上有害的农药以抵御害虫。实际上，人类摄入这些化学物质也并不安全。

And while you probably rinse off your produce in a colander before eating it, new research suggests even a thorough wash with water isn't enough to properly get rid of all the pesticides.

虽然你很可能会在吃之前放滤网里用流水冲洗一下，但新研究表明，即使是用水彻底清洗也不足以完全去除所有的农药。

In new study published in the American Chemical Society’s journal Nano Letters, experts found that simply washing your fruits and vegetables in the sink "cannot wholly remove pesticides" because they can actually "penetrate the peel layer into the pulp layer."

发表在美国化学学会期刊《纳米快报》上的一项新研究中，专家们指出，仅仅在水槽里清洗水果和蔬菜“不能完全去除农药”，因为农药实际上可以“穿透果皮层进入果肉层”。

That doesn't, however, mean you are destined to a life of pesticide-ridden apples and oranges. They advise to avoid eating the peel.

然而，这并不意味着你注定一辈子都要吃含有农药的苹果和橙子。专家的建议是不要吃果皮。

"The research posits that peeling can effectively eliminate nearly all pesticide residues, contrasted with the frequently recommended practice of washing," study co-author Professor Dongdong Ye said.

研究报告的合著者叶冬冬教授表示：“与经常推荐的清洗做法形成对比的是，研究提出削皮可以有效地消除几乎所有的农药残留。”

According to food scientist and author of 150 Food Science Questions Answered, Dr. Bryan Quoc Le, the pesticides left behind on the skin of produce are fat-soluble, which basically just means they aren't as easy to get rid of.

《150个食品科学问题解答》的作者、食品科学家黎国（音译）博士说，残留在农产品表皮上的农药是脂溶性的，这意味着它们没那么容易被去除。

"Most commercial [produce] operations already wash or rinse their produce for distribution and sale. However, effective treatments for removing the vast majority of pesticides [include] peeling, rinsing in chemical treatments, and blanching," Dr. Le said. "Other potential methods for reducing pesticide levels are pickling and fermentation, as microorganisms and acids help to decompose pesticides into harmless molecules over time."

黎博士表示：“大多数农产品在分销时已经清洗过了。然而，有效去除绝大多数农药的方法包括削皮和用化学溶液漂洗。其他可能降低农药水平的方法还有腌制和发酵，因为随着时间推移，微生物和酸类物质有助于将农药分解成无害分子。”

If you're not planning to peel your fruit and vegetables, he suggests soaking the produce in a solution of salt, a solution of baking soda, or a solution of vinegar. "[This] will help to remove many of the pesticides found in produce."

如果你不打算给你的水果和蔬菜削皮，黎博士建议你将农产品浸泡在盐水、小苏打水或醋溶液中。黎博士指出：“这将有助于去除农产品中发现的许多农药。”

"The waxy layers of produce hold on to pesticides and are very difficult to remove using water alone," he says. "Other agents are needed to effectively remove the waxy layers. However, peeling remains the most effective way to remove a large concentration of pesticides."

黎博士称：“农产品的蜡质层会附着农药，而且光是用水清洗很难去除，需要其他药剂来有效去除蜡质层。然而，削皮仍然是去除高浓度农药的最有效方法。”

While you're not going to die over one unwashed blueberry, long-term pesticide consumption can increase your risk of cancer and cause birth defects, fertility issues, neurodegenerative disease, and immune system disease, according to Dr. Le.

黎博士指出，虽然你不会因为吃下一颗未洗的蓝莓而丧命，但长期摄入农药会增加你患癌症的风险，并导致出生缺陷、生育问题、神经退行性疾病和免疫系统疾病。

重点词汇

1、pesticide

英/ ˈpestɪsaɪd 美/ ˈpestəsaɪd /

n. 杀虫剂，农药

2、colander

英/ ˈkʌləndə(r) / 美/ ˈkɑːləndər /
n. 滤器，滤锅

3、penetrate

英/ ˈpenətreɪt / 美/ ˈpenətreɪt /

v. 刺入，穿透；打进（某地区或国家的市场）；渗入，打入（组织、团体等）；洞察，了解；被理解，被领悟

4、soluble
英/ ˈsɒljəb(ə)l / 美/ ˈsɑːljəb(ə)l /

adj. 可溶的，易于溶解的；（问题）可解答的，可解决的

5、blanch

英/ blɑːntʃ / 美/ blæntʃ /

vt. 漂白；使变白

vi. 漂白；发白；变白

n. 铅矿石

adj. 漂白的；银白色的

> Word of the day丨 standardized calculation and evaluation system for carbon emission

每日一词丨碳排放核算和评价标准体系

By the end of 2024, 70 national standards on carbon accounting, footprint, reduction, capture, utilization and storage will be published, covering all key sectors and companies, said the plan issued by the National Development and Reform Commission. In the following year, a standardized calculation and evaluation system will be in place for businesses, projects and products, with key sectors and products meeting world-leading benchmarks for energy consumption control, according to the plan.

国家发展改革委发布的方案提出，2024年，发布70项碳核算、碳足迹、碳减排、能效能耗、碳捕集利用与封存等国家标准，基本实现重点行业企业碳排放核算标准全覆盖；2025年，面向企业、项目、产品的三位一体碳排放核算和评价标准体系基本形成，重点行业和产品能耗能效技术指标基本达到国际先进水平。

【知识点】

“双碳”标准、计量工作是一个有机整体，两者密不可分，互为协同，共同支撑我国碳排放双控实施和碳定价政策体系建设。为加快推进碳达峰碳中和标准计量工作，有效支撑我国碳排放双控和碳定价政策体系建设，国家发展改革委等部门日前联合印发《关于进一步强化碳达峰碳中和标准计量体系建设行动方案（2024—2025年）》（以下简称《方案》）。

在“双碳”标准方面，《方案》明确，2024年，发布70项碳核算、碳足迹、碳减排、能效能耗、碳捕集利用与封存等国家标准，基本实现重点行业企业碳排放核算标准全覆盖。2025年，面向企业、项目、产品的三位一体碳排放核算和评价标准体系基本形成，建设100家企业和园区碳排放管理标准化试点。

在“双碳”计量方面，《方案》要求，2025年底前，研制20项计量标准和标准物质，开展25项关键计量技术研究，制定50项“双碳”领域国家计量技术规范，关键领域碳计量技术取得重要突破，重点用能和碳排放单位碳计量能力基本具备。

【相关词汇】

碳足迹

carbon footprint

低碳经济

low-carbon economy