5月25日午间英语新闻：不刷卡不扫码，坐地铁可以“刷掌”了

Artificial sweeteners not recommended for weight loss, says WHO

世卫组织：人工甜味剂无助于减肥，长期摄入或增加健康风险

On Monday, the World Health Organization released new guidelines warning the public not to use non-sugar sweeteners for weight loss, revealing that it may actually do more harm to the body than good.

5月15日，世界卫生组织最新发布的一份指南提醒公众，不要借助非糖甜味剂减肥，这一表态意味着非糖甜味剂对身体健康或弊大于利。

New findings showed that artificial sweeteners — like aspartame, a sugar substitute found in Diet Coke — don’t do much to reduce your waistline. In fact, long-term use of these fake sugars could even potentially increase the risk for Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults, the WHO said.

新的研究结果显示，添加在无糖可乐中的阿斯巴甜等人工甜味剂，对减肥没有任何效果。世卫组织称，长期使用非糖甜味剂可能增加成人患2型糖尿病、心血管疾病患病率和死亡的风险。

“Replacing free sugars with NSS (non-sugar sweeteners) does not help with weight control in the long term,” said Francesco Branca, WHO’s director of the department of nutrition for health and development, in a statement.

世卫组织营养促进健康和发展司司长弗朗切斯科•布兰卡说：“从长远来看，用非糖甜味剂代替游离糖无助于控制体重。”

According to the WHO, some of the most common non-sugar sweeteners include “acesulfame K, aspartame, advantame, cyclamates, neotame, saccharin, sucralose, stevia and stevia derivatives.”

根据世卫组织，最常见的非糖甜味剂包括"安赛蜜、阿斯巴甜、安美、甜蜜素、纽甜、糖精、三氯蔗糖、甜菊和甜菊衍生物"。

Branca advised that people should instead try to focus on eating foods with natural sugar, like fruit.

布兰卡建议人们主要摄入水果等含天然糖分的食物。

“People need to consider other ways to reduce free sugars intake, such as consuming food with naturally occurring sugars, like fruit, or unsweetened food and beverages,” he continued. “NSS (non-sugar sweeteners) are not essential dietary factors and have no nutritional value. People should reduce the sweetness of the diet altogether, starting early in life, to improve their health.”

“人们需要考虑其他方法来减少游离糖的摄入量，例如食用含有天然糖分的食物，如水果，或不加糖的食物和饮料，”他继续说道。 “NSS（非糖甜味剂）不是必需的饮食因素，也没有营养价值。人们应该从生命的早期开始完全减少饮食中的甜味，以改善他们的健康。”

WHO noted that these new guidelines are applicable to everyone except for those who have preexisting diabetes.

世卫组织指出，该指南适用于除糖尿病患者以外的所有人。

The review was compiled through 283 studies, according to CNN, but some of them were observational, which means that they just show an association.

据CNN报道，这项审查是通过283项研究汇编而成的，但其中一些是观察性的，这意味着它们只是显示了一种关联。

The new guidelines include a wide array of non-sugar sweeteners, too — including ones that are naturally occurring.

新指南也包括范围广泛的非糖甜味剂——包括那些天然存在的甜味剂。

However, a statement put out by the Calorie Control Council, which is an “international association representing the low and reduced-calorie food and beverage industry,” maintained that these artificial sweeteners were still safe for consumption.

然而，卡路里控制委员会，即 "代表低卡路里和减卡路里食品和饮料行业的国际协会"，发布的一份声明坚持认为这些人工甜味剂仍然可以安全食用。

The International Sweeteners Association also pushed back on the new guidelines in an emailed statement to The Post.

国际甜味剂协会也在给《纽约邮报》的一份电子邮件声明中对新指南进行了反驳。

“There has been an overwhelming amount of scientific literature supporting low/no calorie sweeteners’ utility for weight management, including the WHO-commissioned systematic review itself,” the organization stated.

该组织表示：“有大量科学文献支持低热量/无热量甜味剂对体重管理的效用，包括世卫组织委托进行的系统审查本身。”

“The International Sweeteners Association believes it is a disservice to not recognize the public health benefits of low/no calorie sweeteners and is disappointed that the WHO’s conclusions are largely based on low certainty evidence from observational studies, which are at high risk of reverse causality.”

国际甜味剂协会认为，不承认低热量/无热量甜味剂对公共健康的益处是一种伤害，并对世卫组织的结论主要基于观察性研究的低确定性证据感到失望，这些研究极有可能出现反向因果关系。

The WHO advised that the new recommendations encompassed “all synthetic and naturally occurring or modified non-nutritive sweeteners that are not classified as sugars found in manufactured foods and beverages, or sold on their own to be added to foods and beverages by consumers.” However, it does not apply to artificial sweeteners that are found in hygiene products, like toothpastes, skin creams or medications.

世卫组织表示，该建议中提到的“非糖甜味剂”包括了所有合成的、天然存在的或经过修饰的非营养性甜味剂，这些甜味剂不属于加工食品和饮料中的糖，也不属于消费者自行添加到食品和饮料的糖。但不适用于牙膏、护肤品、药物等含有非糖甜味剂的卫生产品。

重点词汇：

1.hygiene

英[ˈhaɪdʒiːn]

美[ˈhaɪdʒiːn]

n.卫生;

2.diabetes

英[ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz]

美[ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz]

n.糖尿病; 多尿症;

3.dietary

英[ˈdaɪətəri]

美[ˈdaɪəteri]

adj.饮食的; 有关饮食的; 饮食中的; 膳食中的;

n.食谱; 规定的食物; 规定的食量;

Beijing pilots palm-print subway ticket

不刷卡不扫码，坐地铁可以“刷掌”了

A subway line that links downtown Beijing with Daxing International Airport in the Chinese capital now allows passengers to enter and exit stations by just scanning the palm of their hand. The pilot program was launched on Sunday on the Daxing Airport Express subway line to spare passengers the trouble of swiping a card or scanning a QR code to catch a train, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport said.

连接北京市中心和大兴国际机场的一条地铁线路现在允许乘客只需扫描手掌就可以进出车站。北京市交通委员会表示，该试点项目于周日在大兴机场快线启动，为乘客省去了刷卡或扫描二维码乘车的麻烦。

Any commuter aged 14 and above can first register the print of either palm through a simple, automated process and provide relevant information to authorize the payment gateway of WeChat.

年满14岁的乘客只需在大兴机场线各站自动售票处的刷掌注册机录入掌纹，并在微信小程序“北京地铁刷掌乘车”完成授权后即可开通“刷掌”乘车功能。

"Passengers can just place a palm above the scanning machine when entering or exiting a subway station. The ticket gate will open if the palm scan matches the palm print registered voluntarily," said Zhang Li, an expert at the Beijing Metro Network Control Center.

“乘客进出地铁站时，只需将手掌放在扫描仪上方。如果扫描的掌纹与自愿登记的掌纹相匹配，闸机就会打开，”北京轨道交通指挥中心专家张莉说。

The ticket gates can recognize the user's palm print and veins without contact, which is more hygienic, faster and safer than conventional check-in methods, Zhang said.

张莉表示，闸机可以在不与乘客接触的情况下识别用户的掌纹和掌静脉，比传统的检票方式更卫生、更快捷、更安全。

The fare is automatically deducted after exit. Use of biometric data allows passengers to take subway trains if they do not have cash or when they forget their subway cards.

下车后车票自动扣除。利用生物识别技术，乘客可以在没有现金或忘记带公交卡的情况下乘坐地铁。

The biometric method combines the use of palm print and vein mapping, which are different for every individual. The registration is a one-time process and doesn't require renewal. Data masking and encryption technologies have been applied to protect user information.

“刷掌”属于生物识别方式的一种，采用“掌纹+掌静脉”识别技术，这对每个人来说都是不同的。注册是一次性的，无需更新。“刷掌”乘车服务通过采用数据脱敏和数据加密技术，可有效地保证用户的安全使用。

重点词汇：

biometric

英[ˌbaɪəʊˈmetrɪk]

美[ˌbaɪoʊˈmetrɪk]

adj.生物统计的;