Record-breaking Hot Summer Is Only Half Over

At about summer's halfway point, scientists say the world’s record-breaking heat and weather extremes are both unprecedented and unsurprising.

夏季即将过半，科学家们表示，世界上破纪录的高温和极端天气是史无前例的，并不令人意外。

American and European meteorologists also expect a hotter-than-normal August and September.

美国和欧洲气象学家还预计八月和九月将比正常情况更热。

Gavin Schmidt is a NASA climate scientist. He told The Associated Press, “The heat waves that we’re seeing in the U.S. and in Europe, in China are demolishing records left, right and center. This is not a surprise.”

加文·施密特是美国宇航局气候科学家。 他告诉美联社：“我们在美国、欧洲和中国看到的热浪正在打破左、右、中的记录。 这并不奇怪。”

“We’re going to be seeing this pretty much this year and into next year," Schmidt said. Along with human-caused climate change, there is also the natural El Nino warming of the Pacific Ocean.

施密特说：“今年和明年我们都会看到这种情况。”除了人为造成的气候变化外，还有太平洋自然厄尔尼诺现象的变暖。

Here is a look at what has happened so far this summer:

以下是今年夏天迄今为止发生的事情：

The month of June this year was the hottest June on record in the world. Scientists say July has been so hot that even before the month was over they could say it was the hottest month on record. In some places, the heat has been deadly.

今年六月是全球有记录以来最热的六月。 科学家表示，七月太热了，甚至在这个月结束之前，他们就可以说这是有记录以来最热的一个月。 在一些地方，高温已经致命。

In Phoenix, Arizona, the last day of June and each day of July has been at least 43 degrees Celsius. The area also set records for the longest period with temperatures at 32 and higher.

在亚利桑那州凤凰城，6 月的最后一天和 7 月的每一天都至少有 43 摄氏度。 该地区还创下了 32 度及以上的最长持续时间记录。

El Paso, Texas, had 44 days of 37-degree heat. Schools closed in Nuevo Leon state in northern Mexico a month earlier than normal as temperatures reached 45 degrees.

德克萨斯州埃尔帕索经历了 44 天 37 度的高温。 由于气温达到 45 度，墨西哥北部新莱昂州的学校比正常情况提前一个月停课。

Beijing, China experienced 27 days of 35 degrees in July. That came after three 40-degree days in June.

7月，中国北京经历了27天35度的高温。 那是在 6 月三天 40 度的高温之后发生的。

Heat records fell all over southern Europe. Sardinia, Italy, hit 47 degrees. Palermo in Sicily broke a record that goes back to 1791 by 2 degrees.

整个南欧地区的高温记录都被打破。 意大利撒丁岛气温达到 47 度。 西西里岛的巴勒莫打破了自 1791 年以来的纪录 2 度。

Spain reported nearly 1,000 extra deaths from the heat by mid-July, mostly among older people.

西班牙报告称，截至 7 月中旬，已有近 1,000 人因高温死亡，其中大部分是老年人。

More than 10,000 people had to be evacuated in central Hunan province in China. Heavy rainfall there caused at least 70 houses to collapse. In Yichang, rain caused a landslide that buried a construction site and killed at least one person.

中国中部湖南省有一万多人被迫疏散。 强降雨导致至少70栋房屋倒塌。 在宜昌，降雨引发山体滑坡，掩埋了一个建筑工地，造成至少一人死亡。

Australia’s Queensland desert got 13 times its normal monthly July rain in just one day.

澳大利亚昆士兰沙漠一天内的降雨量是 7 月正常降雨量的 13 倍。

Thousands of people were evacuated from Delhi in India as rains caused floods and landslides. Heavy rain and flooding caused several deaths in northeastern states of the U.S.

由于降雨引发洪水和山体滑坡，印度德里数千人被疏散。 美国东北部各州暴雨和洪水造成多人死亡

Too little rain in Greece and Spain worsened wildfires. In the Canary Islands, a fire caused 4,000 people to evacuate and 400 firefighters battling it.

希腊和西班牙的降雨太少，导致野火恶化。 加那利群岛发生火灾，导致 4,000 人疏散，400 名消防员参与救火。

Hot and dry conditions caused about 160 wildfires to break out in Israel in early June.

6月初，炎热干燥的天气导致以色列爆发约160起野火。

In northern Quebec, Canada, wildfire smoke spread to create the world’s dirtiest air in cities like New York and Washington, D.C.

在加拿大魁北克省北部，野火烟雾蔓延，在纽约和华盛顿特区等城市造成了世界上最肮脏的空气。

As of late July, more than 600 wildfires were out of control in Canada. A record 123,000 square kilometers burned, and fire season is not nearly done. That is an area larger than North Korea.

截至7月底，加拿大已有600多起山火失控。 火灾面积达到创纪录的 123,000 平方公里，火灾季节尚未结束。 这个面积比朝鲜还大。

Water temperatures in the Florida Keys and off the Everglades hit the high 30s.

佛罗里达群岛和大沼泽地附近的水温高达 30 多度。

The North Atlantic had hot spots that alarmed scientists. The world’s oceans as a whole were the hottest ever in June and got even hotter in July. In Antarctica, sea ice broke record-low levels.

北大西洋的热点地区令科学家们感到震惊。 整个世界的海洋在六月是有史以来最热的，七月甚至更热。 在南极洲，海冰打破了历史最低水平。

Ocean temperatures take a long time to warm up and cool down, said Victor Gensini who teaches meteorology at the University of Northern Illinois. He added that it does not look good for the rest of the summer.

北伊利诺伊大学气象学教授维克多·根西尼 (Victor Gensini) 表示，海洋温度需要很长时间才能升温和降温。 他补充说，今年夏天剩下的时间看起来不太好。

U.S. National Weather Service meteorologist Matt Rosencrans expects above normal temperatures for the next three months.

美国国家气象局气象学家马特·罗森克兰斯预计未来三个月气温将高于正常水平。

The only possible relief he sees, especially in the hot Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, is if a hurricane or tropical storm moves through. But the height of hurricane season in September has not even started.

他认为，特别是在炎热的大西洋和墨西哥湾，唯一可能的缓解是飓风或热带风暴穿过。 但九月份的飓风季节尚未开始。

With the summer’s weather extremes so far, University of Pennsylvania climate scientist Michael Mann had one question: “How on God’s Earth are we still burning fossil fuels after witnessing all this?”

鉴于夏季迄今为止的极端天气，宾夕法尼亚大学气候科学家迈克尔·曼（Michael Mann）提出了一个问题：“天哪，在目睹了这一切之后，我们怎么还在燃烧化石燃料呢？”