J_00795_ch21401

Lesson Fourteen
The Listener
John Berry
 Learning Guide
　　一位几乎与世隔绝的八旬灯塔看管人，与一位三流小提琴手不期而遇。小提琴手为了躲避即将来临的暴风雨，来到老人的灯塔里，受到热诚的欢迎与款待。灯塔之外狂风怒号，掀起阵阵巨浪；灯塔内，老人从容不迫地履行自己的职责，泰然自若地与客人交谈。小提琴手端详着老人，情不自禁地拿出他心爱的乐器，在汹涌澎湃的暴风雨伴奏之下，为老人演奏了贝多芬的名曲。从未见过小提琴，不知音乐为何物的老人频频点头，完全理解乐曲反映出的思想感情，小提琴手找到了知音。
1. Once there was a little concert violinist named Rudolf, who lived in Sweden. ①Some of his friends thought he was not the best of musicians  because he was restless; others thought he was restless because he was not the best of musicians. ②At any rate, he hit upon a way of making a living, with no competitors. ③Whether by choice or necessity, he used to sail about Scandinavia in his small boat, all alone, giving concerts in little seaport towns. ④If he found an accompanist, well and good; if not, he played works for unaccompanied violin; and ⑤it happened once or twice that he wanted a piano so badly that he imagined one, and then he played whole sonatas for violin and piano, with no piano in sight.

　　① Some of his friends thought he was not the best of musicians because he was restless; others thought he was restless because he was not the best of musicians.
　　　他的一些朋友认为他之所以成不了一流乐手是因为他不安分，另一些朋友觉得，正因为他不是一流乐手，他才不安分。 
　　　Some of his friends thought he could not play the violin very well because he was restless; others thought he was restless because he was not an excellent violinist, and could never settle down. 
　　② At any rate , he hit upon a way of making a living, with no competitors. 
　　　无论是哪种情况，反正他想出了一个没有竞争对手的谋生之路。 
　　　Whatever the case may be, he found a way to support himself and nobody competed with him. 
　　③ Whether by choice or necessity, he used to sail about Scandinavia in his small boat, all alone, giving concerts in little seaport towns. 
　　　或许是他乐意这样做，或许是没有别的办法，他常常独自驾驶小舟到斯堪的纳维亚地区海边小镇进行演出。 
　　　Whether he was willing to do so or compelled to do so to support himself, he used to sail about Scandinavia in his small boat by himself with no other companions, giving concerts in little seaport towns. 
　　④ If he found an accompanist, well and good; if not, he played works for unaccompanied violin。 
　　　If he could find a person to play the piano with him, that was all too good to him; if he couldn't , he would play works that did not need a piano. 
　　⑤ …it happened once or twice that he wanted a piano so badly that he imagined one, and then he played whole sonatas for violin and piano with no piano in sight. 
　　　有一两次他特别想有钢琴伴奏，只好假想有，居然在眼前根本没有钢琴的情况下，演奏了整部小提琴和钢琴协奏曲。 
　　　Sometimes he felt a great need to play a piece of music that needs piano, then he imagined there was a piano and played whole sonatas for violin and piano while there was actually no piano at all.
2. ①One year Rudolf sailed all the way out to Iceland and began working his way around that rocky coast from one town to another. ②It was a hard, stubborn land; but people in those difficult places do not forget the law of hospitality to the stranger — for their God may decree that they too shall become strangers on the face of the earth. The audiences were small, ③and even if Rudolf had been really first-rate, they would not have been very demonstrative. ④From ancient times their energy had gone, first of all, into earnest toil. ⑤Sometimes the local schoolteacher, who reminded them of their duty to the names of Beethoven and Bach and Mozart and one or two others whose music perhaps was not much heard in those parts, collected them. ⑥Too often people sat stolidly watching the noisy little fiddler, and went home feeling gravely edified. But they paid.


　　① One year Rudolf sailed all the way out to Iceland and began working his way around the rocky coast from one town to another. 
　　　有一年，鲁道夫驾船一直抵达遥远的冰岛，开始艰难地环绕那岩石密布的海岸，从一个城镇到另一个城镇巡回演出。 
　　　Once Rudolf traveled far to Iceland and began moving slowly and with great effort around the rocky coast from one town to another. 
　　② It was a hard, stubborn land, but people in those difficult places do not forget the law of hospitality to the stranger－for their God may decree that they too shall become strangers on the face of the earth. 
　　　这是一片坚硬、难以开发的土地；不过那些艰苦地方的人们对初来乍到的人并没有忘记自己的待客之道——因为说不定哪天命运也会把他们带到陌生的地方。 
　　　It was a poor land where it was difficult to make a living, but people in those areas never forgot to be kind and friendly to strangers because they knew that their God may one day demand them to become strangers in some foreign lands. 
　　③ …and even if Rudolf has been really first-rate, they would not have been very demonstrative.
　　　…even if Rudolf has been really a very good violinist, they would not show that they were impressed by his music.( They would not show much enthusiasm in his music.) 
　　④ From ancient times their energy had gone, first of all, into earnest toil. 
　　　自古以来，他们首先必须辛勤劳动。
　　　Throughout history, people there had put all their energy into hard work trying to make a living from the poor land.
　　⑤ Sometimes the local schoolteacher, who reminded them of their duty to the names of Beethoven and Bach and Mozart and one or two others whose music perhaps was not much heard in those parts, collected them. 
　　　当地的那位教书先生有时让他们聚在一起，给他们演奏一些曲子，让他们知道世界上有伟大的音乐家贝多芬、巴赫、莫扎特以及其作品当地老百姓不太熟悉的其他一两位音乐家。 
　　　To let the people there know something about the music of great musicians such as Beethoven, Bach and Mozart, the local schoolteacher would bring them together to listen to the violinist. 
　　⑥ Too often people sat stolidly watching the noisy fiddler, and went home feeling gravely edified. But they paid. 
　　　演奏时，听众常常是呆若木鸡地瞅着那唧唧喳喳的乐手；散场回家时，他们觉得受到深刻教育。 
　　　Very often people could not quite understand his music and they just sat there showing no emotions while Rudolf played the music. When they went home, they felt they had been morally and spiritually improved as they did what they asked for. But they always paid Rudolf for the concert.
3. As Rudolf was sailing from one town to the next ①along a sparsely settled shore, the northeast turned black and menacing. ②A storm was bearing down upon Iceland. ③Rudolf was rounding a bleak, dangerouscape, and his map told him that the nearest harbor was half a day's journey away. He was starting to worry when he saw, less than a mile off shore, a lighthouse on a tiny rock island. At the base of the lighthouse was a deep, narrow cove, protected by cliffs. ④With some difficulty, in the rising seas, he put in there and moored to an iron ring that hung from the cliff. ⑤A flight of stairs, cut in the rock, led up to the lighthouse. ⑥On top of the cliff, outlined against the scudding clouds, stood a man.


　　① ...along a sparsely-settled shore.
　　　along a shore where there were very few people living.
　　② A storm was bearing down upon Iceland. 
　　　一场暴风雨就要袭击冰岛了。 
　　　A storm was moving quickly toward Iceland.
　　③ Rudolf was rounding a bleak, dangerous cape and his map told him that the nearest harbor was half a day's journey.
　　　此时鲁道夫正在一处荒凉、险要的海角行驶，据地图所示，他离最近的港口也有半天的航程。 
　　　Rudolf was sailing around a desolate, dangerous cape and his map showed him to reach the nearest harbor in his small boat would take at least half a day. 
　　④ With some difficulty, in the rising seas, he put in there and moored to an iron ring that hung from the cliff. 
　　　风急浪高，他好不容易靠岸，把船系泊于悬挂在峭壁上的铁环上。 
　　　With difficulties in rising waves of the sea, he steered his boat into the cove and tired it to a metal ring that was stuck in the rocks. 
　　⑤ A flight of stairs, cut in the rock, led up to the lighthouse. 
　　　在岩石上开凿出来的节节台阶一直通到灯塔。
　　　These steps leading to the lighthouse had been cut into the rock. 
　　⑥ On top of the cliff, outlined against the scudding clouds, stood a man. 
　　　在翻滚乌云的衬托之下，悬崖顶上站着一个人。
　　　On top of the cliff, stood a man behind whom clouds moving swiftly. 
　　
4. ①“You are welcome!” the voice boomed over the sound of the waves that were already beginning to break over the island.


5. Darkness fell quickly. The lighthouse keeper led his guest up the spiral stairs to the living room on the third floor, ②then busied himself in preparation for the storm. ③Above all, he had to attend to the great lamp in the tower, that dominated the whole region. ④It was a continuous light, intensified by reflectors, and eclipsed by shutters at regular intervals. The duration of light was equal to that of darkness.


　　① “You are welcome!” the voice boomed over the sound of the waves that were already beginning to break over the island. 
　　　“You are welcome!” The man's deep voice reverberated in the sky, louder than the noisy waves that were beginning to flow across the rocks. 
　　② …then busied himself in preparation for the storm. ……
　　　…then became busy preparing for the storm. 
　　③ Above all, he had to attend to the great lamp in the town, that dominated the whole region. 
　　　压倒一切的任务是，他要负责照管好塔顶上的那盏统帅着全区的巨灯。 
　　　The most important thing he should do is to make sure that the great lamp would stay lit during the storm. The light covered the whole region. 
　　④ It was a continuous light, intensified by reflectors, and eclipsed by shutters at regular intervals. The duration of light was equal to that of darkness. 
　　　那是一盏持续发光的灯，反射器使其更亮，百叶窗定时开合，使其时亮时暗，亮与暗的时间相等。 
　　　The light shone without stopping. It became stronger by reflectors and was cut off by shutters. The shutters opened and closed regularly so that the light was now on and now covered. Light and darkness altered exactly at the same length of time.
6. The lighthouse keeper was a huge old man with a grizzled beard that came down over his chest. ①Slow, deliberate, bearlike, he moved without wasted motion about the limited world of which he was the master. ②He spoke little, as if words had not much importance compared to the other forces that comprised his life. Yet he was equable, as those elements were not.


　　① Slow, deliberate,bearlike, he moved without wasted motion about the limited world of which he was the master. 
　　　他像一只熊，行动缓慢、沉着稳重，在自己主宰的那个小天地里，活动自如，没有一个动作是多余的。 
　　　The old man was big and strong. He moved round the lighthouse slowly and unhurriedly as if every move was carefully thought about before he made it. The lighthouse was his world that he knew every inch of it. 
　　② He spoke little, as if words had not much importance compared to the other forces that comprised his life. Yet he was equable, as those elements were not. 
　　　他话不多，好像话语没有构成他生活的大自然的力量重要，不过他很稳重，平和，而那些力量却并非如此。 
　　　He was a man of few words. With the force of nature that he lived with, words seemed unimportant at all. He was calm and gentle, very different from those forces of nature he lived with all around--the changeable and violent wind, storm and thunder.
7. After the supper of black bread and boiled potatoes, fish, cheese and hot tea, which they took in the kitchen above the living room, ①the two men sat and contemplated each other's presence. Above them was the maintenance room, and above that ②the great lamp spoke majestic, silent messages of light to the ships at sea. ③The storm hammered like a battering ram on the walls of the lighthouse. Rudolf offered tobacco, feeling suddenly immature as he did so. The old man smiled a little as he declined it by a slight movement of the head; ④it was as if he knew well the uses of tobacco and the need for offering it, and affirmed it all, yet — here he, too, was halfway apologetic — was self-contained and without need of anything that was not already within his power. ⑤And he sat there, gentle and reflective, his great workman hands resting on outspread thighs.


　　① …the two men sat and contemplated each other's presence.
　　　两个人相对而坐，琢磨着因何在次不期邂逅。 
　　　The two men sat and studied each other. 
　　② …the great lamp spoke majestic, silent messages of light to the ships at sea.
　　　The great lamp sent signals silently to the ships at sea. 
　　③ The storm hammered like a battering ram on the walls of the lighthouse. Rudolf offered tobacco, feeling suddenly immature as he did so. 
　　　暴风雨像古代的攻城槌一样撞击着灯塔的墙壁。鲁道夫拿出烟叶给老人递过去，此时他突然感到自己稚气未脱。 
　　　The storm banged against the lighthouse with thousand different noises. Rudolf felt nervous and a bit frightened, so he wanted to smoke to calm himself down. He offered tobacco to the old man, thinking the old man must have felt the same as he did. Then he suddenly realized that the old man did not need tobacco and that a mature person could calm himself down without smoking. 
　　④ …it was as if he knew well the uses of tobacco and the need for offering it, and affirmed it all, yet－here he, too, was halfway apologetic－was self-contained and without need of anything that was not already within his power
　　　It seemed that the lighthouse keeper knew very well the use of tobacco and the reason of Rudolf offering it as a gesture of friendship and establishing relationship usually between two men. However, he declined it in an almost apologetic way for he was self-reliant within his world of the lighthouse and didn't want anything that he was unable to get by himself from the outside world. 
　　⑤ And he sat there, gentle and reflective, his great workman's hands resting on outspread thighs. 
　　　于是他坐在那里，和蔼、深沉，一双劳动者的大手搭在伸开的大腿上。 
　　　He sat there gentle, quiet and thoughtful with his big rough hands resting on his thighs. Peace shone on his face. 
　　
8. ①It seemed to Rudolf that the lighthouse keeper was entirely aware of all the sounds of the storm and of its violent impact upon the lighthouse. But he knew them so well that he did not have to think about them: they were like the involuntary movements of his own heart and blood. ②In the same way, beneath the simple courtesy that made him speak and listen to his guest in specific ways, he was already calmly and mysteriously a part of him, as surely as the mainland was connected with the little island, and all the islands with one another, so extensively, under the ocean.


　　① It seemed to Rudolf that the lighthouse keeper was entirely aware of all the sounds of the storm and of its violent impact upon the lighthouse. But he knew so well that he did not have to think about them: they were like the involuntary movements of his own heart and blood.
　　　鲁道夫感到灯塔看守人完全意识到暴风雨的一切轰鸣声以及风浪对灯塔猛烈的冲击，可是这些他都太熟悉了，没有必要去考虑，就像他对自己的心脏跳动和血液流动，从不刻意留心一样。
　　　It seemed to Rudolf that the old man was so familiar with the sound and force of thunder and roaring wind that they had become part of his life, just like the beating of his heart and circulation of his blood within his body. He never bothered about them. 
　　② In the same way, beneath the simple courtesy that made him speak and listen to his guest in specific way, he was already calmly and mysteriously a part of him, as surely as the mainland was connected with little island, and all the islands with one another, so extensively, under the ocean. 
　　　表面上看，出于起码的礼貌，他以特有的方式和客人谈话、倾听客人的见闻，但是，同样也是在不知不觉中，在内心的深处，他已经悄悄地、神奇地和客人结合在一起了，就像这个小岛和大陆在海底连接在一起一样，就像所有的岛屿在广阔的海底连在一起一样。 
　　　In appearance the old man was very calm and spoke little without much high-sounding words with his guest, but it seemed that he was able to see the mind and heart of his guest and that deep in his heart he had something in common with the guest, which bind them together just as the mainland and all other islands were connected with one another beneath the spacious expanse of the ocean.
9. ①Gradually Rudolf drew forth the sparse data of the old man's life: He had been born in this very lighthouse eighty-three years before, when his father was the lighthouse keeper. His mother — the only woman he had ever known — had taught him to read the Bible, and he read it daily. He had no other books.


10. As a musician, Rudolf had not had time to read much either —but then, he had lived in cities. He reached down and took his beloved violin out of its case.


　　① Gradually Rudolf drew forth the sparse date of the old man's life. 
　　　鲁道夫渐渐从老人那里了解到他简单的经历。
　　　Little by little Rudolf learned some facts there were about the old man's life.
11. ①“What do you make with that, sir?” the old man asked.


12. ②For a second Rudolf thought his host might be joking; but the serenity of the other's expression reassured him. ③There was not even curiosity about the instrument, but rather a whole interest in him, the person, that included his “work.” ④In most circumstances Rudolf would have found it hard to believe that there could exist someone who did not know what a violin was; yet now he had no inclination to laugh. He felt small and inadequate.


　　① “ What do you make with that. Sir?” the old man asked.
　　　“What is the use of the thing?” the old man asked. ( The old man had never seen a violin, and he didn't know it was a musical instrument. He thought it was a kind of tool used to make things.) 
　　② For a second Rudolf thought his host was joking; but the serenity of the other's expression reassured him.
　　　有一阵子，鲁道夫以为主人是在开玩笑，不过他那认真的表情使鲁道夫确信那不是玩笑。 
　　　For a moment Rudolf thought the old man was making fun of him, but the old man said it calmly and didn't look as if he was joking. 
　　③ There was not even curiosity about the instrument, but rather a whole interest in him, the person, that included his “work”. 
　　　他表现出来的，甚至不是对那乐器的好奇心，而是对他这个人的兴趣，包括对他的“活计”的兴趣。 
　　　The old man didn't seem to be curious about the violin. He asked the question because he was interested in Rudolf, the person, and wanted to know all about him including his work. 
　　④ In most circumstances Rudolf would have found it hard to believe that there could exist someone who did not know what a violin was; yet now he had no inclination to laugh. He felt small and inadequate.
　　　在其他情况下，鲁道夫决不会相信居然有人不知道小提琴为何物，可是此时他不想笑，他感到自己渺小、感到自己不足。 
　　　…Yet now he didn't feel like laughing. He fell immature and incompetent against the old man's utter serenity and sincerity in asking the question. ( Rudolf had thought the old man was only curious about the violin, he had never thought that the old man was interested in him and his work. Then he came to understand the broadness of the old man's mind. That's why he felt small and immature.) 
　　
13. “I make ... music with it,” he stammered in a low voice.


14. ①“Music,” the old man said ponderously. “I have heard of it. But I have never seen music.”


15. “One does not see music. One hears it.”


16. ②“Ah, yes,” the lighthouse keeper consented, as it were, with humility. His wide gray eyes rested upon the little fiddler and conferred upon him all the importance of which any individual is capable.


　　① “Music,” the old man said ponderously. 
　　　老人若有所思地说，“音乐......” 
　　　“Music,” the old man said, not completely understanding. 
　　② “Ah, yes” the lighthouse keeper consented, as it were, with humility. His wide gray eyes rested upon the little fiddler and conferred upon him all the importance of which any individual is capable. 
　　　“是啊，”灯塔看守人表示赞同，好像十分谦逊。他睁大了那双灰色的眼睛，目光落在那小个子乐手身上，对他刮目相看。 
　　　The lighthouse keeper agreed, feeling humble when realizing he knew so little about music. He fixed his eyes on Rudolf with great respect, thinking the musician was a very important person. ( Compared with the other audience he used to have who sat stolidly watching him, the old man's interest in and respect for him moved him greatly. )
17. ①Then something in the storm and the lighthouse and the old man exalted Rudolf, filled him with compassion and love and a spaciousness infinitely beyond himself. He wanted to strike a work of fire and stars into being for the old man. And, with the storm as his accompanist, he stood and began to play — the Kreutzer Sonata of Beethoven.


　　① Then something in the storm and the lighthouse and the old man exalted Rudolf, filled him with compassion and love and a spaciousness infinitely beyond himself. He wanted to strike a work of fire and star into being for the old man. 
　　　暴风雨、灯塔和老人三者融合起来，使他心里充满了慈悲和真爱，使他的心胸顿时宽阔无比，使他超越了自我，他想为老人演奏一部感情奔放的作品。
　　　The violence of the storm, the calm and quiet of the lighthouse and the serenity of the old man lifted Rudolf out of his usual everyday feelings, filling him with love and passion and broadening his mind. He wanted to play a work full of passion that showed the power of human emotions and the greatness of human spirit for the old man.
18. ①The moments passed, moments that were days in the creation of that world of fire and stars; moments of the struggle of all men; and finally moments that showed the greatness of all human spirits. Never before had Rudolf played with such mastery — or with such an accompanist. Waves and wind beat the tower with giant hands. Steadily above them the beacon threw its lifesaving beams across the dark and angry seas. ②The last note ceased and Rudolf dropped his head on his chest, breathing hard. The ocean threw its water over the island with a roar as of many voices.


　　① The moment passed, moments that were days in the creation of that world of fire and stars; moment of the struggle of all men; and finally moments that showed the greatness of all human spirit. Never before had Rudolf played with such mastery－or with such an accompanist. 
　　　音乐表现的时刻结束了，创作那个激情世界的日日夜夜完全体现在演奏的时刻之中，那些全人类斗争的时刻，以及最终表现人类伟大精神的时刻。鲁道夫从来没有演奏得如此出色，从来没有过如此的伴奏。 
　　　The music Rudolf played represented the creation of the world, the fierce nature, the hard life and staunch struggle of man, and the greatness of human spirit. Never before had Rudolf played so skillfully with the sound of the storm as an accompanist. 
　　② The last note ceased and Rudolf dropped his head on his chest, breathing hard. The ocean threw its water over the island with a roar as of many voices.
　　　琴声嘎然而止，鲁道夫的头向着胸膛耷拉下来，急促地喘着气。大海仍然在咆哮，犹如万民怒吼，巨浪不断拍击、吞噬着小岛。 
　　　The high waves hit the island with the roaring sound of the storm as if many people were singing passionately. ( His music stopped, while the music of nature, the sound of the storm, did not stop. Rudolf was still immersed in the passionate music.)
19. The old man had sat unmoving through the work, his broad, gnarled hands resting on his thighs, his head bowed, listening massively. ①For some time he continued to sit in silence. Then he looked up, lifted those hands calmly, judiciously, and nodded his head.


20. “Yes,” he said. ②“That is true.”


　　① For some time he continued to sit in silence. Then he looked up, lifted those hands calmly, judiciously and nodded his head. 
　　　静静地又坐了一会儿，然后抬起头来，安详的、有见地地举起了双手，点了点头。 
　　　The old man sat there thinking about the storm, the music created by God, and Rudolf and his music. He was also immersed in the music and truly understood what was expressed in the music. 
　　② “ That is true.”
　　　是这么回事儿。
　　　“Yes, your music expresses human emotions and struggle.” Or: “Yes, you are right. One hears music, not sees it.”The old man, though almost cut off from the outside world, could understand well what was expressed in the music because the human emotions conveyed by music such as the love for liberty, equality, and fraternity, the happiness in victory and the sorrows in failure are just like the music of nature, the sea, the storm, the thunder, the sunshine, etc. that he was familiar with and experienced daily. The old man understood the Nature and life. Therefore, he could understand the true meaning of music. Man and music were both works of nature and works of wonder. 


（单选题）49.Everyone should bear it in mind that under no circumstances _____ become a superpower.


A． will China
B． China will
C． dare China
D． China dare
【答案】A


【解析】本题考查重要短语under/in no circumstances。under/in no circumstances意思是“绝不，任何情况下都不”，相当于by no means, on no account, on no occasion等，这些否定短语放在句首时句子用倒装形式。C不符合句意。该句句意是“每个人都要牢记的是在任何情况下中国都不会成为超级大国。”


【知识点】重要短语under/in no circumstances