英语听力每日五分钟（美文篇）25

025 Stay Away From Bad Habits

We all know what a bad habit is. Smoking, eating unhealthy foods and being lazy are just some of the behaviors we ought to avoid in order to increase our overall well-being. Yet a recent study by scientists at the centers for disease control and prevention, found that avoidable behaviors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking and drinking alcohol, were some of the underlying causes of nearly half of the deaths in the United States. 
我们都知道什么是坏习惯。为了让自己更健康，我们需要改掉一些坏习惯，比如吸烟，好吃懒做，等等。然而，疾控中心的科学家们最近的一项研究表明，在美国，将近一半的死亡，是由饮食不健康、缺乏锻炼、吸烟、饮酒等习惯引起的，而这些坏习惯其实是可以避免的。


Tobacco accounted for eighteen point one percent of total deaths. Inactivity and bad eating sixteen point six percent and alcohol consumption three point five percent. If we know bad habits are so detrimental to our health, why do we continue to do that? We all indulge in behaviors that we know aren't good for us, and the main reason we resort to these behaviors, is because bad habits give us the comfort we need. 
因吸烟而死的人，占总死亡人数的18.1%。因不运动和饮食不健康而死的人，占总死亡人数的16.6%。因饮酒而死的人，占总死亡人数的3.5%。既然我们知道坏习惯对健康有害，为什么我们还要去做这些事情？我们都沉迷于对自己有害的坏习惯，主要的原因就是，我们需要舒适，而这些坏习惯满足了这个需要。


When it comes to making decisions, your brain can't differentiate good from bad. It only knows comfortable and uncomfortable. Every action you take has a purpose behind it, even if you're not consciously aware of what that purpose is. The most common hidden purpose is comfort. Our brains are wired to be reward-based and our reward is the feeling of comfort that in turn triggers a release of dopamine, called the feel-good hormone. 
做决定时，你的大脑无法明辨是非，它只知道什么是舒服的，什么是不舒服的。你的每个举动，背后都有目的，尽管有可能你并不知道这个目的是什么。最常见的潜在目的，就是舒适。我们的大脑都是遵从奖励制度的，我们所得到的奖励，就是那种舒适的感觉，这种感觉会带来多巴胺，一种能让我们感到快乐的荷尔蒙。


When you bite into a chocolate chip cookie you get a hit of dopamine. When you get a like on instagram you get a hit of dopamine. The hit of pleasure causes us to crave more and so we associate this good feeling with the bad habit. This explains why we continue to indulge in bad habits and find it so difficult to stop. It feels comfortable and we essentially get to exist in our safe zone. In other words, you get attracted to the reward despite knowing it's bad for you. 
当你咬一口巧克力饼干时，你会得到多巴胺。当你在Instagram上收到一个赞时，你会得到多巴胺。多巴胺带来的快乐，会让我们渴望得到更多，所以我们会把快乐的感觉和坏习惯联系起来，这就是我们沉迷于坏习惯且无法自拔的原因。这让我们感到舒服，从本质上看，我们其实是走进了舒适区。也就是说，虽然你知道坏习惯对你有害，但是你还是被它带来的舒服感觉所吸引。