第1413期:What makes a good interview

Chat shows are the staple of late-night entertainment TV in many countries. 聊天节目是许多国家深夜娱乐电视的主要内容。
The US has some of the most famous hosts and the shows are syndicated worldwide.美国有一些最著名的主持人，这些节目在全球范围内联合举办。
Jon Stewart does comedy; Oprah Winfrey goes for heartfelt conversation. 乔恩·斯图尔特演喜剧；奥普拉·温弗瑞 (Oprah Winfrey) 进行了真诚的交谈。
But what makes a good interview? Is it catching the guest off guard? 但是什么才是好的面试呢？是不是让客人措手不及？
Will they reveal something more personal - some juicy gossip that will have us chatting away on social media?他们会透露一些更私人的东西——一些让我们在社交媒体上闲聊的多汁八卦吗？
Larry King is a veteran. 拉里金是个老手。
For more than 25 years he's been hosting nightly shows in which he interviews movie stars, politicians and ordinary people, who are thrown into the spotlight. 25 多年来，他一直在主持夜间节目，采访电影明星、政治家和普通民众，这些人被抛到了聚光灯下。
And the secret to getting the best out of an interviewee? King says: "If you ask good questions and elicit thoughtful answers then you learn more about the person. 让受访者发挥最大潜能的秘诀是什么？金说：“如果你提出好的问题并引出深思熟虑的答案，那么你就会更多地了解这个人。
If the interview's hard – if I begin by saying: 'Why did you do that?' I'd make you defensive. 如果面试很难——如果我开始说：“你为什么这样做？”我会让你防守。
That may be thrilling television, but you don't learn a lot."那可能是令人兴奋的电视节目，但你并没有学到很多东西。”
King adds that he's learned that the more he draws back, listens to the answers, and cares about the guest the more he gets from the person. 金补充说，他了解到，他越退缩，倾听答案，关心客人，他从对方那里得到的就越多。
"You make the camera disappear", he says.“你让相机消失了”，他说。
Another thing Larry King does is ask open questions. 拉里金做的另一件事是提出开放性问题。
He explains: "I don't want a 'no'. I don't want a 'yes'. 他解释说：“我不想要‘不’。我不想要‘是’。
I want a 'why'. So in other words, I want to be a little kind of dumb, I ask "What do you mean by that?'"我想要一个“为什么”。所以换句话说，我想变得有点笨，我问“你这是什么意思？”
Being amiable, courteous and curious about the person in front of them – maybe that's what makes a good chat show host. 和蔼可亲、彬彬有礼、对面前的人充满好奇——也许这就是一个好的聊天节目主持人的原因。
Their biggest talent is making the guest feel at ease. 他们最大的天赋是让客人感到轻松自在。
Another famous American host, David Letterman, seems to know it. 另一位著名的美国主持人大卫莱特曼似乎也知道这一点。
He once said: "I cannot sing, dance or act; what else would I be but a talk show host." 他曾说：“我不会唱歌、不会跳舞、不会演戏，除了脱口秀主持人我还能做什么。”
Good idea: let others do the singing – just make them relax and they'll tell us everything!好主意：让别人唱歌——让他们放松一下，他们会告诉我们一切！

词汇表
chat show     访谈节目
staple     主要的，常规的
a host (noun)     主持人
to syndicate     把（电视广播节目）给媒体机构（以供播放）
heartfelt      真心实意的，诚挚的
to catch (somebody) off guard     乘人不备，使人措手不及
juicy gossip 八卦，    花边新闻
to be thrown into the spotlight     成为公众焦点
to elicit     引出，套出
defensive     辩解的，防卫的，保护的
thrilling     令人兴奋的、激动的
to draw back     后退，不咄咄逼人
open question / closed question     开放性问题/封闭性问题
dumb     笨的，傻的
amiable     和蔼可亲的，友好温和的
courteous     有礼貌的，客气的
to feel at ease     感到放松的