S108. surplus-S109. surprise

surplus

构词：sur（= super-, over- 超过）＋plus（叠加, 额外）

额外超过 n. / adj. 过剩（的）; 盈余（的）; 顺差

相关：plus, double, triple, multiple; Polynesia, polyphony

搭配：in surplus, a trade / budget surplus, a big surplus of coffee

          surplus cash / grain / labor / value, be surplus to requirements

近义：extra, additional, odd, spare, excess, superfluous

反义：minus; lack, dearth, scarce, deficient, shortage

surprise

构词：sur（= super-, over- 笼罩）＋prise（抓住）

突然抓住 n. / v. 意外惊喜, 意外发现, （使）惊讶

相关：prise, apprise, comprise, enterprise, reprise; prey

搭配：(much) to one’s surprise, in / with / by surprise, have a surprise for you, come as a surprise, express surprise, a nice / complete surprise, an element of surprise; surprise someone

近义：shock, astound, startle; amaze, wonder

考点：反转—turn out, unexpected, unpredictable