4月22日午间英语新闻：个人养老金制度正式出炉

China rolls out private pension plan
个人养老金制度正式出炉

China rolled out a private pension plan on Thursday to complement the nation's current pension system in its latest effort to tackle the strains of an aging population. The plan allows Chinese citizens to contribute up to 12,000 yuan annually to individual pension accounts subject to closed-end management, according to guidelines released by the State Council. The cap would be adjusted according to social and economic development as well as how the country's pension system evolves. 
《国务院办公厅关于推动个人养老金发展的意见》4月21日公布。随着人口老龄化的加剧，推动个人养老金发展，是对基本养老保险的有效补充。意见规定，个人养老金实行个人账户制度，实行封闭运行，每年缴纳个人养老金的上限为12000元，未来还会根据经济社会发展水平和多层次、多支柱养老保险体系发展情况等因素适时调整缴费上限。

Funds in the accounts can be used to purchase financial products of relatively lower risk and a longer-term investment horizon, according to the guidelines. The government will offer tax incentives to encourage participation in the new system. 
意见规定，个人养老金资金账户资金可用于购买风险相对较低、投资期限较长的金融产品。国家制定税收优惠政策，鼓励符合条件的人员参加个人养老金制度。

重点词汇
1、an aging population
人口老龄化

China adopts law on futures and derivatives
期货和衍生品法8月1日起施行

Chinese lawmakers on Wednesday voted to adopt a law on futures and derivatives to better protect investors' interests and develop the futures market in favor of the real economy. The law, which will take effect on Aug 1, was approved at a session of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature. 
4月20日，十三届全国人大常委会第三十四次会议表决通过《中华人民共和国期货和衍生品法》(以下简称“期货法”)，自2022年8月1日起施行。期货和衍生品法的出台，为保护投资者权益，推动期货市场更好服务实体经济提供了强有力的法律保障。

China's financial derivatives market, one of the largest in the world, requires a law specifically made for its regulation, said Li Zhengqiang, a researcher at the University of International Business and Economics. China's futures market posted record-setting trading volume and turnover in 2021, which stood at 7.51 billion lots and 581.2 trillion yuan, respectively, data from the China Futures Association showed.
对外经济贸易大学国际经贸学院研究员李正强认为，我国作为全球规模最大的商品衍生品市场，必须要有一部专门法律加强监管。中国期货业协会数据显示，2021年全市场累计成交量、成交额均创下历史新高，分别为75.14亿手、581.20万亿元。

重点词汇
1、derivative
英 [dɪˈrɪvətɪv]  美 [dɪˈrɪvətɪv] 
n. 派生物，衍生物；派生词；（金融）衍生工具（产品）；导数，微商
adj. 非独创的，模仿他人的；（金融产品）衍生的

2、turnover
英 [ˈtɜːnəʊvə(r)]  美 [ˈtɜːrnoʊvər] 
n. （一定时期内的）营业额，成交量；（商店的）货物周转率，销售比率；人事变动率，人员流动率；半圆馅饼（用水果、肉类或蔬菜做馅）；<美>（比赛中的）易手，失误
adj. 翻过来的，可翻转的

Preliminary findings on plane crash released
东航MU5735事故调查初步报告公布

China's civil aviation regulator on Wednesday gave a briefing on a preliminary investigation of the China Eastern Airlines passenger plane crash in March. The report contains information about the plane's flight history, crew and maintenance personnel, maintenance, wreckage distribution and other issues, the Civil Aviation Administration of China said in a statement. 
4月20日，中国民航局公布“3 21”东航MU5735航空器飞行事故调查初步报告，报告主要包括飞行经过、机组机务人员、适航维修、残骸分布等事实信息。

The report reveals the flight's crew and maintenance personnel met standards and the plane's airworthiness certificate was valid. There were no items on board that had been declared as dangerous goods, nor any forecasts of dangerous weather. Before the plane deviated from cruising altitude, radio communications between the crew and air traffic control did not show any abnormality. The investigation team will continue with its work, which includes debris inspection and flight-data analysis, to find the cause of the accident.
报告称，经调查，当班飞行机组、客舱机组和维修放行人员资质符合要求；事故航空器适航证件有效；机上无申报为危险品的货物；飞行涉及的航路沿途无危险天气预报；在偏离巡航高度前，机组与空管部门的无线电通信和管制指挥未见异常。后续，技术调查组将继续深入开展残骸识别、分类及检查、飞行数据分析等调查工作，科学严谨查明事故原因。

重点词汇
1、personnel
英 [ˌpɜːsəˈnel]  美 [ˌpɜːrsəˈnel] 
n. （公司、组织或军队中的）全体人员，员工；人事部门
adj. 人员的，有关人事的

2、wreckage
英 [ˈrekɪdʒ]  美 [ˈrekɪdʒ] 
n. 残货，残骸；（计划等失败或遭到破坏后的）残余；（船只等的）失事

3、airworthiness

英 [ˈeəwɜːðinəs]  美 [ˈerwɜːrðinəs]
n. [航] 适航性；耐飞性

4、abnormality
英 [ˌæbnɔːˈmæləti]  美 [ˌæbnɔːrˈmæləti]
n. 异常；畸形，变态

5、debris
英 [ˈdebriː]  美 [dəˈbriː] 
n. 残骸，碎片

IMF cuts global growth forecast
IMF下调今年全球经济增速预期至3.6%

The International Monetary Fund on Tuesday slashed global growth forecasts for 2022 to 3.6 percent amid the Russia-Ukraine conflict, 0.8 percentage points lower than the January projection, according to its newly released World Economic Outlook report. 
根据国际货币基金组织（IMF）最新发布《世界经济展望报告》，受俄乌冲突影响，4月19日该机构将2022年全球经济增长预期下调至3.6%，较1月份预测值下调0.8个百分点。

The Ukraine crisis unfolds while the global economy is "on a mending path" but has not yet fully recovered from the COVID-19 pandemic, the report said, noting global economic prospects have worsened "significantly" since the forecast in January. The latest report said the Russia-Ukraine conflict, monetary tightening, financial market volatility and the pandemic would shape the near-term global outlook.
IMF报告指出，乌克兰危机爆发之际，全球经济正“走在复苏的道路上”，但尚未从疫情中完全恢复，自1月份做出预测以来，全球经济前景已经“明显”恶化。最新报告称，俄乌冲突、货币紧缩和金融市场动荡，以及新冠疫情将影响全球经济短期前景。

重点词汇
1、unfold
英 [ʌnˈfəʊld]  美 [ʌnˈfoʊld] 
v. 打开，展开；呈现，逐渐明朗；发生，发展

2、mend
英 [mend]  美 [mend] 
v. 复苏；愈合，痊愈；缝补，修补；修理；弥合（分歧），解决（争端）；（给火）添燃料
n. 好转，复苏；修理过的地方，补丁

3、volatility
英 [ˌvɒləˈtɪləti]  美 [ˌvɑːləˈtɪləti] 
n. 波动性；易变，活泼；挥发性

4、near-term
英 ['niətə:m]  美 ['niətə:m] 
adj. 近期的；短期的