3月28日午间英语新闻：东京学校废止苛刻着装规范

中国日报网双语精讲课重磅首发，更有100门外语课无限畅听，》》》》了解详情《《《《《

欢迎订阅主播“中国日报网”在喜马拉雅上的【China Daily 英语新闻】和【24节气英语说】两个专辑，通过我们的节目，不错过世界上发生的趣事！（未经授权，请勿转载）

Tokyo schools drop controversial dress code

东京学校废止苛刻着装规范

For decades, being a student in Tokyo meant you had to look a certain way. Under the public school system's dress code, all students had to dye their hair black, certain hairstyles were prohibited and even underwear had to be a designated color. But these rules, which have recently come under scrutiny and criticized as outdated, will now be abolished, the city's authorities announced last week. 

过去几十年，在东京上学意味着你的着装必须符合规范。根据东京公立学校的着装规范，所有学生都必须把头发染成黑色，不准留特定发型，甚至连内衣也必须穿指定的颜色。这些规范最近受到质疑并被批过时，东京政府部门上周宣布将废止这些规范。

A total of five rules will be dropped by nearly 200 public schools across the Japanese capital, including regulations on underwear color and a ban on "two block" hairstyles, which are long on top and short at the back and sides -- a style in fashion in many countries.
东京各地近200所公立学校将有5条着装规定被废止，包括头发和内衣颜色方面的规范，以及对“二分区式”发型的禁令。这种发型前面长，两边和后面短，眼下在许多国家都很流行。

重点词汇

1、designate
英 [ˈdezɪɡneɪt]  美 [ˈdezɪɡneɪt] 
v. 把……定名为，把……描述为；任命，指定；标明，标示
adj. 已当选而尚未上任的

Wealth gap widens in US

美国贫富差距进一步扩大

The roaring stock market and crypto gains created more than a million new millionaires in the US last year, according to a new report. The number of Americans with $1 million or more in investible assets surged to a record 14.6 million in 2021, up from 13.3 million in 2020 according to a report from wealth research firm Spectrem Group. 
新报告称，去年的股市繁荣和加密货币升值在美国新创造出100多万个百万富翁。财富调研公司斯佩特兰集团的报告指出，2021年，可投资资产超百万美元的美国人数量从2020年的1330万人飙升至创纪录的1460万人。

The growth rate of over 10 percent was the strongest in years, boosted by trillions of dollars in wealth created by the stock market, crypto and other assets. Gains at the top also widened the wealth gap in the US. The share of wealth held by the top 1 percent grew to a record 32 percent last year, according to the Fed.
超10%的百万富翁增长率是近年来最高的，这得益于股市、加密货币和其他资产创造的数万亿美元财富。顶级富豪财富的增长也扩大了美国的贫富差距。美联储的数据显示，最富有的1%美国人拥有的财富在去年增长至创纪录的32%。

重点词汇

1、roaring

英 [ˈrɔːrɪŋ]  美 [ˈrɔːrɪŋ] 
adj. （疼痛、愤怒时）吼叫的，喧闹的；（自然现象）呼啸的，轰鸣的；（火）熊熊燃烧的；（古）放纵的；兴旺的；（非正式）十足的
adv. 非常，极其
n. 咆哮，吼声；（马）吼喘（一种疾病）
v. （常指车辆）呼啸疾驰；吼叫；咆哮；哄笑，大笑（roar的现在分词）

2、crypto
英 [ˈkrɪptəʊ]  美 [ˈkrɪptoʊ]
n. 加密；秘密赞同者；秘密党员

3、investible
[in'vestəbl] 
adj. 可供投资的；可用于投资的

Scientists breed youngest human cells
科学家诱导出人类全能干细胞

A team of researchers from China, Britain and Bangladesh converted pluripotent stem cells, or an "adult" version of early embryonic cells, back to a more "juvenile" version of cells with developmental potential, tantamount to fertilized eggs in their day 3 developmental stage. Totipotent 8-cell stage embryo-like cells recreate the embryonic state of a fertilized egg after only three divisions, making them the youngest human cells acquired in vitro ever known, Li Wenjuan from the Chinese Academy of Sciences said. 
由中国、英国和孟加拉国的科学家组成的研究团队将人类多能干细胞，即“成年”版本的早期胚胎细胞，转化成具有发育潜力的、更“年轻”的干细胞 ，即相当于受精卵发育3天状态的全能干细胞。中国科学院的李文娟博士表示，这些全能性的8细胞期胚胎样细胞重建了受精卵仅分裂3次后的胚胎状态，这是迄今为止在体外诱导获得的“最年轻”的人类细胞。

Cells described as "totipotent" mean that they have the potential to create all types of cells within embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues, according to researchers. "These cells can not only differentiate into placental tissue but also potentially develop into more mature organs," Li said. Ethical review had given clearance to the relevant study.
据介绍，全能性细胞意味着它们有潜力分化出胚胎和胚胎外组织中所有类型的细胞。李文娟博士说，这种细胞可以分化为胎盘组织，并可能发育为更成熟的各类身体组织。该研究已通过伦理审查。

重点词汇
1、 pluripotent
英 [ˌplʊərɪˈpəʊt(ə)nt]  美 [pluə'ripətənt] 
adj. 多能（性）的

pluripotent stem cells
全能干细胞

2、embryonic

英 [ˌembriˈɒnɪk]  美 [ˌembriˈɑːnɪk]
adj. [胚] 胚胎的；似胚胎的

3、totipotent
英 [təʊˈtɪpətənt]  美 [toʊˈtɪpətənt]
adj. （细胞等）[生物] 全能的

Expert warns against hand dryers in public restrooms
公厕里烘手机会加剧病毒传播

According to the Harvard Health blog, a 2018 study by the University of Connecticut and Quinnipiac University found exposure to hot hand dryers exponentially grew bacteria colonies within a matter of seconds. "Every time a lidless toilet is flushed, it aerosolizes a fine mist of microbes. This fecal cloud may disperse over an area as large as 6 square meters,” Harvard Health stated. 

哈佛健康博客显示，康涅狄格大学和昆尼皮亚克大学2018年的一项研究发现，使用热风烘手机在短短数秒内就能以指数级的速度滋生出细菌菌落。哈佛健康指出：“无盖马桶每次冲水，含有细菌的气雾就会升腾而起。这些含有粪便细菌的气雾可扩散至6平方米远。

This means each time someone flushes a toilet, particles of fecal bacteria spread through the air. When the bacteria come in contact with a hot hand dryer, they multiply. The best way to dry your hands and prevent bacteria from surviving on them is to use a paper towel.
”这意味着每当有人冲马桶，粪便细菌颗粒就会通过空气传播。当细菌接触到烘手机的热风后，就会成倍滋生。把手弄干同时防止细菌在手上存活的最佳办法就是用纸巾擦手。

重点词汇
1、exponentially
英 [ˌekspəˈnenʃəli]  美 [ˌekspəˈnenʃəli] 
dv. 以指数方式；按指数律地

2、aerosolize
英 [ˈeərəsɒlˌaɪz] 
v. （使）成气雾状喷洒，成气溶胶状喷洒

3、lidless
英 [ˈlɪdlɪs]  美 [ˈlɪdlɪs] 
adj. 无盖的；注视的；无眼睑的

4、fecal
英 [ˈfiːkl]  美 [ˈfiːkl] 
adj. 排泄物的；残渣的；糟粕的