英语演讲：现代人为什么越来越无感

You can't stop yourself. As soon as I disengage from this behavior, I'm going to experience a kind of a pain.

你无法阻止自己。一旦我脱离这种行为，我就会经历一种痛苦。

In a previous conversation we had, you said something that reallyreally rung in my mind, which is that many people who become addicted to things have this feeling that normal life isn't interesting enough.

在我们之前的一次谈话中，你说了一些让我印象深刻的话，那就是很多对事物上瘾的人会觉得正常的生活不够有趣。

One of the most significant findings in neuroscience in the last 75 years is that pleasure and pain are co-located, which means the same parts of the brain that process pleasure also process pain. And they work like a balance. So when we feel pleasure, our balance tips one way. When we feel pain, it tips in the opposite direction.

在过去的75年里，神经科学最重要的发现之一就是快乐和痛苦是共存的，这意味着大脑中处理快乐的部分也处理痛苦。它们就像一种平衡。所以当我们感到快乐时，我们的平衡倾向于一方。当我们感到痛苦时，它会向相反的方向倾斜。

And one of the overriding rules governing this balance is that it wants to stay level, so it doesn't want to remain tipped very long to pleasure or to pain. The brain will work very hard to restore a level balance, or what scientists call homeostasis. And the way the brain does that is with any stimulus to one side, there will be a tip, an equal and opposite amount to the other side.

控制这种平衡的最重要的规则之一是，它想保持平衡，所以它不想长时间地倾向于快乐或痛苦。大脑会非常努力地恢复平衡，也就是科学家所说的体内平衡。大脑是这样做的，任何刺激到一侧，就会有一个尖端，与另一侧相等和相反的量。

So like, I like to watch videos. When I watch videos of American Idol, it tips to the side of pleasure. When I stop watching it, I have a come down, which is a tip to the equal and opposite amount on the other side. And that's that moment of wanting to watch one more video.

我喜欢看视频。当我看《美国偶像》的视频时，它倾向于快乐的一面。当我停止看它时，我有一个下降，这是另一边相等和相反数量的提示。这就是想再看一个视频的时刻。

This moment of wanting to watch another that is associated with pain. Are we always aware of that happening? Because you just described in a very conscious way, right? But when I indulge in something I enjoy, I'm usually thinking about just wanting more of that thing. Yeah. I don't think about the pain, I just think about more.

这种想要看到另一个人的时刻与痛苦联系在一起。我们总是意识到这种情况的发生吗?因为你刚刚用一种非常有意识的方式描述了，对吧?但当我沉迷于我喜欢的东西时，我通常会想要更多的东西。是的。我不去想痛苦，我只想的更多。

right? Really excellent point. Because we're mostly not aware of it and it's also reflexive. So it's not something that consciously happens or that we're aware of unless we really begin to pay attention. And when we begin to pay attention, we really can become very aware of it in the moment.

对吧?非常好的观点。因为我们大多没有意识到这一点，而且这也是反射性的。所以它不是有意识地发生的，也不是我们意识到的，除非我们真正开始注意。当我们开始注意的时候，我们真的可以在那一刻意识到它。

Again, it's like a falling away. You're on social media and you get a good tweet of something and then you can't stop yourself because there's this awareness, a latent awareness that as soon as I disengage from this behavior, I'm going to experience a kind of a pain, right. Afalling away, a missing that feeling, a wanting more of it. And of course, one way to combat that is to do it more, right, and more and more.

再一次，这就像一个消失。你在社交媒体上，你收到了一条很好的推文，然后你无法阻止自己，因为有一种意识，一种潜在的意识，一旦我脱离这种行为，我就会经历一种痛苦，对吧。一种疏远，一种思念，一种想要更多的那种感觉。当然，解决这个问题的一种方法就是做得更多，对吧，越来越多。

But ultimately, we do need to disengage, right? We can't live in that space all the time, right? We have other things we need to do. And there are also serious consequences that come with trying to repeat and continue that experience or that feeling, what happens right after I do something that is really pleasurable and releases a lot of dopamine, my brain is going to immediately compensate by down regulating my own doping receptors, my own dopamine transmission to compensate for that. And that's that come down or the hangover that after effect, that moment of wanting to do it more.

但最终，我们确实需要脱离，对吧?我们不能一直住在那个空间里，对吧?我们还有别的事要做。试图重复和继续这种经历或感觉也会带来严重的后果，在我做了一些非常愉快的事情并释放大量多巴胺之后，我的大脑会立即通过降低我自己的兴奋剂受体来补偿，我自己的多巴胺传输来补偿。这就是在宿醉之后，想要做更多事情的那一刻。

Now, if I just wait for that feeling to pass, then my domain will re-regulate itself and I'll go back to whatever my chronic baseline is. But if I don't wait, and here's really the key, if I keep indulging again and again and again, ultimately I have so much on the pain side that I've essentially reset my brain to what we call like an anhedonic or lacking enjoy type of state, which is a dopamine deficit state, which is akin to a clinical depression, anxiety, irritability and dysphoria. And then nothing is enjoyable, then everything sort of pales in comparison to this one drug that I want to keep doing.

现在，如果我只是等待那种感觉过去，那么我的领域就会重新自我调节，我就会回到我的慢性基线。但如果我不等待，这才是关键，如果我一次又一次地放纵，最终我就会有太多的痛苦，我的大脑就会重置到我们所说的快感缺乏或缺乏享受的状态，这是一种多巴胺缺乏的状态，类似于临床抑郁症，焦虑，易怒和烦躁不安。没有什么是令人愉快的，与我想一直服用的药物相比，一切都显得苍白无力。