7月4日午间英语新闻：央行调查报告：59.9%企业家认为二季度宏观经济热度“正常”

From America to India, record heatwaves are causing chaos

热浪侵袭：多国开启“炙烤模式”，未来5年全球气温或飙至历史新高

Even though summer has only just begun, record heatwaves are already being set. Last week, Beijing logged its hottest June day since records began, at 41C. In Texas, a deadly heatwave is entering its third week – a number of records have already been broken across the state, including a blistering 115F (46.1C) reading in Del Rio and 116F (46.6C) in Cotulla. In India, morgues and hospitals became overwhelmed after temperatures hit 45C in some areas – at least 96 people died from heat-aggravated conditions. 

尽管夏天才刚刚开始，但创纪录的热浪已经来袭。上周，中国北京迎来史上最热六月天，最高气温达41摄氏度。在美国得克萨斯州，致命热浪持续至第三周，该州多地气温纪录被打破，德尔里奥和科图拉分别创下46.1摄氏度、46摄氏度的高温纪录。在印度，一些地区气温最高达到45摄氏度，停尸房和医院人满为患——据报道，至少有96人死于高温。

“Globally we are seeing more heat-related deaths as temperatures rise,” said Dr. Christopher Sampson, an emergency physician at MU Health.

密苏里大学健康中心急诊医生克里斯托弗·桑普森表示：“随着气温升高，全球各地肯定会发生更多高温致死案例。”

Being exposed to these high temperatures can cause damage when body temperatures rise to 104 degrees or higher. It can occur as quickly as 30 minutes.

在高温环境下，当体温上升到40度以上时，可能会危及健康。这一过程最快可能在30分钟内发生。

People with high blood pressure, people who work or exercise outside, and people over the age of 65 are most at risk. But it can happen to anyone. Health Research Funding found that 70% of heat stroke deaths occur in children younger than age 2.

高血压患者、从事户外工作或在户外锻炼的人群以及65岁以上老人面临的风险最大。但高温致死可能发生在任何人身上。健康研究基金发现，70%的中暑死亡发生在2岁以下的儿童中。

The accelerated high temperatures in the past month or so have astounded scientists, who are pointing to a number of parallel events, including the human-caused climate crisis and the naturally occurring weather event El Niño, to explain the cause. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has forecast that global temperatures are likely to surge to record levels in the next five years. 

过去近一个月快速来袭的高温天气让科学家们感到震惊。专家指出，人类活动所导致的气候危机和厄尔尼诺现象等因素叠加导致了今夏的高温天气。世界气象组织（WMO）预测，未来五年全球气温可能会飙升至创纪录的水平。

Since 1884, all 10 of the warmest years recorded have happened after 2003. And with that has come a host of more extreme and more frequent weather events that have displaced millions of people around the world, led to food shortages, loss of habitats, and deaths.

自1884年以来，有迹象记录以来最热的10年都发生在2003年之后。随之而来的是全球一系列更极端、更频繁的天气事件，造成数百万人流离失所，粮食短缺、栖息地丧失和死亡。

The rising temperatures that are a result of humans burning fossil fuels are being further exacerbated by the naturally occurring weather event known as El Niño – where sections of the Pacific Ocean heat up, causing temperatures to spike around the world. It is typically declared when ocean temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean rise 0.5C above the long-term average. Its arrival is particularly worrying because even though there were three La Niña episodes (the colder counterpart to El Niño where temperatures drop) between 2020 and 2022, last year was still the fifth-warmest year on record globally.

在全球变暖背景下，厄尔尼诺现象的出现加剧气温升高。该现象表现为太平洋部分地区变暖，导致世界各地的气温飙升。当赤道东太平洋海温比长期平均值高0.5摄氏度时，就会形成厄尔尼诺现象。厄尔尼诺现象的到来尤其令人担忧，因为尽管在2020年至2022年期间发生了三次拉尼娜现象（厄尔尼诺现象的较冷对应物），但2022年仍然是有气象记录以来全球第五热年份。

Scientists are concerned that as El Niño takes effect, extreme weather events will be that much worse. In 2015 and 2016, El Niño affected the food security of more than 60 million people. The weather conditions triggered regional disease outbreaks globally, according to a NASA study, and it was associated with extreme drought and a record-smashing hurricane season. 

科学家们担心，随着厄尔尼诺现象卷土重来，极端天气事件将更频发。2015年和2016年，厄尔尼诺现象影响了6000多万人的粮食安全。美国航空航天局（NASA）的一项研究显示，这种天气状况引发了全球区域性疾病爆发，并与极端干旱和创纪录的飓风季节有关。

Either way, it is now expected that the average temperature will exceed 1.5C beyond pre-industrial times in the coming years, which is the threshold set out in the Paris agreement, where extreme weather events, heatwaves, droughts, flooding and other climate impacts get significantly worse.

无论如何，预计未来几年全球平均气温比工业化前水平将高出1.5摄氏度。这是《巴黎协定》设立的升温阈值。这一情况将导致极端天气事件、热浪、干旱、洪水和其他气候影响显著加剧。

重点词汇：

1、astounded 

英[əˈstaʊndɪd]

美[əˈstaʊndɪd]

adj.大吃一惊的; 感到震惊的; 惊愕;

v.使震惊; 使大惊;

2、threshold

英[ˈθreʃhəʊld]

美[ˈθreʃhoʊld]

n.门槛; 阈; 起点; 门口; 开端; 界; 起始点; 入门;

3、exacerbated

英[ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪtɪd]美[ɪɡˈzæsərbeɪtɪd]

v.使加剧; 使恶化; 使加重;

Surveys show Chinese entrepreneurs, bankers remain optimistic about macro-economy

央行调查报告：59.9%企业家认为二季度宏观经济热度“正常”

Chinese entrepreneurs and bankers expressed optimism for the country's macro-economy in the second quarter of this year, the latest central bank surveys showed on Thursday.

6月29日，中国人民银行（以下简称央行）最新调查显示，中国企业家和银行家对今年二季度的宏观经济表示乐观。

The entrepreneur macro-economy heat index came in at 30.9 percent in the second quarter, up 4.3 percentage points year-on-year, according to a survey from the People's Bank of China.

央行调查显示，第二季度企业家宏观经济热度指数为30.9%，比上年同期上升4.3个百分点。

About 59.9 percent of surveyed entrepreneurs from 5,000 businesses said they thought the macro-economy was operating normally in the second quarter.

约59.9%的企业家认为二季度宏观经济热度“正常”。受访企业家来自5000家企业。

A separate central bank survey on bankers showed that their macro-economy heat index was at 37.8 percent in the second quarter of this year, with 62.4 percent of surveyed bankers saying the macro-economy was operating at a normal level.

此外，央行发布的银行家问卷调查报告显示，二季度银行家宏观经济热度指数为37.8%，其中，有62.4%的银行家认为当前宏观经济“正常”。

The banker outlook index for macro-economy heat rose to 44.7 percent for the third quarter, 6.9 percentage points higher than the results of the second quarter, the survey showed.

调查显示，对下季度，银行家宏观经济热度预期指数为44.7%，高于本季6.9个百分点。

It also showed that aggregate loan demand rose in the second quarter, with the index up 5.6 percentage points from the previous quarter, to 62.2 percent.

报告还显示，今年二季度，我国贷款总体需求指数为62.2%，比上年同期上升5.6个百分点。

重点词汇：

aggregate

英[ˈæɡrɪɡət , ˈæɡrɪɡeɪt]

美[ˈæɡrɪɡət , ˈæɡrɪɡeɪt]

adj.总计的; 总数的;

n.(可成混凝土或修路等用的)骨料，集料; 合计; 总数;

vt.合计; 总计;