4月27日英语新闻：回来世界变了？3名ISS宇航员返回地球

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Dictionary records virus impact
牛津词典收录疫情词汇

With terms such as WFH (work from home), social distancing and self-isolation now in common parlance, the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) has made an extraordinary update to include COVID-19 and words related to the pandemic in its definitive record of the English language. 
随着"在家办公"、"保持社交距离"和"自我隔离"等词汇成为常用词，《牛津英语词典》进行了一次非常规更新，将新冠肺炎疫情相关词汇纳入其中。

The OED's analysis of more than 8 billion words of online news stories found that coronavirus and COVID-19 are now dominating global discourse. "In January, the words mainly relate to naming and describing the virus: coronavirus, SARS, virus, human-to-human, respiratory, flu-like," said the OED in an analysis. 
《牛津英语词典》分析了包含80多亿个词汇的网络新闻，发现冠状病毒和新冠肺炎正主导着全球的讨论。《牛津英语词典》在分析中写道："1月的高频词主要与病毒的命名和描述有关：冠状病毒、非典、病毒、人传人、呼吸系统、流感样。

“By March, the keywords reflect the social impact of the virus, and issues surrounding the medical response: social distancing, self-isolation and self-quarantine, lockdown, non-essential (as in non-essential travel), and postpone are all especially frequent, as are PPE (personal protective equipment) and ventilator."
到了3月，关键词反映了新冠病毒的社会影响，以及医疗应对相关问题：保持社交距离、自我隔离、封锁、非必要的(如非必要的旅行)、推迟、个人防护用品和呼吸机等词汇的使用都特别频繁。"

重点词汇
1、parlance
英 /ˈpɑːləns/  美 /ˈpɑːrləns/
n. 说法；用语；语调；发言

2、social distancing
社会距离；社会差距

3、self-isolation
自我隔离

4、self-quarantine
自我隔离

5、lockdown
英 /ˈlɒkdaʊn/  美 /ˈlɑːkdaʊn/ 
n. 一级防范禁闭（期）

6、non-essential
adj. 非必需的，不重要的
n. 非必需品

Astronauts land back on Earth
3名ISS宇航员返回地球

Two NASA astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut on Friday made a safe return from the International Space Station (ISS) to find the planet transformed by the coronavirus pandemic. Andrew Morgan, Jessica Meir and Oleg Skripochka touched down in central Kazakhstan at 0516 GMT in the first returning mission since the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic in March. 
美国国家航空航天局两名宇航员和一名俄罗斯宇航员17日从国际空间站安全返回，却发现地球已经被新冠肺炎疫情改变。安德鲁·摩根、杰西卡·迈尔和奥列格·斯克里波奇卡于格林尼治标准时间5时16分降落在哈萨克斯坦中部地区。这是自世界卫生组织3月宣布新冠肺炎全球大流行以来的首次返回任务。

Unusually, NASA and Roscosmos did not show live footage of the trio parachuting down in their Soyuz landing capsule. This was scrapped "due to technical limitations associated with the epidemiological situation," Roscosmos said. Subsequent footage from the landing site showed recovery crews wearing face masks and rubber gloves as they hauled the crew members out of the Soyuz MS-15 capsule. "Please keep your distance," one ground crew member could be heard telling another. 
与以往不同的是，美国国家航空航天局和俄罗斯国家航天公司没有实况直播联盟号返回舱打开降落伞的着陆过程。俄罗斯国家航天公司说："由于与流行病学情况相关的技术限制"，这一环节被取消。随后播放的着陆地点拍摄的画面显示，地面接应人员戴着口罩和橡胶手套，把他们从联盟号MS-15返回舱中拉出来。从视频中可以听到，一名地面工作人员对另一人说："请保持距离。"

The crew will not be flying back home via Kazakhstan's Karaganda airport as usual because it has been shut down, like so many other airports across the world. Instead, Skripochka will fly from the Baikonur cosmodrome used to launch missions to the ISS while the NASA duo will take off in a plane from the steppe city of Kyzlorda after a drive of several hours.
三名宇航员无法使用卡拉干达机场这个常规中转站返回各自的国家，因为该机场像全球许多其他机场一样被关闭。斯克里波奇卡将从哈萨克斯坦的拜科努尔航天发射场飞回俄罗斯，这里也是国际空间站的任务发射基地。而美国国家航空航天局的两名宇航员将在驱车几小时后，从草原城市克孜勒奥尔达搭乘飞机。

重点词汇

1、cosmonaut
英 /ˈkɒzmənɔːt/ 美 /ˈkɑːzmənɔːt/
n. （俄）宇航员（等于astronaut）

2、touch down
降落；着陆；攻方持球触地得分

3、trio
英 /'triːəʊ/  美 /'trio/
n. 三重唱；三件一套；三个一组

4、parachute
英 /ˈpærəʃuːt/  美 /ˈpærəʃuːt/ 
n. 降落伞
vi. 跳伞；空投； 突然派到 (某机构以帮助该机构)

5、epidemiological
英 /ˌepɪˌdiːmiəˈlɒdʒɪkl/  美 /ˌepɪˌdiːmiəˈlɑːdʒɪkl/
adj. 流行病学的

6、steppe
英 /step/  美 /step/ 
n. 大草原，[地理] 干草原（特指西伯利亚一带没有树木的大草原）

Alcohol should be restricted
世卫:隔离期间应少饮酒

As millions of people move indoors to curb the spread of the coronavirus, the World Health Organization (WHO) suggested that governments should restrict access to alcohol during lockdowns. Drinking alcohol can compromise peoples' immune systems and make them more vulnerable to the adverse health effects of COVID-19, according to WHO. 
随着数百万人居家隔离以遏制新冠病毒的传播，世界卫生组织建议各国政府应在封锁期间限制酒精饮料的购买。世卫组织称，饮酒会损害人的免疫系统，使其更容易遭受新冠肺炎带来的负面健康影响。

Alcohol use is also associated with diseases and mental health disorders that can make a person more likely to contract COVID-19. Excessive drinking can also cause alcohol poisoning and increase the risk of violence among intimate partners.
饮酒还和各类疾病以及心理健康失常有关，让人更容易感染新冠肺炎。饮酒过量还会导致酒精中毒，增加对亲密伴侣施加暴力的风险。

'Tom and Jerry' director died
'猫和老鼠'导演戴奇去世

Gene Deitch, an American Oscar-winning illustrator, animator, film director and producer known for his direction of "Tom and Jerry" and some of the "Popeye the Sailor" series, died in Prague. He was 95. The news was revealed by his publisher, Petr Himmel, who said Deitch died unexpectedly in his apartment on April 16. No further details were released.
奥斯卡获奖插画师、动画师、电影导演和制作人吉恩·戴奇在布拉格去世，享年95岁。他因执导《猫和老鼠》和部分《大力水手》系列作品而家喻户晓。戴奇的出版人彼得·希梅尔发布了其去世的消息。希梅尔称戴奇16日在其公寓里意外去世，但没有透露更多细节。

Deitch directed 13 episodes of Tom and Jerry, which accompanied a generation of Chinese viewers throughout their childhood. Fans of the iconic cat and mouse duo mourned the passing of the director on China's social media, where many thanked Deitch for the happiness he brought to viewers' lives.
戴奇曾执导13部《猫和老鼠》，这部动画片曾伴随我国一代人度过童年时光。《猫和老鼠》的粉丝在中国社交媒体上对戴奇的去世表示哀悼，许多网友感谢他给观众带来了欢乐。

重点词汇
1、illustrator
英 /ˈɪləstreɪtə(r)/  美 /ˈɪləstreɪtər/
n. 插图画家；说明者；图解者

2、mourn
英 /mɔːn/  美 /mɔːrn/ 
v. 哀悼；忧伤；服丧； 为 (失去) …而痛惜

重点单词怎么读？

No.1 parlance

With terms such as WFH (work from home), social distancing and self-isolation now in common parlance.

No.2 epidemiological

This was scrapped "due to technical limitations associated with the epidemiological situation," Roscosmos said.

No.3 cosmodrome

Two NASA astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut on Friday made a safe return from the International Space Station (ISS) to find the planet transformed by the coronavirus pandemic.

No.4 illustrator

Gene Deitch, an American Oscar-winning illustrator, animator, film director and producer known for his direction of "Tom and Jerry" and some of the "Popeye the Sailor" series, died in Prague. 

No.5 mourn

Fans of the iconic cat and mouse duo mourned the passing of the director on China's social media, where many thanked Deitch for the happiness he brought to viewers' lives.

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