12月30日午间英语新闻：本世纪末1500种语言或将不再使用？

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Plan on digitalization, networking of manufacturing
'十四五'智能制造发展规划发布

China will see 70% of its major manufacturing firms basically digitalized and networked by 2025, according to a development plan on smart manufacturing. The plan, issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments on Tuesday, also states that all of China's manufacturing firms above a designated size will be digitalized and connected by 2035. China will also build more than 500 industry-leading smart-manufacturing demonstration plants by 2025, according to the plan. 
12月28日，工业和信息化部等部门联合对外发布《"十四五"智能制造发展规划》，明确提出，到2025年，70%的规模以上制造业企业基本实现数字化网络化，建成500个以上引领行业发展的智能制造示范工厂；到2035年，规模以上制造业企业全面普及数字化网络化。

Although China's smart manufacturing has progressed from the pilot test phase to application, it still lags behind the standard of high-quality development. The plan proposes a range of special actions, including innovation, application, supply and support, to advance the development of smart manufacturing.  
当前，我国智能制造发展已由试点示范转向深化应用的新阶段，但与制造业高质量发展的要求相比，仍存在差距。《规划》从创新、应用、供给和支撑4个方面，提出了"十四五"推动智能制造发展的主要任务。

重点词汇
1、designated
英 /ˈdezɪɡneɪtɪd/  美 /ˈdezɪɡneɪtɪd/ 
adj. 指定的，标出的
vt. 把……定名为，把……描述为；任命，指定；标明，标示
（designate的过去式和过去分词）

Work-relief programs to benefit greatly in 2022
2022年以工代赈中央资金提前下达

China's National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the Ministry of Finance have allocated 4.05 billion yuan from the 2022 central government funding to support programs that provide work for people in need as a form of relief, the commission said Tuesday. The advance allocation will mobilize 500 million yuan worth of local government funding, support over 1,200 work-relief programs, and help stabilize employment and increase income for nearly 100,000 rural residents who have shed poverty, and low-income earners, said a statement on the NDRC website. 12月28日，据国家发展改革委网站发布消息称，近日，国家发展改革委联合财政部提前下达2022年中央财政衔接推进乡村振兴补助资金以工代赈任务计划40.5亿元，撬动地方各类资金约5亿元，支持地方实施以工代赈项目1200余个，将带动近10万农村脱贫群众和低收入人口等重点群体稳就业、促增收。

More support will go to Henan, Shanxi, and other provinces hardest hit by torrential rains and floods this year. Rural residents who have shed poverty and low-income earners will be encouraged to participate in these work-relief programs to help them find jobs and boost incomes in places close to their homes. 
本批计划加大对河南、山西等今年受暴雨洪涝灾害影响较重的省份支持力度，鼓励农村脱贫群众和低收入人口等重点群体参与以工代赈工程项目建设，在家门口实现就业增收。

重点词汇
1、work-relief program
以工代赈项目

China leads world in 4 scientific fields
中国四个领域科技论文被引次数世界第一

China is leading the world in four scientific fields in terms of the total number of citations generated by the country's international academic papers published over the past decade, according to annual reports published on Monday by the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China. These four fields are materials science, chemistry, engineering technology and computer science, with computer science being added to the list this year, the report said. Last year, China published 1,833 research papers and articles in 15 of the world's top scientific publications, including Nature, Science and Cell. This feat placed China two spots higher on the rankings than in 2019, reaching second place behind the United States. 
中国科学技术信息研究所12月27日发布的年度报告显示，2011至2021年，中国有四个领域的国际论文被引次数排名世界第一位。这四个领域是材料、化学、计算机科学和工程技术，其中，计算机科学为今年新入榜领域。2020年，我国在《自然》、《科学》、《细胞》等15种世界顶尖学术期刊上发表学术论文和文章1833篇，排在世界第二位，比2019年上升2位，美国排第一位。

Last year, Chinese scientists co-wrote around 144,500 scientific papers, 14,400 more than in 2019, with collaborators from 169 countries and regions. China's total number of co-authored papers increased by 11.1 percent in 2020 compared with the previous year, with the US being China's biggest partner in scientific literature.
2020年中国发表的国际论文中，国际合著论文为14.45万篇，比2019年增加1.44万篇，增长11.1%。合作伙伴涉及169个国家和地区，美国是中国最大的科研合作伙伴。

重点词汇
1、citation
英 /saɪˈteɪʃn/  美 /saɪˈteɪʃn/ 
n. 引文，引语；传唤，传票；表彰，嘉奖状；引用，引证

2、collaborator
英 /kəˈlæbəreɪtə(r)/  美 /kəˈlæbəreɪtər/ 
n.  (尤指著书或进行研究时的) 合作者；勾结者；通敌者

1,500 languages could be lost
研究：本世纪末1500种语言或不再使用

By the end of this century, an estimated 1,500 languages will have disappeared forever across the world, according to a new study. Unveiling the findings in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution, researchers warned that of the world's 7,000 recognized languages, around half are endangered. The study was led by the Australian National University. The study found that greater road density was linked to higher risk of endangerment. 
澳大利亚国立大学的最新研究表明，到本世纪末，据估计全球有1500种语言将不再被使用。研究结果发表在《自然生态与进化》杂志上。研究人员警告说，在全世界7000种公认的语言中，约有一半目前处于濒危状态。研究发现，路网密度越大，语言消失的风险就越大。

Greater endangerment was also associated with higher average years of schooling, suggesting that formal education contributes to loss of language diversity. The study found that unless there is intervention, the world could lose at least one language per month. The authors recommended "urgent investment" in community-based programs like bilingual education programs and language documentation.
平均受教育年限更长也会使语言消失的风险加大，这表明正规教育导致了语言多样性的丧失。研究表明，如果不立即干预，全球每个月或将至少有一种语言消失。研究报告作者建议"紧急投资"双语教育项目和语言文献等社区项目。

重点词汇
1、endangerment
英 /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəmənt/  
美 /ɪnˈdeɪndʒərmənt/ 
n. 危害，受到危害

2、schooling

英 /ˈskuːlɪŋ/  美 /ˈskuːlɪŋ/

n. 学校教育；学费；（马术）训练马在平地比赛（或跨越障碍）

v. 教育，培养；训练，使学会（school 的现在分词形式）