2020大学英语六级听力模拟卷6（附原文）

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六级真题试卷完整版2016-2020请去这里：公-重-号：超能资料库

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-----2020-2021新题型模拟卷------

【听力原文】

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. 
At the end of each conversation, you will hear some questions. 
Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. 
After you hear a question, 
you must choose the best answer from the four choices 
marked A), B), C) and D). 
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 
with a single line through the centre.
Conversation One
W: I don't understand 
how the inventor earns money from the invention.
After all, anyone can copy and sell it.
Really, what is a patent?
A piece of paper?
A philosophy?
You can't see it.
M: I am glad you asked that.
Actually when an inventor has a patent,
it's enforceable by the laws in the country 
where the inventor developed the invention.
If anyone makes and sells the product 
then the inventor can take them to civil court.
W: What can the inventor expect to receive if he sues and wins?
M: Well, there are different things the court could do,
but there's no guarantee.
There's a good chance the court could award him compensation 
and orders to stop the manufacture and sale of goods.
It may well be that the goods would be ordered to be destroyed.
W: Can the other person being sued 
do anything to help themselves?
M: That's the beauty of the whole thing.
Ignorance of the law doesn't count, I'm afraid.
However, the other person can counter-sue 
pretending that they were actually the original inventor.
W: You said the inventor is protected by the laws of the country.
Is everything equal?
Do all countries have the same law?
M: No, they're not all equal.
You're right. It's only in theory.
It is being worked on.
The World Trade Organization has developed an agreement,
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights,
which makes sure that the patent is valid for 20 years.
W: That doesn't make sense.
Twenty years is a long time.
M: Actually, it does.
It's believed that inventors make and sell goods faster 
after they register the patent 
because there's a 20-year limitation on the patent.
On the other hand,
other inventors can use the information the inventor disclosed 
when the product was registered.
Giving the information is all part of the deal.
W: Cool.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. Why can the woman hardly understand 
that an inventor earns money from the invention?
2. What may the court ask the sued person to do?
3. What is the purpose of 
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights?
4. How does a valid time span of a patent influence the inventor?
Conversation Two
M: Hi, Queenie, how are you enjoying yourself at university?
W: Hi, Jack, it's a lot of work.
But I am having a good time.
Are you planning to attend college next year?
M: Yeah.
Can you tell me what facilities they have for disabled students?
My wheelchair doesn't always allow me to get into buildings.
W: You should inquire at Student Services.
They can discuss your medical history with you confidentially 
and make allowances.
My friends Shannon and Rosie use computers to do their exams,
so in your case,
I'm sure it would not be a problem.
M: What about the wheelchair access?
W: The newer buildings have elevators and wide doors,
but the older buildings have not been upgraded 
to accommodate handicapped people as far as I know.
What faculty are you planning to go into?
M: I am thinking of doing engineering.
W: Hmm. Engineering is in the old Adams building.
I don't know if there is an elevator.
M: Do the buses that go out to campus 
have facilities to bring wheelchairs on board?
W: Yes, that I know for sure.
All the buses are equipped with electronic lifts,
and there are seats that fold back.
M: What about the sidewalks?
W: I think most of the sidewalks have been leveled at the corners,
so you could probably use your wheelchair, but I am not sure.
In fact, if you would like, why don't you come with me?
I'll be taking the bus 
and I could show you around once we got there.
M: That's really nice of you, Raphel. I'd really like that.
W: Okay, I will come to your house about 8:30 in the morning 
and we can take the commuter train into town,
then catch the bus up to the university.
M: Great, I look forward to it.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. What would the Student Services do with the man?
6. What are the differences 
between the new teaching buildings and the old ones,
according to the woman?
7. What is the feature of buses that go to the campus?
8. What's the purpose of Queenie's appointment with Jack?
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. 
At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. 
Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. 
After you hear a question, 
you must choose the best answer from the four choices 
marked A), B), C) and D). 
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
One of the complaints of city residents,
not surprisingly,
is the lack of parking.
This problem is partly caused by all the abandoned cars on the streets.
It has been estimated by A to Z Towing Inc.,
a nationwide tow-truck agency,
that over one million cars are abandoned 
on the streets and alleyways of the nation's cities.
Each year, 
approximately a third of those cars are removed and destroyed.
The rest of the cars,
which are not removed,
take up parking spaces and make neighborhoods look run-down.
A survey of twenty cities by A to Z reports
that as much as 30 million dollars is spent annually 
to tow away and dismantle abandoned vehicles.
One city alone, Los Angeles,
spends five million dollars a year 
to control the accumulation of abandoned cars on its streets.
Even though the city spends so much money on the program,
it is always fighting a losing battle 
as more and more cars are constantly coming off the production line.
On the other hand, Boston,
which spends most of its money on museums and libraries,
does not appropriate tax money to clean abandoned cars off the streets.
In Boston the problem has been dealt with 
by a non-profit government agency called Street Horizons,
which uses the money from the recycling of metal in the cars 
to pay for the cost of towing them.
The program in Boston sounds good 
although it has not completely reached financial independence 
from the federal government yet.
Until a truly self-sufficient program 
for removing old cars is developed,
it will remain a serious problem.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. What is the problem with abandoned cars?
10. What does A to Z Towing Inc. say about the abandoned cars?
11. How has Boston dealt with the abandoned cars?
Passage Two
During a state of deep relaxation,
several physiological changes take place in the body:
the body's oxygen consumption is reduced;
the heart beat decreases;
muscle tension and sweating ease,
and there is decreased sympathetic nervous system activity.
The restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself,
but it has a calming effect on the consciousness.
How to achieve this state of relaxation,
however, is a matter of opinion.
A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas 
in the journal American Psychologist 
said that simply sitting in an armchair 
has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body 
as meditation does.
Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree.
These experts believe that more structured techniques,
such as meditation,
lead to a condition of deep relaxation.
The debate goes on,
but one thing appears to be clear: 
the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods,
and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there.
One day, one method may work best;
on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate.
Once you are aware of all the methods, 
you can find the one that works best for you.
Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation,
self-analysis and progressive muscle relaxation.
Although these techniques may not, in the end,
produce more of a relaxation response 
than just sitting quietly in a chair,
they have the added benefit of structure and discipline,
and for these reasons appear to be 
more effective for most individuals.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
12. What will happen 
when a person is in a state of deep "relaxation"?
13. What did Dr. David Holmes say about "relaxation" 
in American Psychologist?
14. What do the opponents of Dr. David Holmes believe?
15. What does the speaker think of "relaxation techniques" 
such as meditation?
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear recordings of lectures or talks 
followed by some questions. 
The recordings will be played only once. 
After you hear a question, 
you must choose the best answer from the four choices 
marked A), B), C) and D). 
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 
with a single line through the centre.
Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.
You've probably seen encyclopedias.
Whether you're settling an argument or researching a school project,
these books can hold the answers.
These days though,
the world moves so fast,
it's hard for books that were written months or years ago to keep up.
Thankfully we have a new kind of encyclopedia that's online, free,
built by thousands of people and changes every day.
This household name is: Wikipedia.
The idea that thousands of volunteers 
could create an online encyclopedia 
doesn't sound possible,
but thanks to new technology and specific policies,
Wikipedia has become one of the top 5 sites on the Web.
The site is run by a not-for-profit foundation 
with a goal to provide everyone on the planet 
access to the sum of all human knowledge.
To see how it works,
let's get started with the "wiki" in Wikipedia.
A wiki is a kind of website 
that allows users to make changes to any page.
They simply click, edit, make the change,
and then save the page to share it with the world.
This basic concept allows volunteers 
to contribute information on any subject in Wikipedia.
And because Wikipedia is a website,
there is no limit to the number of topics it can cover.
Being a wiki means that Wikipedia is always changing.
When someone notable passes away,
Wikipedia is updated.
When news breaks,
Wikipedia grows.
It all works because tens of thousands of volunteers contribute,
and also enforce rules to ensure Wikipedia 
remains a reliable source for factual information.
These users, like any member,
can see changes as they happen on each article.
For example,
if someone posts an advertisement on Wikipedia,
which is forbidden,
volunteers can easily reverse the change
to maintain the article's integrity.
This means every change to Wikipedia is reviewed 
and must observe two big rules.
The first is verifiability,
which is necessary to ensure high quality.
For this reason,
Wikipedia articles must rely on information 
from published sources like books or newspapers---
resources known for fact-checking.
Requiring contributors to cite these resources 
in articles and quotations 
ensures Wikipedia articles are factual and high quality.
If it's not verified, it can't be in Wikipedia.
The second rule requires a neutral point of view.
All Wikipedia materials must be presented fairly and without bias,
just like any other encyclopedia.
This means Wikipedia is not a place for contributors 
to share their own opinions.
It's these two rules and the volunteers who uphold them 
that make Wikipedia a reliable resource that grows each day.
And you can be involved 
in the process of building a free encyclopedia---
the largest encyclopedia in human history.
16. What can we learn about Wikipedia from the talk?
17. What can users do in a wiki?
18. What will probably happen 
when an advertisement is posted on Wikipedia?
19. What is the second rule of Wikipedia?
Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22.
A new study has found evidence of aggressive behavior in children 
who drink four or more servings of soft drinks every day.
Information for the study 
came from the mothers of 3,000 5-year-olds.
Researchers asked the women to keep a record of 
how many servings of soft drinks 
their children drank over a two-month period.
The women were also asked 
to complete a checklist of their children's behavior.
The researchers found that 43 percent of the boys and girls 
drank at least one daily serving of soda,
4 percent of the youngsters
had four or more sodas to drink every day.
Shakira Suglia is with Columbia University's Mailman School 
of Public Health in New York City.
She worked on the study with researchers 
from the University of Vermont
and Harvard University School of Public Health.
She says they found that children 
who drank the most soda 
were more than two times as likely as those 
who drank no soda to show signs of aggression.
"For the children who consumed four or more soft drinks per day,
we see an association between aggressive behaviors,
attention problems and withdrawn behaviors."
The aggressive behaviors included 
destroying possessions belonging to others,
taking part in fights and physically attacking people.
Shakira Suglia says the researchers identified the link 
after they considered socio-demographic factors 
like the child's age and sex.
They also considered other possible influence,
such as whether the boys and girls were eating sweets 
or given fruit drinks on a normal day.
In addition,
the researchers examined parenting styles and other social conditions 
that might be taking place in the home.
Doctor Suglia says it's not clear 
why young children who drink a lot of soda have behavior problems.
"We can't prove that this is a direct cause and effect relationship,
having said that, there are a lot of ingredients in soda,
a lot of ingredients 
that have not been examined in relation to behavior."
A substance often found in soft drinks is caffeine,
which helps to make people feel energized.
Doctor Suglia suggests that caffeine 
could be causing the 5-year-olds to be more aggressive.
The research is part of a large study 
called the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study.
It follows 5,000 poor mothers and their children 
in 20 American cities.
Earlier studies of young adults 
have found the highest sugar levels in those 
who carry weapons 
and show signs of negative social behaviors.
20. What did Shakira Suglia's study find?
21. What did the researchers examine 
before they identify the link in the research?
22. What did earlier studies find in young adults?
Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.
Today, we'll continue our discussion of the school life at Harvard.
Each year, Harvard students have to pay for the high tuition fees.
Fortunately, the University provides students 
with many employment opportunities.
Even before the students come to campus,
the Student Employment Office at Harvard 
will send freshmen some information 
regarding working at Harvard,
given that many students choose to work 
as soon as they start their new life at Harvard.
There are both term-time 
and summer employment opportunities for students.
The jobs are available at the Student Employment Jobs Database,
from which students can find a variety of jobs,
both on-campus and off-campus.
In addition to searching for jobs through the jobs database,
there are many other ways to find jobs.
Some employers will also post their employment information 
on the website of Student Employment Office.
Some students work consistently over the course of the year,
averaging between eight and twelve hours a week.
Other students work periodically 
and have secured jobs 
that allow them great flexibility in their work schedules.
Students work on and off campus,
on the Federal Work Study Program or on Regular payroll.
Students may work at a given job 
as long as they are students at Harvard,
and may work more than one job at a time.
Students must be paid for hours worked on a weekly basis.
Undergraduates may not work more than 20 hours per week 
while enrolled and 40 hours per week when classes are not in session.
Graduate students may work up to twenty hours a week.
Students are required to report hours worked two ways: 
electronically or by submitting a paper time card.
Students are paid weekly by check or direct deposit.
All earnings are subject to federal, state, and local taxes.
If you are more interested in academic research,
you can join in the Faculty Aide Program.
The program encourages professors 
to hire undergraduate research assistants.
It provides opportunities for undergraduates 
to become closely involved in the ongoing research 
of a Harvard faculty member.
Faculty Aide Awards are granted to the faculty member directly.
Approved applicants are awarded one $1,500 grant 
for the academic year or summer term 
to be used by one student or divided among several.
23. What service does the Student Employment Office 
provide to Harvard students?
24. What can we learn about 
the working hours of undergraduates at Harvard?
25. What can we learn about 
the Faculty Aide Program from the talk?
This is the end of Listening Comprehension.