英语新闻｜美国堕胎药物需求量增长

英语新闻｜美国堕胎药物需求量增长

Since the US Supreme Court overturned the federal constitutional right to abortion, demand for medical abortions, done with pills and without the help of a doctor, has risen, an abortion-pill advocacy group says.

美国某堕胎药物倡导组织表示，自从美国最高法院推翻了联邦宪法规定的堕胎权以来，堕胎药物的需求量增加，这种堕胎是在没有医生帮助的情况下使用药丸完成的。

"We have heard from abortion pill providers that they have seen an increase in requests, especially for getting pills now to have on hand just in case," said Elisa Wells, co-founder of Plan C. "We saw traffic (on our website) surge to 209,000 visitors on the day of the decision, up from 3,400 the day before."

C计划的联合创始人伊莉莎·威尔士表示：“我们从堕胎药片供应商那里听说，他们的需求大大增加了，特别是现在需要手头有药来以防万一。我们发现本公司网站的浏览量在美国最高法院作出决定的当天激增至20余万人，比前一天多出了3400人。”

The court's ruling on June 24 immediately created uncertainty about how women could get access to terminations, particularly in states where "trigger laws" took immediate effect after the court's ruling, including Alabama, Kentucky and Utah.

美国最高法院6月24日的裁决当即为女性堕胎权带来不确定性，尤其是在法院裁决后“触发法”立即生效的州，包括阿拉巴马州、肯塔基州和犹他州。

Medication abortion, also known as plan C, is an abortion done with pills that a woman can take without the help of a doctor. However, about 19 states have laws that require a clinician to be present as she takes the medication.

药物流产，也就是C计划，是一种使用药物进行流产的方式，女性可以在没有医生帮助的情况下服用。然而，美国有大约19个州的法律要求女性在服药时临床医生必须在场。

To make the pills work, two drugs, mifepristone and misoprostol, are needed. Mifepristone works by blocking the hormone progesterone, needed for a successful pregnancy. Misoprostol is taken one or two days later and empties the uterus. Misoprostol alone can be used if mifepristone is unavailable.

为了成功堕胎，需要两种药物，即米非司酮和米索前列醇。米非司酮通过阻断怀孕所需的激素黄体酮发挥作用，一到两天后服用米索前列醇将宫腔内的妊娠组织排出子宫。如果没有米非司酮，也可以单独使用米索前列醇。

Last year the Food and Drug Administration removed the longstanding requirement that a woman must obtain mifepristone in person.

去年，美国食品和药物管理局取消了女性必须亲自获取米非司酮的要求。

In the US abortion pills are widely available with a prescription from a doctor or from an online pharmacy. They are safe and effective, studies show. Under federal law, the pills can then be delivered directly to where a person lives.

在美国，堕胎药物可以通过医生处方或在线药店提供。研究表明，这些药物安全有效。根据联邦法律，这些药物可以送货上门。

The pills, approved by the FDA for 20 years, work to terminate a pregnancy of up to 10 weeks. They also work beyond the 10-week mark, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists says.

堕胎药物获得美国食品和药物管理局批准使用已经有20年，该药物可以终止长达10周的妊娠。美国妇产科学院表示，妊娠超过10周也有效。

The pills are 95 to 98 percent effective in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy. They cost from $40 to $750, Planned Parenthood says. But their effectiveness reduces with gestation time.

在怀孕的前10周，堕胎药物的有效率为95%至98%。计划生育协会表示，它们的价格从40美元到750美元不等，但药物有效性会随着妊娠时间的增加而降低。

Women who want to terminate an abortion later in their term can take the pills accompanied by a doctor.

想要在妊娠后期堕胎的女性需要在医生的陪同下服用药物。

In 2020 at least 54 percent of all abortions were done with pills, not surgery, the research organization the Guttmacher Institute says. About 90 percent of abortions take place in the 13 weeks after a woman becomes pregnant.

古特马赫研究所表示，至2020年，至少有54%的堕胎是通过药物而非手术完成的，其中大约90%的堕胎案例发生在女性怀孕后的13周内。

Plan C offers an online US map showing which states have telehealth abortions. It says that women in states with restrictive abortion laws are gaining access to pills in a variety of ways, including buying from other states and getting it delivered.

C计划提供了一张线上美国地图，可显示出哪些州可进行远程医疗堕胎。该地图显示，在有限制性堕胎法的州，女性正在以各种方式获得药物，包括从其他州购买并交付使用。

"It is essential that people know that they can still access medication abortion pills by mail in all states," Wells said.

威尔斯说：“重要的是，人们知道她们仍旧可以在所有州通过邮购的方式获得堕胎药物。”

Some women have been choosing to get the pills from abroad without a prescription. Aid Access, an international telemedicine abortion provider founded by Rebecca Gomperts, a Dutch physician, said it will continue to mail pills to women in all US states.

还有一些女性会选择在没有医生处方的情况下从国外获得堕胎药物。由荷兰医生丽贝卡·冈珀茨创立的国际远程堕胎医疗机构表示，将继续向美国所有州的女性邮寄药物。

Several Republican states, including Kentucky, Oklahoma, Texas and Tennessee, want to restrict access to abortion pills further. President Joe Biden has pledged that he would work to ensure women have access to medication abortions nationwide.

包括肯塔基州、俄克拉荷马州、得克萨斯州和田纳西州在内的几个共和党州希望进一步限制堕胎药物的使用权。美国总统拜登承诺，他将努力确保全国女性都能够获得堕胎药物。

overturn

英[ˌəʊvəˈtɜːn]；美[ˌoʊvərˈtɜːrn]

vt.& vi.（使）翻倒

vt.使垮台，推翻; 撤销（判决等）

advocacy

英[ˈædvəkəsi]；美[ˈædvəkəsi]

n.拥护，支持，主张; 辩护; 游说

termination

英[ˌtɜ:mɪˈneɪʃn]；美[ˌtɜrmɪˈneɪʃn]

n.终止妊娠; 结束; 终止处; 结局

prescription

英[prɪˈskrɪpʃn]；美[prɪˈskrɪpʃn]

n. [医]药方，处方; 处方药; 训令，指示; 法规

pharmacy

英[ˈfɑːməsi]；美[ˈfɑːrməsi]

n.药房; 配药学，药学; 制药业; 一批备用药品

gestation

英[dʒeˈsteɪʃn]；美[dʒɛˈsteʃən]

n.怀孕; 怀孕期; （思想、主意等的）构思、酝酿; 孕育（过程）