第2159期:News Literacy Introduction: News Through Time

Today we are at the Newseum in Washington D.C. – where the history of free expression is explained and defended. 

今天，我们来到华盛顿特区的新闻博物馆——言论自由的历史在这里得到解释和捍卫。 

The first printing presses arrived in the United States in the mid-1600s, marking an important step in the history of America’s free press. 

第一台印刷机于 1600 年代中期抵达美国，标志着美国新闻自由历史上的重要一步。 

A free press is important in democratic society. It allows citizens to speak freely and criticize the country's leaders without fear. Some journalists have even lost their lives for that right. 

新闻自由在民主社会中很重要。 它允许公民自由发言并毫无恐惧地批评国家领导人。 一些记者甚至为了这一权利而献出了生命。 

But, it can also lead to news that is false. Last year, a fake news story about a Washington pizza restaurant went viral, causing a gunman to open fire at the business. 

但是，它也可能导致虚假新闻。 去年，一则关于华盛顿一家披萨店的假新闻在网上疯传，导致一名枪手向该店开枪。 

One of the most common terms we hear today is “fake news.” The public and politicians use it to talk about the news reports they do not think are accurate. 

我们今天听到的最常见的术语之一是“假新闻”。 公众和政客用它来谈论他们认为不准确的新闻报道。 

While people have paid much attention to the term in recent years, the problem is not new. False news reports have been around since modern journalism started. 

尽管近年来人们对这个术语给予了很多关注，但这个问题并不新鲜。 自现代新闻业诞生以来，虚假新闻报道就一直存在。 

Today, information moves around us in many forms, every hour of every day. Even if we do not seek out news on our own, we often receive it anyway, instantly, on our phones. 

如今，信息每时每刻以多种形式在我们周围流动。 即使我们不自己寻找新闻，我们也经常通过手机立即收到新闻。 

So how can we manage this mountain of information so that fake news does not mislead us? 

那么，我们如何管理这如山的信息，以免假新闻误导我们呢？ 

We believe this requires news literacy. News literacy is the ability to use critical thinking skills to judge news reports. Are they credible? Can you rely on the reports to be true? 

我们认为这需要新闻素养。 新闻素养是运用批判性思维技能来判断新闻报道的能力。 他们可信吗？ 你能相信这些报道是真实的吗？ 

We use real media examples to teach useful skills and methods to recognize journalism over other kinds of information. We examine the differences between facts and what people report in the media as truth. 

我们使用真实的媒体示例来教授有用的技能和方法，以识别新闻和其他类型的信息。 我们研究事实与人们在媒体上报道的真相之间的差异。 

The course provides tools to identify real and reliable news sources. And, it demonstrates ways to separate news from opinion. 

该课程提供了识别真实可靠新闻来源的工具。 而且，它展示了区分新闻和观点的方法。

Professors at Stony Brook University in New York created the News Literacy education program. We will share it with you in simple English on VOA Learning English. 

纽约石溪大学的教授们创建了新闻素养教育项目。 我们将在美国之音英语学习频道用简单的英语与您分享。 

The need for news literacy is possibly greater now than ever before. Learning this important skill can give us the power to take full control of our own search for the truth. 

现在对新闻素养的需求可能比以往任何时候都更大。 学习这项重要技能可以让我们有能力完全掌控自己对真理的探索。

Because as we’ve seen many times before, some news presented as truth can actually turn out to be completely false. 

因为正如我们之前多次看到的那样，一些看似真实的新闻实际上可能完全是错误的。