2020大学英语六级听力模拟卷3（附原文）

新题型模拟题，录音原文：

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations.
At the end of each conversation, you will hear some questions.
Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question,
you must choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Conversation One
W: Do you think you can give an exact definition of "management",
Mr. Rogers?
M: Management is the process
of achieving results through other people.
W: What are the functions of management?
M: There are mainly four.
The first is planning.
Managers define goals,
establish strategy and develop plans to co-ordinate activities.
W: That's not easy, I think.
M: No. And the second is organizing,
which means managers will determine what tasks to be done,
who is to do them,
how the tasks are to be grouped,
who reports to whom, etc.
W: That's complicated.
M: And the third is leading.
It includes motivating subordinates, directing others,
selecting the most effective communication channels
and resolving conflicts.
W: Do you think the goal of good management is
to get rid of conflicts?
M: Actually, we've made considerable progress
towards overcoming the view that conflict is bad.
W: So you mean conflicts can be good for an organization?
M: Yes. Conflicts can be used to bring about substantial changes
to the existing power structure,
current patterns of interaction between people at work, and attitude.
W: That surprises me.
M: The last function controlling
means to monitor activities to ensure
they are being accomplished as planned,
and correct significant deviations.
W: It is said that all managers need to realize
that the more they delegate now,
the less time it will take to accomplish tasks later.
Is that true?
M: Right. Without delegation,
managers run the risk of being a "doer" rather than a "manager".
W: Can I understand this as "delegation is a ticket to ride free
and have others to do your work"?
M: Not exactly.
It is rather a means for managers to focus on their true functions.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. What is "management" according to the man?
2. What does the function of organizing include
according to the man?
3. What does the man think of conflicts?
4. Which statement does the man support?
Conversation Two
W: Interested in this book?
This is our best seller this week.
M: Best seller?
I am considering what new ideas it gives
about how to deal with the aggravating people.
W: It asks people to quit complaining and do something.
What surprises many people about this book
is it suggests that the best thing to do is to change yourself
because you are not going to change the other person.
M: Really?
It's "me" that has to change as opposed to the other person?
W: Well, have you ever changed anybody?
M: I've tried many times.
It's not really possible though.
W: That's right.
M: But how can I do that?
W: The book is here.
Bring it back home and read it and you can find the answer.
M: Before I pay my money
I should be clear that this book is useful for me.
I don't want to pay for it and then find I have paid for nothing.
W: This book is definitely worth the money.
The book even tells you how to deal with different types of workers,
co-workers and bosses,
from the most common annoying type to the worst kind.
M: Give me the most common annoying type of co-worker.
W: The most common annoying type of co-workers
is called "boundary-busters".
So, it's someone who invades your space,
makes too much noise, eats up your time or chews your ear off.
They are boundary-busters.
M: And how do I deal with them?
W: Again, sir, the book is here.
Bring it back and read for the answer.
M: It seems you know a lot about this book.
Can I draw the conclusion that you fancy it?
W: Well, frankly, I am the author.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. What do we learn about the woman?
6. What is surprising about the book the woman recommends?
7. What kind of person is the man?
8. What is a boundary-buster?
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages.
At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.
Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question,
you must choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Last summer I went through a training program
and became a literacy volunteer.
The training I received, though excellent,
did not tell me how it was to work with a real student.
When I began to discover what other people's lives were like
because they could not read,
I realized the true importance of reading.
My first student Marie was a 44-year-old single mother of three.
In the first lesson,
I found out that she walked two miles
to the nearest supermarket twice a week
because she didn't know which bus to take.
When I told her I would get her a bus schedule,
she told me it would not help because she could not read it.
She said she also had difficulty once she got to the supermarket
because she couldn't always remember what she needed.
Since she did not know words,
she could not write out a shopping list.
Also, she could only recognize items by sight,
so if the product had a different label,
she would not recognize it as the product she wanted.
As we worked together,
learning how to read built Marie's self-confidence,
which encouraged her to continue in her studies.
She began to make rapid progress
and was even able to take the bus to the supermarket.
At the end of the program,
she began helping her youngest son,
Tony, a shy first grader, with his reading.
As a literacy volunteer,
I learned a great deal about teaching and helping others.
In fact, I may have learned more from the experience than Marie did.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. What did the speaker do last summer?
10. How did Marie use to find the goods
she wanted in the supermarket?
11. How was Marie's study during the summer?
Passage Two
In the past industries had more freedom than they have now,
and they did not need to be as careful as they must today.
They did not need to worry a lot
about the safety of the new products that they developed.
They did not have to pay much attention
to the health and safety of the people who worked for them.
Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them;
often conditions in the work place had very bad effects
on the health of the workers.
Of course sometimes there were real disasters
which attracted the attention of government
and which showed need for changes.
Also scientists who were doing research
into the health of the workers
sometimes produced information
which governments could not ignore.
At such times,
there were inquiries into the causes of the disaster or the problems.
New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries;
however, the new rules came too late to protect the people
who had died or become seriously ill.
Today many governments have special departments
which protect customers and workers.
In the U.S., for example,
there is a department
which tests new airplanes
and gives warnings about possible problems.
It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow.
Another department controls the foods and drugs
that companies sell.
A third department looks at the places where people work,
and then reports any companies that are breaking laws
which protect the health and safety of workers.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
12. Compared with today's industries,
what were the industries in the past like?
13. What did the government do years ago?
14. What does the passage say about industries in the U.S. today?
15. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear recordings of lectures or talks
followed by some questions.
The recordings will be played only once.
After you hear a question,
you must choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.
You are invited to a large party.
Loud music is playing,
and lots of people are dancing.
Groups of people are mingling with each other,
making small talk about many different topics.
Which of these people sound most like you?
Person A, who tries to talk to everyone and stays late,
or Person B, who prefers to talk to only a few people and leaves early?
If you said Person A,
you are probably more extroverted.
If you said Person B,
you are probably more introverted.
Or perhaps you are Person C and fall somewhere in the middle.
Introvert and extrovert are two commonly used words
to describe a person's personality.
And they are also commonly misused and misunderstood.
Introverts may be viewed as quiet, shy and timid.
They may be called "wallflowers,"
meaning they are so quiet
they blend in with flowers on the wallpaper.
Extroverts may be viewed as bold, confident,
loud and full of energy.
They are often called "alpha," meaning a leader of the group.
Introverted and extroverted people may fit those descriptions.
But these same descriptions do not define
introversion and extroversion properly.
Introverts and extroverts use their brains differently,
and they get their energy differently.
Introversion is the state of
being mostly concerned with one's own mental life.
Extroversion is the opposite.
Extroversion is the state of
being mostly concerned with what is outside oneself.
People who consider themselves introverts
may say they need to be alone to "charge their batteries"
or that being in large crowds makes them tired.
However, introverts may still love being social and going to parties.
But such activities require time to prepare and time to repair.
Extroverts may say,"I don't need 'alone time.'
I feel more relaxed being around other people."
Even so, extroverts can still feel unsure
or not confident among other people.
Susan Cain is the author of Quiet: The Power of Introverts.
In an article published in Psychology Today,
she explains that shyness is often considered
a synonym of introversion.
It is not.
Shyness is having a fear of being judged poorly by others.
Introverts just prefer being in quiet environments.
For example, Bill Gates, the inventor of Microsoft,
is quiet and bookish, she writes.
But Gates does not care about the opinions
other people may have of him.
He is an introvert, writes Cain, but he is not shy.
The famous singer and actor Barbra Streisand has an outgoing,
larger-than-life personality.
But Barbra Streisand, Cain writes,
also has a paralyzing case of stage fright.
This is a commonly used fixed expression.
Performers who suffer from stage fright
can quite literally be frozen or paralyzed on stage.
Cain considers Babara Streisand a shy extrovert.
16. What kind of behavior is considered more introverted?
17. What is our impression of extroverted people?
18. What do we learn about people
who consider themselves introverts?
19. What kind of behavior can be considered "shy"?
Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22.
Many people all over the world enjoy an alcoholic drink during dinner.
Many people raise a glass of alcohol
to celebrate a wedding or a birthday.
And having drinks after work with friends and co-workers
is called "happy hour."
All these situations are considered "social drinking"
because they happen at social events.
But when does "social drinking" become problem drinking?
According to the World Health Organization,
alcohol abuse kills 3.3 million people each year.
That is six percent of all deaths around the world.
And in a new report on alcohol use around the world,
the WHO says alcohol can create dependency,
or addiction, in some people.
The report also warns that alcohol use can increase
the risk of developing more than 200 diseases,
including some kinds of cancers.
And, the WHO says alcohol abuse can put people
at greater risk of infectious diseases.
WHO Mental Health and Substance Abuse Director Shekhar Saxena
says the organization is concerned about drinking among young people
between the ages of 15 and 19.
And it is most concerned about "binge-drinking,"
or an extended period of heavy drinking.
The report concludes that worldwide 16 percent of drinkers
over the age of 15 engage in binge-drinking,
which is much more harmful than other kind of drinking.
The report warns that more women are drinking alcohol.
And, the report says women are at greater risk than men
for some alcohol-related health conditions.
The report also finds Europe is the area with the highest alcohol use.
Central and Eastern Europe are especially high.
The WHO says people in Russia, Ukraine,
and some neighboring countries
drink a lot of alcohol and binge drink.
Vladimir Poznyak is the WHO Management
of Substance Abuse Coordinator.
He says less alcohol is used in Africa than in Europe.
But, he adds, the health effects are worse in Africa
because of a lack of social support systems,
such as access to health care.
The World Health Organization suggests ways
countries can protect people from alcohol abuse.
These include increasing taxes on alcohol sales,
raising the drinking age limit,
and controlling the marketing of alcoholic beverages.
20. What is "happy hour"?
21. What do we learn about alcohol use from the talk?
22. What does WHO suggest on controlling alcohol use?
Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.
South Africa is the richest country in Africa;
it is also one of the most modern and technologically advanced.
It has some of the best rail,
road and communication systems in Africa.
Yet more than two-thirds of South African adults
have never used the Internet.
The South African Network Society recently reported
that only 34% of South African adults use the Internet.
That is about 12 million people.
Three-quarters of the country's Internet users live in cities.
Most of them use cell phones to get on the Internet.
The rest go to Internet cafes or use the Internet at school or work.
Indra de Lanerolle is with the South African Network Society.
He says there are many reasons
why so few South Africans use the Internet.
Cost is one of them.
"We do have expensive costs
and cost is a big limitation to Internet use.
It stops some people from using the Internet at all,
and the other thing is it stops people from using it very much.
So unless we can do much better than 1 in 3 connected,
increasingly that's going to be a real disadvantage for the country."
Poor Internet connectivity in rural South Africa
and the high prices of Internet-ready mobile phones
have also kept the poor disconnected.
Most schools and work places in rural South Africa,
where the majority of the country's people live,
have no Internet connection.
And many areas of the country do not have Internet cafes.
Sam Gina lives in Johannesburg;
he has never been on the Internet.
"At home I don't have it.
Laptop is too expensive for me.
Now I am using a phone that doesn't have Internet."
Wilson Ayong is a Cameroonian citizen
who operates an Internet cafe in Johannesburg.
He says the prices at Internet cafes
are too high for many South Africans.
South African Network Society's Mr. de Lanerolle
says Internet access in the country is improving.
He says a new generation of Internet users
from the country's middle class
is quickly entering an area once reserved for the rich.
His belief is supported by reports
that show Internet usage and access in South Africa
has increased by more than 100% in the last five years.
23. What do we know about South Africa?
24. What keeps the poor people in South Africa
from using the Internet?
25. What will be the future development of Internet use
in South Africa?
This is the end of Listening Comprehension.