3月28日午间英语新闻：不吃早饭和不吃晚饭，哪个危害更大？

>Which is more harmful, skipping breakfast or skipping dinner?
不吃早饭和不吃晚饭，哪个危害更大？

The clue for why breakfast is supposed to be important is in its name: we’re advised to eat it to break our overnight fast. 
早餐的英文名“breakfast”意味着打破（break）过夜的禁食期（overnight fast），这也揭示了早餐的重要性。

However, studies have shown that skipping dinner increases the risk of physical illness, according to Courtney Peterson, the study’s author and assistant professor of nutrition sciences at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
不过，阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校营养科学助理教授考特尼·彼得森通过研究表明，不吃晚餐对身体患病风险增加更多。

“For those who eat dinner later, their risk of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease goes through the roof. While it seems breakfast is the most important meal of the day, it might actually be dinner,” she says. “Our blood sugar control is best early in the day. When we eat dinner late, that’s when we’re most vulnerable because our blood sugar is worst.” 
“对于那些晚饭吃得晚的人来说，他们患肥胖症、糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险会大大增加。虽然看起来早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，但实际上可能是晚餐。”她指出，“我们的血糖控制最好在一天的早些时候进行。当我们吃晚饭的时候，我们的血糖是最差的，因此是最容易受到伤害的时候。”

Researchers at Australia’s Monash University analyzed 13 breakfast studies that looked at the relationship between breakfast consumption or omission, and changes in body weight. They found that overall, there’s no strong evidence to suggest that breakfast plays an important role in maintaining weight.
澳大利亚莫纳什大学的研究人员分析了13项早餐研究，探讨早餐摄入或不吃与体重变化之间的关系。他们发现，总体而言，没有强有力的证据表明早餐在维持体重方面发挥着重要作用。

Researchers designed a study in which 52 obese women took part in a 12-week weight loss program. All had the same number of calories over the day, but half had breakfast, while the other half did not. What they found was that it wasn't breakfast itself that caused the participants to lose weight- it was changing their normal routine. 
科学家曾设计过一项研究，让52名肥胖女性参与一个为期12周的减肥计划。所有人每天摄入相同数量的卡路里，但一半人吃早餐，一半人不吃。结果发现，并不是早餐本身导致参与者减肥，而是日常饮食规律的改变。

When you have been fasting and the blood sugar in your body drops, your body will release the substance "cortisol" that specifically regulates blood sugar. But it can also create a stress response in the body, making you feel depressed and anxious.
一直处于空腹状态，体内血糖下降，身体就会释放专门调节血糖的物质“皮质醇”。但它同时也会在体内产生压力反应，让你感到情绪低落、焦虑。

After a long day of processing information and being stressed, your brain is already very tired. If you stay up late and disrupt your circadian rhythm and endocrine system, you are more likely to develop depression.
经过一整天的信息处理，大脑已经十分疲惫，如果此时你再熬夜打乱昼夜节律和内分泌，则更容易产生抑郁情绪。

Korean researchers tested 4,742 elderly people aged 65 and above. Compared with people who eat regularly, people who skip dinner have a 1.2 times risk of stress, a 1.38 times risk of depression, and a 1.46 times risk of suicidal thoughts.
韩国研究人员也曾对4742名大于等于65岁的老年人测试过，与规律吃饭的人比，不吃晚饭的人压力风险为1.2倍，抑郁风险为1.38倍，产生自杀念头的风险达到1.46倍。

重点词汇：
cardiovascular
英/ ˌkɑːdiəʊˈvæskjələ(r) / 美/ ˌkɑːrdioʊˈvæskjələr /
adj.心血管的；心脏强化运动的

circadian
英/ sɜːˈkeɪdiən / 美/ sɜːrˈkeɪdiən /
adj.生理节奏的（指与地球二十四小时运转联系的新陈代谢、内分泌作用及睡眠等节奏有关的）；以24小时为周期的

endocrine
英/ ˈendəʊkrɪn / 美/ ˈendəkrɪn /
adj.内分泌（腺）的
n.内分泌；内分泌腺；内分泌物；激素