11月16日午间英语新闻：英国前首相卡梅伦被任命为外交大臣

Former prime minister David Cameron appointed as Britain's new foreign secretary

英国前首相卡梅伦被任命为外交大臣

Former British prime minister David Cameron was appointed as Britain's new foreign secretary on Monday amid prime minister Rishi Sunak's cabinet reshuffle. 

当地时间13日，英国前首相戴维·卡梅伦被任命为英国新任外交大臣，英国首相苏纳克进行了内阁改组。

Cameron succeeds James Cleverly, who has replaced Suella Braverman as the new home secretary. Braverman came under fire over her immigration policies and her criticism of police actions at recent demonstrations. 

英国前首相戴维·卡梅伦被任命为英国外交大臣。前外交大臣詹姆斯·克莱弗利被任命为内政大臣，接替被解职的苏拉·布雷弗曼。布雷弗曼因其移民政策和对最近示威活动中警察行为的批评而受到抨击。

The British government said Cameron will be appointed to the House of Lords, the upper chamber of the Parliament. 

英国政府表示，卡梅伦将获得上议院议员席位。

Cameron led the British government between 2010 and 2016. He resigned after Britain voted to leave the European Union in a referendum. 

卡梅伦曾在2010年至2016年期间领导英国政府。他在英国公投脱欧后辞职。

Cameron said Britain was "facing a daunting set of international challenges." 

卡梅伦表示，英国正“面临一系列严峻的国际挑战”。

"While I have been out of front-line politics for the last seven years, I hope that my experience -- as Conservative leader for 11 years and prime minister for six -- will assist me in helping the prime minister to meet these vital challenges," he said in a statement following the appointment. 

他在任命后的一份声明中说:“虽然过去7年我一直远离政治活动，但我希望我担任了11年保守党领袖和6年首相的经验，能有助于我帮助首相应对这些重大挑战。”

重点词汇：

1.reshuffle

英/ˈriːʃʌfl/

美/ˈriːʃʌfl/

v.改组，岗位调整；重新洗牌；重新排序，重新安排

n.（机构或组织内的）人事调整，改组

2.daunting

英/ˈdɔːntɪŋ/

美/ˈdɔːntɪŋ; ˈdɑːntɪŋ/

adj.使人畏惧的，使人气馁的

3.vital

英/ˈvaɪt(ə)l/

美/ˈvaɪt(ə)l/

adj.至关重要的，必不可少的；生机勃勃的，充满活力的；生命的，维持生命所必需的

n.身体的重要内脏，维持生命的重要器官（vitals）

This new study will have you rethinking your lunch — in more ways than one

这项新研究将让人们从多个方面重新思考午餐

A study published in October in the journal Nature Food shows that simple substitutions (chicken instead of beef in tacos, for example) can greatly decrease the carbon footprint of a typical U.S. diet while improving dietary quality. Other substitutions, such as cod instead of shrimp, or plant-based instead of dairy milk, can also reduce emissions while enhancing diets. The authors of the study found that lower-carbon foods typically have better “Healthy Eating Index” scores, making them good for you as well as good for the planet.

10月份发表在《自然食品》杂志上的一项研究表明，简单的替代品(例如，在墨西哥卷饼中用鸡肉代替牛肉)可以大大减少典型美国饮食的碳足迹，同时提高饮食质量。其他替代品，如用鳕鱼代替虾，或用植物性牛奶代替乳制品，也可以在改善饮食的同时减少排放。该研究的作者发现，低碳食物通常具有更好的“健康饮食指数”分数它们对人们和地球都有好处。

It’s not just on our plates where a simple change can reduce our footprints. Changing your travel routine to avoid one car trip per day can save half a metric ton of CO2 per year. At the same time, alternative transportation like biking or walking can lead to improved fitness and decrease air pollution from automobile exhaust. Hanging laundry to dry can save you money while decreasing your carbon footprint.

我们不仅可以通过饮食上的简单改变来减少碳足迹。改变出行习惯，每天少开一次车，每年可以减少半公吨二氧化碳。与此同时，像骑自行车或步行这样的替代交通方式可以改善健康状况，减少汽车尾气造成的空气污染。晾衣服既能省钱，又能减少碳足迹。

These are all relatively simple substitutions that don’t involve drastic lifestyle changes. You can buy different ingredients for a casserole without becoming a vegetarian. You can try to decrease food waste without changing your diet. You can carpool one day a week without giving up your car.

这些都不需要生活方式的剧烈改变，只是选择一些相对简单的替代办法。你可以买不同的原料来做砂锅菜，而无需成为素食主义者。你可以尝试减少食物浪费，而无需改变饮食习惯。你可以每周用一天来选择拼车而无需完全放弃开车。

Small changes add up in many ways. There is the decrease in greenhouse gas emissions itself, which can be surprisingly large, particularly as a result of changes to diet. 

生活的方方面面都可以进行微小的改变继而积累起来。首先是温室气体排放本身的减少，特别是由于饮食的改变，温室气体排放量的减少可能会惊人地大。

Another benefit to these small changes is that they are immediate: They keep carbon out of the atmosphere starting from your first lasagna with plant-based meat. Fighting climate change is a marathon, not a sprint — so better to start walking than wait for fusion-powered sneakers.

这些微小变化的另一个好处是它们是立竿见影的:从你吃的第一个以植物肉制作的千层面开始，它们就能阻止碳排放到大气中。应对气候变化不是短跑，而是一场马拉松——与其等着穿上聚变动力的运动鞋，不如从步行开始。

重点词汇：

1.substitution

英/ˌsʌbstɪˈtjuːʃ(ə)n/

美/ˌsʌbstɪˈtuːʃn/

n.代替，替换；代替物；（数） 置换

2.cod

英/kɒd/

美/kɑːd/

n.鳕鱼；愚弄；哄骗

vi.欺骗；愚弄

vt.愚弄；欺骗

3.drastic

英/ˈdræstɪk/

美/ˈdræstɪk/

adj.极端的，激烈的

4.casserole

英/ˈkæsərəʊl/

美/ˈkæsəroʊl/

n.勺皿；砂锅菜；餐桌上用有盖的焙盘

vi.用焙盘焙

5.sprint

英/sprɪnt/

美/sprɪnt/

v.冲刺，短跑

n.冲刺，快跑；短跑比赛，短距离速度竞赛；（速度、能量或活动的）突然爆发

6.fusion

英/ˈfjuːʒ(ə)n/

美/ˈfjuːʒ(ə)n/

n.融合，结合；核聚变；混合音乐；融合菜肴；熔化；融合物