10月14日午间双语播报：拍卖理论获经济学诺奖

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1 / US economists win Nobel prize

拍卖理论获经济学诺奖

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson "for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats," the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced on Monday. 

瑞典皇家科学院10月12日宣布，将2020年诺贝尔经济学奖授予斯坦福大学的两位教授保罗•R•米尔格罗姆和罗伯特•B•威尔逊，以表彰他们"对拍卖理论的改进和发明了新拍卖形式"。

Milgrom and Wilson, professors at Stanford University, "have studied how auctions work, and used their insights to design new auction formats for goods and services that are difficult to sell in a traditional way, such as radio frequencies," the academy said in a statement. 

瑞典皇家科学院在声明中表示，米尔格罗姆和威尔逊"研究了拍卖是如何运作的，并运用他们的见解为无线电频谱等难以用传统方式销售的商品和服务设计了新的拍卖形式"。

Their discoveries have benefited sellers, buyers and taxpayers around the world, it said.

他们的发现令全球各地的卖家、买家和纳税人从中受益。

重点词汇：

radio frequency

英 [,reidiəu-'fri:kwənsi] 美 [,reidiəu-'fri:kwənsi]

无线电频率

2 / UK's new lockdown system

英国推三级防疫新举措

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Monday announced a new three-level COVID-19 alert system that will be implemented across England. 

英国首相约翰逊10月12日宣布在英格兰实施新冠肺炎疫情三级警报系统。

Outlining the new strategy, Johnson said it can simplify and standardize local rules by introducing the system, set at "medium", "high" and "very high". 

约翰逊介绍道，三级防疫系统将各地疫情级别划分为"中等"、"高"、"非常高"三级，能简化各地防疫政策，并使其标准统一。

The "medium" alert level will cover most of the country and will see current social distancing measures, the "rule of six" and a pub curfew of 10 pm, enforced. 

"中等"级别适用于该国大部分地区，将继续实施当前的保持社交距离、六人社交聚会禁令和10点酒吧宵禁等措施。

The "high" alert level would reflect interventions in many local areas at the moment, primarily aimed at reducing household to household transmission, by preventing all mixing between different households or "support bubbles" indoors. 

"高"级别对应一些当前已实施进一步限制措施的地方，这些地方已禁止不同家庭之间互相探访，即所谓的"互助气泡"，主要目的是减少病毒在不同家庭间的传播。

The "very high" level will apply where transmission rates are rising most rapidly and where the National Health Service could soon be under unbearable pressure without further restrictions. 

"非常高"级别适用于那些病毒传播率迅速上升的地方，如果不采取进一步限制措施的话，当地医疗体系可能很快将不堪重负。

In those areas the government will set a baseline of prohibiting social mixing indoors and in private yards, as well as closing pubs and bars. But retail shops, schools and universities will remain open.

在这些地方，政府将严格限制室内和私人花园里的社交活动，关闭酒吧，但商店、中小学和高校将继续开放。

重点词汇：

implement

英 ['ɪmplɪm(ə)nt] 美 [ˈɪmplɪmənt; ˈɪmpləˌment]

n. 工具，器具；手段

vt. 实施，执行；实现，使生效

standardize

英 [ˈstændədaɪz] 美 [ˈstændərdaɪz]

vt. 使标准化；用标准检验

curfew

英 [ˈkɜːfjuː] 美 [ˈkɜːrfjuː]

n. 宵禁；宵禁令；晚钟；打晚钟时刻

unbearable

英 [ʌnˈbeərəbl] 美 [ʌnˈberəbl]

adj. 难以忍受的；承受不住的

baseline

英 [ˈbeɪslaɪn] 美 [ˈbeɪslaɪn]

n. 基线；底线

prohibit

英 [prəˈhɪbɪt] 美 [prəˈhɪbɪt,proʊˈhɪbɪt]

vt. 阻止，禁止

过去式 prohibited过去分词 prohibited现在分词 prohibiting第三人称单数 prohibits

3/ 900M online audio-and-video users

网络视听用户规模超9亿

The number of internet audio-and-video users in China reached 901 million as of June, covering 95.8 percent of all internet users in the country, according to a new report. 

近日在成都举行的第八届中国网络视听大会上发布的一份新报告显示，截至2020年6月，我国网络视听用户规模达9.01亿，占我国网民总量的95.8%。

The report was released at the 8th China Internet Audio & Video Convention, held in the southwestern Chinese city of Chengdu. The number of short-video users hit 818 million in June, with an average time of 110 minutes spent on short-video apps per person each day, surpassing that of instant messaging services, the report said. 

报告显示，截至6月，我国短视频用户规模为8.18亿，短视频人均单日使用时长达110分钟，使用时长超越了即时通讯服务。

Zhou Jie, executive deputy secretary-general of the China Netcasting Services Association, said short-video services have expanded to cover various fields, such as news and education, rather than just serving as entertainment. 

中国网络视听节目服务协会常务副秘书长周结介绍，短视频服务不再只是娱乐，还已经向新闻、教育等不同领域渗透。

E-commerce livestreaming is the fastest-growing internet application in 2020, said the report. The number of internet livestreaming service users in China reached 562 million in June, with that of e-commerce livestreaming hitting 309 million.

报告称，电商直播是2020年增长最快的互联网应用。截至6月，我国网络直播用户规模达5.62亿，其中电商直播用户规模为3.09亿。

重点词汇：

surpassing

英 [sə'pɑːsɪŋ] 美 [sərˈpæsɪŋ]

adj. 胜过的；卓越的；优秀的

v. 优于，超出，胜过（surpass 的现在分词）

adv. 卓越地；非凡地

e-commerce livestreaming

电商直播

4 / Luckin fined for unfair competition

瑞幸因不正当竞争挨罚

The State Administration for Market Regulation fined five companies, including Luckin Coffee China Co Ltd, two million yuan ($297,000) each for unfair competition. 

市场监管总局对瑞幸咖啡(中国)有限公司等五家公司分别处以罚款200万元，原因是它们有不正当竞争行为。

The administration issued an administrative penalty decision on Monday stating Luckin Coffee China and Luckin Coffee Beijing, between April and Dec of last year, collaborated with multiple third-party companies to fabricate 123 million false coffee orders. 

市场监管总局10月12日发布行政处罚决定书，称去年4月至12月，瑞幸咖啡(中国)有限公司、瑞幸咖啡(北京)有限公司在多家第三方公司帮助下，累计制作虚假卡券订单1.23亿单。

Luckin Coffee had hired individuals and enterprises to make orders, adding false income and forging banking transaction records, which deceived and misled consumers, according to the administration. The administration has ordered the coffee chain to cease its illegal activities.

行政处罚决定书显示，瑞幸咖啡采用"个人及企业刷单造假"，虚增收入，伪造银行流水，欺骗误导消费者。市场监管总局责令瑞幸咖啡停止违法行为。

重点词汇：

The State Administration for Market Regulation

市场监管总局

penalty

英 [ˈpenəlti] 美 [ˈpenəlti]

n. 罚款，罚金；处罚

fabricate

英 [ˈfæbrɪkeɪt] 美 [ˈfæbrɪkeɪt]

vt. 制造；伪造；装配

forging

英 ['fɔːdʒɪŋ] 美 ['fɔrdʒɪŋ]

n. 锻造；锻件；伪造

v. 伪造，假冒；锻造，制作；努力加强；稳步前进（forge 的现在分词）

deceive

英 [dɪˈsiːv] 美 [dɪˈsiːv]

v. 欺骗；行骗

重点单词怎么读？

Hi everyone, here are words you should know from today's news.

No.1 standardize

Outlining the new strategy, Johnson said it can simplify and standardize local rules by introducing the system, set at "medium", "high" and "very high". 

No.2 curfew

The "medium" alert level will cover most of the country and will see current social distancing measures, the "rule of six" and a pub curfew of 10 pm, enforced. 

No.3 unbearable

The "very high" level will apply where transmission rates are rising most rapidly and where the National Health Service could soon be under unbearable pressure without further restrictions. 

No.4 surpass

The number of short-video users hit 818 million in June, with an average time of 110 minutes spent on short-video apps per person each day, surpassing that of instant messaging services, the report said. 

No.5 penalty

The administration issued an administrative penalty decision on Monday stating Luckin Coffee China and Luckin Coffee Beijing, between April and Dec of last year, collaborated with multiple third-party companies to fabricate 123 million false coffee orders. 

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