1级-《悲惨世界》第1课

背景知识 

1. 作者介绍

维克多·雨果（Victor Hugo，1802年2月26日—1885年5月22日），法国19世纪浪漫主义文学代表作家，法国文学史上的巨匠，被人们称为“法兰西的莎士比亚”。雨果一生的创作历程长达60余年，写过多部诗歌、小说、剧本、各种散文和文艺评论及政论文章，在法国及世界有着广泛的影响力。其代表作有长篇小说《巴黎圣母院》《悲惨世界》和短篇小说《“诺曼底”号遇难记》等。

2. 关于《悲惨世界》

《悲惨世界》发表于1862年，内容涵盖了拿破仑战争和之后十几年的时间。故事主线围绕主人公苦刑犯冉·阿让（Jean Valjean）出狱后的个人经历展开，融进了法国的历史、革命、战争、道德哲学等内容。该书多次被改编演绎成影视作品，同名音乐剧电影于2012年上映。

冉·阿让是出于什么原因入狱？他出狱后又有怎样的经历？我们一起来看一看。

故事原文 

Les Misérables L1

悲惨世界 L1

It is the year 1796, and the people of France are hungry. Not the rich people, of course. They have food, they have warm clothes, they have beautiful houses. No, it is the poor people of France...

时为1796年，法国人民正在忍饥挨饿当然，不包括那些富人。富人不缺食物他们穿着暖和的衣服，住着漂亮的房子法国的穷苦百姓却……

Jean Valjean is one of these poor people. He is a young man, big, strong, and a good worker--but he has no work, he cannot find work, and he is hungry. He lives with his sister in the village of Brie. Her husband is dead, and she has seven children. It is a cold hard winter, and there is no food in the house. No bread, nothing--and seven children!

冉阿让是这些穷苦百姓中的一员。他年纪轻轻，块头大，身体壮，而且工作勤快——但是他没有工作，也找不到工作，只能饿着肚子。他和姐姐住在一个叫布里的村子里。姐姐死了丈夫，独自拉扯着七个孩子。这是一个严寒的冬天，家里没有吃的了。没有面包，什么都没有——却有七个孩子要养活！

Jean Valjean is a good man, he is not a thief. But how can a man just sit there, when his sister's children cry all night because they are hungry? What can a man do?

冉阿让是个好人，他不是一个贼。但是，当姐姐的孩子们因为挨饿而整夜啼哭的时候，一个男子汉怎么能干坐在那儿呢？一个男子汉能做些什么呢？

He leaves his house at night, and goes down the village street. He puts his hand through the window of the bakery — crash! — he takes a loaf of bread, and he runs. He runs fast, but other people run faster.

他趁着夜色出了门，沿着村里的街道一直走。他打碎了面包店的橱窗——哗啦！然后伸手进去，拿起一条面包就跑。他跑得很快，但是有人跑得比他还快。

France is not kind to poor people. France sends Jean Valjean to prison for five years. After four years he escapes. They find him, and bring him back. they give him six more years. Once again, he escapes, and two days later, they find him.⑴ And they give him another eight years. Nineteen years in prison--for a loaf of bread!

法国不是个善待穷人的国家。冉阿让被判了五年监禁。坐了四年牢之后，他越狱了。他们找到了他，把他抓了回来，又给他加了六年刑。他再次越狱，两天后，他们抓到了他，这一回又给他加了八年刑。他坐了十九年的牢——就为了一条面包！

In 1815, when he leaves prison, Jean Valjean is a different man. Prison changes people. Years of misery, years of back-breaking work, years of cruel prison guards.⑵⑶⑷⑸ These things change a man. Once there was love in Jean Valjean's heart.⑹ Now, there is only hate.

1815年，冉阿让出狱的时候，已经不再是当初那个他了。监狱会改变一个人。年复一年的悲惨境過，年复一年累垮脊背的苦力活儿，年复一年监狱看守的残酷虐待，这些都会改变一个人。从前，冉阿让的心里装的是爱。现在，他的心里只有恨。

One evening in October, in the year 1815, there was a knock on the door of the Bishop of Digne's house.

1815年十月的一个晚上，迪涅主教的家门口响起了敲门声。

'Come in,' said the bishop. The bishop was a kind man; everyone in the town of Digne knew that. Poor people, hungry people, miserable people--they all came to the door of the bishop's house.

“请进。”主教说道。这位主教是个善良的人，住在迪涅镇上的每个人都知道。穷苦的人，挨饿的人，生活不幸的人他们都会来敲主教家的门。

The bishop's sister looked at the man at the door that night, and she was afraid.

那天晚上，主教的妹妹看着门口的那个男人，心里感到害怕。

'Look at him! ' she whispered to the bishop. 'He is a big man, and a dangerous one. He carries a yellow card, so he was once a prisoner--a bad man.'

“瞧瞧他！”她低声对主教说道，“他是个危险的大个子。他身上带着一张黄卡，说明他曾经是个囚犯——一个恶棍。”

（原文中出现高光标示内容请见核心语言点）

核心语言点 

1.once again/more 再一次

例句：Once again she's refusing to help.

           她又一次拒绝帮助。

           I looked at myself in the mirror once more.

           我又对着镜子看了下。

2.misery 痛苦；苦难

拓展：misery loves company 同病相怜

例句：The last years of her life were a misery.

           她生命的最后几年是悲惨的。

           We'd both just broken up with our boyfriends, so we decided to go see a movie together—misery loves company.

           我们都刚刚和男友分手，于是决定一起去看电影——不开心的人需要找伴。

3.back-breaking 极费力气的；累人的

例句：Now, after thirty days at this back-breaking and endless task, he realised why.

           经过30天的艰苦卓绝和没玩没了的工作，他终于明白了原因。

4.hair-raising 令人毛骨悚然的

   eye-popping 使人瞠目的；惊人的

5.guard 守卫；防卫状态

拓展：security guard 保安

例句：She never lets her guard down even at home.

           即使在家里，她也不放松警惕。

6.once 曾经；一次

例句：This book was famous once, but nobody reads it today.

           这本书曾经非常出名，但今天却没人再读。

           Their music was once very popular.

           他们的音乐一度很受欢迎。

           Once bitten, twice shy.

           一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。