大脑是如何对不停嗑糖的你喊咔的?(首段讲解+讲义)

大脑是如何对不停嗑糖的你喊咔的?(首段讲解+讲义)

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文章标题

Researchers uncover how your brain puts the brakes on sugar cravings

研究者揭示你的大脑是如何刹住对糖的渴望的

 

1. researcher

KK /ri'sɝtʃɚ/

n. 研究者

 

2. uncover

KK /ʌn'kʌvɚ/

v. 发现揭露

 

3. brake

KK /brek/

v. 刹车

 

搭配

put the brakes on sth 对于某事刹车,停止做某事

 

4. craving

KK /'krevɪŋ/

n. 强烈的渴望

 

释义

a strong desire for sth

 

拓展

a craving for chocolate 非常想吃巧克力

 

正文精解


Para. 1


①A few years ago, scientists discovered the liver releases a hormone to suppress consumption of sweet-tasting food once a person has consumed high volumes of sugar. ②New research, led by the University of Iowa, has now homed in on exactly how this mechanism works, and where in the brain it takes place.

①几年前,科学家发现,一旦人摄入大量的糖分,肝脏就会释放一种激素来抑制对甜味食物的消耗。②由爱荷华大学发起的新研究现在已经集中确定这一机制究竟是如何工作的,以及它发生在大脑的什么地方。

 

1. liver

KK /'lɪvɚ/

n. 肝脏

 

拓展

fried liver 炒猪肝

 

2. release

KK /rɪ'lis/

v. 释放

 

3. hormone

KK /'hɔrmon/

n. 荷尔蒙,激素

 

4. suppress

KK /sə'prɛs/

v. 压制,抑制,阻止

 

释义

to prevent sth from growing, developing or continuing

 

拓展

drugs that suppress the appetite 抑制食欲的药

 

5. consumption

KK /kən'sʌmpʃən/

n. 能量、食物等的消耗量

 

释义

the act of using energy, food or materials the amount used

 

6. sweet-tasting

吃起来甜的

 

7. consume

KK /kənˈsum/

v. 消耗

 

8. volume

KK /'vɑljum/

n. 量

 

释义

the amount of sth

 

9. home in on

发现锁定

 

释义

to find and move directly toward

 

10. exactly

KK /ɪɡ'zæktli/

adv. 确切地

 

释义

to emphasize that sth is correct in every detail

 

11. mechanism

KK /'mɛkənɪzəm/

n. 生物体内的机制和构造

 

例句

Pain acts as a natural defence mechanism.

疼痛算是一种自然防护机制的作用

 

长难句解析

A few years ago, scientists (主语) discovered (谓语) [the liver releases a hormone to suppress consumption of sweet-tasting food] (宾语从句) [once a person has consumed high volumes of sugar] (条件状语从句)

 

这一句话有点长,咱们找主干,简单主谓宾结构,scientists discovered...科学家们发现了某事,接下来省略了 that 的宾语从句,the liver releases a hormone to suppress consumption of sweet-tasting food,从句的结构也是简单主谓宾,同样先找主干,主语 the liver 肝脏,接下来 to 引导目的状语, 主干句意思就明确了,科学家们发现,肝脏会释放一种激素来抑制对甜食的消耗。什么情况下会这样呢?接下来看枝叶部分,句末 Once 引导条件状语从句,还是简单主谓宾,a person 一个人,这里是一种泛指,has consumed high volumes of sugar,这里是说大量的糖分。所以条件出来了,一旦摄入大量糖分,最后再看句首,研究的时间是 a few years ago 几年前,结合主句,整句话的意思是几年前,科学家发现,一旦人摄入大量的糖分,肝脏就会释放一种激素来抑制对甜味食物的消耗。



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