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College English Test Band 6

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will heartwo long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear fourquestions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Conversation One

M: Excuse me. Wheres your rock musicsection? ?

W: Rock music? Im sorry, were a jazz store.We dont have any rock and roll. ?

M: Oh, you only have jazz music? Nothingelse? ??

W: Thats right. Were the only record storein London dedicated exclusively to jazz.

Actually, were more than just a recordstore.

We have a caf and library upstairs and aticket office down the hall, where you can buy tickets to all the major jazzconcerts in the city.

Also, we have our own studio next door,where we produce albums for up-and-coming artists.

Were committed to fostering new musictalent.

M: Wow! Thats so cool! I guess theres notmuch of a jazz scene anymore. !!

Not like they used to be, but here youretrying to promote this great music genre.

W: Yes, indeed, nowadays most people liketo listen to pop and rock music.

Hip hop music from America is also gettingmore and more popular.

So as a result, therere fewer listeners ofjazz, which is a great shame, because its an incredibly rich genre.

But thats not to say there isnt any goodnew jazz music being made out there anymore.

Far from it. Its just a much smaller markettoday.

M: So how would you define jazz? ?

W: Well, interestingly enough, theres noagreed-upon definition of jazz.

Indeed, there are many different styles ofjazz. Some have singing, but most dont.

Some are electric and some arent. Somecontain live experimentation, but not always.

While theres no simple definition for it,and while therere many different styles of jazz, you simply know it when youhear it.

Honestly, the only way to know what jazzis, is listen to it yourself.

As a great trumpet player, Louis Armstrongsaid, if you gotta ask, youll never know.

Questions 1 to 4 are based on theconversation you have just heard.

1 What do we learn about the womans store? ?

2 What does the man say about jazz music? ?

3 What does the woman say about jazz? ?

4 What should you do to appreciatedifferent styles of jazz according to the woman? ?

Conversation Two

M: How did it go at the bank this morning? ?

W: Not well, my proposal was rejected.

M: Really, but why? ,?

W: Bunch of reasons. For starters, theysaid my credit history was not good enough.

M: Do they say how you could improve that? ?

W: Yes, they said that after five moreyears of paying my mortgage, 5

then I will become a more viable candidatefor a business loan.

But right now, its too risky for them tolend me money.

They fear I will default on any businessloan Im given.

M: Well, that doesnt sound fair. Your businessidea is amazing.

Did you show them your business plan? Whatdid they say? ??

W: They didnt really articulate anyposition regarding the actual business plan.

They simply looked at my credit history anddetermined it was not good enough.

They said the bank has strict guidelinesand requirements as to who they can lend money to.

And I simply dont meet their financialthreshold.

M: What if you ask for a smaller amount? ?

Maybe you could gather capital from othersources, smaller loans from more lenders? ?

W: You dont get it. It doesnt matter thesize of the loan I ask for or the type of business I propose. Thats allinconsequential.

The first thing every bank will do isstudying how much money I have and how much debt I have before they decidewhether or not to lend me any more money.

If I want to continue ahead with this dreamof owning my own business, I have no other choice but to build up my ownfinances.

I need around 20% more in personal savingsand 50% less debt. Thats all there is to it. 20%50%

M: I see now. Well, its a huge pity thatthey rejected your request, but dont lose hope.

I still think that your idea is great andthat you will turn it into a phenomenal success.

Questions 5 to 8 are based on theconversation you have just heard.

5 What did the woman do this morning? ?

6 Why was the womans proposal rejected? ?

7 What is the woman planning to do? ?

8 What does the man suggest the woman do? ?

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will heartwo passages.

At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions.

Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once.

After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Theres a lot about Leo Sanchez and his farmin Salinas, California that seems unusual.

The national average farm size is around440 acres, but his is only one acre. 440

The average age of farmers hovers around 58years old, but he is just 26. 5826

And Sanchez constantly attempts to improveeverything from seeding techniques out in the field to the promotion and saleof his produce online.

This is evidence of an experimentalapproach.

Its an approach not dictated by theconfines of conventional, large-scale agriculture led by internationalcorporations.

While farming is often difficult for boththe body and mind,

Sanchez says he and many of his fellowyoung farmers are motivated by a desire to set a new standard for agriculture.

Many of them are employing a multitude oftechnologies, some new and some... not so new.

Recently, Sanchez bought a hand-operatedtool which pulls out weeds and loosens soil.

It actually dates back to at least 1701. 1701

It stands in sharp contrast to Sanchezsother gadget: a gas-powered flame weed-killer invented in 1997. :1997

He simply doesnt discriminate when it comesto the newness of tools. If it works, it works.

Farmers have a long history of invention,and its no different today.

Young farmers are guided by their love ofagriculture and aided by their knowledge of technology.

To find inexpensive and appropriately-sizedtools, they collaborate and innovate.

Sometimes the old stuff just works better,or more efficiently.

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passageyou have just heard.

9 What do we learn about Leo Sanchezs farm??

10 What has motivated Leo Sanchez and hisfellow young farmers to engage in farming? ?

11 Why did Leo Sanchez buy a hand-operatedweeding tool? ?

Passage Two

Eat Grub is Britains first new food companythat breaks western food boundaries by introducing edible insects as a newsource of food. Eat Grub

And Sainsburys is the first UK supermarketto stock the companys crunchy roasted crickets.

Sainsburys insists that such food is nojoke and could be a new, sustainable source of protein.

Out of curiosity, I paid a visit toSainsburys.

As I put my hand into a packet of cricketswith their tiny eyes and legs, the idea of one going in my mouth made me feel alittle sick.

But the first bite was a pleasant surprise.

A little dry and lacking of taste, but atleast a wing didnt get stuck in my throat.

The roasted seasoning largely overpoweredany other flavour although there was slightly bitter aftertaste.

The texture was crunchy, but smelt a littleof cat food.

Eat Grub also recommends the crickets as atopping for noodles, soups and salads. Eat Grub

The company boasts that its dried cricketscontain more protein than beef, chicken and pork, as well as minerals like ironand calcium.

Unlike the production of meat, bugs do notuse up large amounts of land, water or feed,

and insect farming also produces far fewergreenhouse gases.

However, despite two billion peopleworldwide already supplementing their diet with insects, 20

consumer disgust remains a large barrier inmany western countries.

Im not sure bugs will become a popularsnack anytime soon, but theyre definitely food for thought.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passageyou have just heard.

12 What do we learn from the passage aboutthe food company Eat Grub? Eat Grub?

13 What does the speaker say about hisfirst bite a roasted crickets? ?

14 What does Eat Grub say about its driedcrickets? Eat Grub?

15 What does the passage say about insectfarming? ?

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hearthree recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.

The recordings will be played only once.

After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Recording One

Have you ever had someone try to explainsomething to you a dozen times with no luck :

but then, when you see a picture, the ideafinally clicks? ?

If that sounds familiar, maybe you mightconsider yourself a visual learner.

Or, if reading or listening does the trick,maybe you feel like youre a verbal learner.

We call these labels learning styles, butis there really a way to categorize different types of students? ?

Well, it actually seems that multiplepresentation formats, especially if one of them is visual, help most peoplelearn.

When psychologists and educators test forlearning styles,

theyre trying to figure out whether theseare inherent traits that affect how well students learn, instead of just apreference.

Usually, they start by giving a survey tofigure out what style a student favors, like visual or verbal learning.

Then, they try to teach the studentssomething with a specific presentation style,

like using visual aids, and do a follow-uptest to see how much they learned.

That way, the researchers can see if theself-identified verbal learners really learned better when the information wasjust spoken aloud, for example.

But, according to a 2008 review, only onestudy that followed this design found that students actually learned best withtheir preferred style. 2008

But the study had some big flaws.

The researchers excluded two thirds of theoriginal participants

because they didnt seem to have any clearlearning style from the survey at the beginning,

and they didnt even report the actual testscores in the final paper.

So... it doesnt really seem like learningstyles are an inherent trait that we all have.

But, that doesnt mean that all studentswill do amazingly if they just spend all their time reading from a textbook.

Instead, most people seem to learn betterif theyre taught in several ways, especially if one is visual.

In one study, researchers tested whetherstudents remembered lists of words better if they heard them, saw them, orboth.

And everyone seemed to do better if theygot to see the words in print, even the self-identified auditory learners.

Their preference didnt seem to matter.

Similar studies tested whether studentslearned basic physics and chemistry concepts better by reading plain text orviewing pictures, too.

And everyone did better with the help ofpictures.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on therecording you have just heard.

16 Why do psychologists and educators studylearning styles? ?

17 What does the speaker say about onestudy mentioned in the 2008 review? 2008?

18 What message does the speaker want toconvey about learning at the end of talk? ?

Recording Two

Free-market capitalism hasnt freed usit hastrapped us. Its imperative for us to embrace a workplace revolution.

We are unlikely to spend our last momentsregretting that we didnt spend enough of our lives slaving away at work.

We may instead find ourselves feelingguilty about the time we didnt spend watching our children grow,

or with our loved ones, or travelling, oron the cultural or leisure pursuits that bring us happiness.

Unfortunately, the average full-timeemployee in the world works 42 hours a week, well over a third of the time weare awake. 42

Some of our all too precious time is beingstolen: office workers do around two billion hours of unpaid overtime eachyear. :20

So it is extremely welcome that somegovernment coalitions have started looking into potentially cutting the workingweek to four days. 4

The champions of free market capitalismpromised their way of life would bring us freedom.

But it wasnt freedom at all: from the lackof secure, affordable housing :

to growing job insecurity and risingpersonal debt, the individual is trapped.

Nine decades ago, leading economistspredicted that 90

technological advances and risingproductivity would mean that wed be working a 15-hour week by now: 15:

that target has been somewhat missed.

Here is the most malignant threat to ourpersonal freedom,

particularly as the balance of power in theworkplace has been shifted so dramatically from worker to boss.

A huge portion of our lives involves thesurrender of our freedom and personal autonomy.

Its time in which we are directed by theneeds and desires of others, and denied the right to make our own choices.

Thats bad for us: it is hardly surprisingthat over half a million workers suffer from work-related mental healthconditions each year, :50

or that 15.4 million working days were lostto work-related stress last year, a jump of nearly a quarter. 1540

Yes, there are those who, far from being overworked,actually seek more hours.

But a shorter working week would enable usto redistribute hours from the overworked to the underworked.

We need to look at ways of cutting theworking week without slashing living standards: :

after all, the worlds workers have alreadysuffered the worst deduction in wages since the early 1800s. 19

And cutting the working week would beconducive to the individual, giving millions of workers more time to spend asthey see fit.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on therecording you have just heard.

19 What do people often feel guilty aboutaccording to the speaker ?

20 What did leading economists predict 90years ago? 90?

21 What is the result of denying workersright to make their own choices? ?

Recording Three

Today Im going to talk about Germanys dreamairport in Berlin.

The airport looks exactly like every othermajor modern airport in Europe, except for one big problem: :

more than seven years after it wasoriginally supposed to open, it still stands empty.

Germany is known for its efficiency andrefined engineering,

but when it comes to its new ghost airportthis reputation could not be further from the truth.

Plagued by long delays, perpetual mismanagementand ever-soaring costs,

the airport has become something of a jokeamong Germans

and a source of frustration for localpoliticians, business leaders and residents alike.

Planning for the new airport began in 1989.1989

At the time, it became clear that thenewly-reunified Berlin would need a modern airport with far greater capacitythan its existing airports.

The city broke ground on the new airport in2006. 2006

The first major sign of problems came insummer 2010, 2010

when the construction corporation pushedthe opening from October 2011 to June 2012. 20111020126

In 2012, the city planned an openingceremony but less than a month beforehand, 2012

inspectors found significant problems withthe fire safety system

and pushed the opening back again to 2013. 2013

It wasnt just the smoke system: many othermajor problems subsequently emerged. :

More than 90 metres of cable wereincorrectly installed; 4,000 doors were wrongly numbered; 90;4000;

escalators were too short, and there was ashortage of check-in desks.

So why, with so many problems discovered,didnt the airport corporation decide to give up on the project and start over? ?

The reason is simple: people are oftenhesitant to terminate a project when theyve already invested time or resourcesinto it, :

even if it might make logical sense to doso.

The longer the delays continued, the moreproblems inspectors found.

Leadership of the planning corporation haschanged hands nearly as many times as the opening date has been pushed back.

Initially, rather than appointing a generalcontractor to run the project,

the corporation decided to manage itthemselves despite lack of experience with an undertaking of that scale.

To compound the delays, the unused airportis resulting in massive costs.

Every month it remains unopened costsbetween 9 and 10 million euros. 9001000

Assuming all goes well, the airport shouldopen in October 2020. 202010

But the still-empty airport stands as thebiggest embarrassment to Germanys reputation for efficiency

and a continuing drain on city and stateresources.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on therecording you have just heard.

22 What does the speaker say about thedream airport in Berlin? ?

23 Why was there a need for a new airportin Berlin? ?

24 Why did Berlin postpone the opening ofits dream airport again and again? ?

25 What happens while the airport remainsunused? ?

This is the end of Listening Comprehension.