7月8日英语：Dogs' eyes appeal to humans 小狗萌萌的'无辜眼' 原来是进化结果

Music students good learners
会乐器的学生成绩更好?

High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology. School administrators needing to trim budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will underperform in those disciplines. 
《教育心理学》期刊上发表的一项新研究表明，参加音乐课程的高中生在数学、科学和英语考试中的成绩明显好于未参加音乐课的同龄人。学校管理者在需要削减经费时常常首先考虑对音乐课程下刀，因为人们普遍认为学生在音乐上多花时间，就会在数学、科学、和英语上少花时间，从而影响这些科目的成绩。

"Our research proved this belief wrong. Skills learned in instrumental music transfer very broadly to the students' learning in school," said the study's co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in the University of British Columbia. 
英属哥伦比亚大学助理教授、该研究的联合作者马丁•古恩表示，研究证明这种想法是错误的，在器乐方面学到的技能大部分都能转移到学生在学校的学习中。

"A student has to learn to read music notation, develop eye-hand-mind coordination, develop keen listening skills, develop team skills for playing in an ensemble and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in enhancing the learner's cognitive capacities, executive functions, motivation to learn in school, and self-efficacy."

"学生必须学会识谱，培养眼手脑协调能力、敏锐的听力和团队合奏技巧，还必须勤奋练习。所有这些学习经验，都在提高学习者的认知能力、执行力、在学校学习的驱动力，以及自我效能方面发挥了作用。"

Dogs' eyes appeal to humans

狗狗'无辜眼'系进化结果

Researchers have found that dogs have evolved muscles around their eyes, which allow them to make expressions that particularly appeal to humans. A small facial muscle allows dog eyes to mimic an "infant-like" expression which prompts a "nurturing response". 

研究人员发现，狗的眼周肌肉已经进化到能够让它们做出特别吸引人类的表情。狗的眼部有一小块肌肉，可以让狗狗的眼睛模仿"婴儿般的"表情，从而激发人类的"养育反应"。

The findings, from UK and US researchers in anatomy and comparative psychology, show that the facial change has developed over thousands of years of dogs living alongside humans. Anatomist and report co-author, Professor Anne Burrows of Duquesne University in the US, says that in evolutionary terms the changes to dogs' facial muscles was "remarkably fast" and could be "directly linked to dogs' enhanced social interaction with humans". 

英国和美国的解剖学和比较心理学研究人员的研究结果表明，这种面部变化是在狗和人类生活在一起的数千年里形成的。该研究报告的合著者、解剖学家、美国杜肯大学教授安妮•巴罗斯说，从进化角度看，狗面部肌肉的变化"非常快"，可能"和狗与人类互动密切直接相关"。

The findings, says Professor Bridget Waller of the University of Portsmouth, show "how important faces can be in capturing our attention, and how powerful facial expression can be in social interaction".

朴茨茅斯大学布里奇特•沃勒教授表示，这些发现表明，面部表情在吸引我们的注意力方面有多么重要，在社交互动中有多么强大。

Constellation of 192 satellites

我国将建'人工智能星座'

China is planning to launch a constellation of 192 remote sensing satellites by 2020, reports China Central Television. Artificial intelligence technology will process the images captured by the satellites, which will have sensors with multiple resolutions. This will allow poor quality images to be filtered out so that only useful data is beamed back to earth. 

据央视报道，到2021年，我国将建成由192颗多种分辨率的遥感卫星组成的卫星组网。人工智能技术将自主处理卫星拍摄到的图片，过滤掉模糊影像，只将有效数据传回地面。

Scientists working on the project are also attempting to enable the constellation to be self-piloting. When complete, the project is expected to provide better data for environmental monitoring, disaster prevention and mitigation, and traffic management.

项目科研人员还在试图让卫星组网实现"无人驾驶"。这个"人工智能星座"建成后预计将为环保监测、防灾减灾、交通管理等领域提供更好的数据。

Slum tour becomes popular

贫民窟成印度热门景点

A tour of one of the world's biggest slums has been voted tourists' most popular attraction in India, according to travel site TripAdvisor. The sprawling Dharavi slum in Mumbai just became the favorite tourist experience of 2019 in India and even beat the Taj Mahal, said TripAdvisor's Travelers' Choice Awards. 

据旅游网站猫途鹰的消息，世界上最大的贫民窟之一被票选为印度最受欢迎的旅游景点。该网站的"旅行者之选"奖项结果显示，在孟买蔓延成片的达拉维贫民窟竟然击败泰姬陵，成为2019年游客体验最佳的印度旅游地。

Slum tours around the world have become more and more popular in recent years and are the source of much discussion over their ethics. Critics claim they are exploitative and poor areas are even cleared out or "sanitized" by police before tourists visit, meaning those who live in these areas are forced to go along.

近年来，贫民窟旅游在世界各地变得越来越受欢迎，也引发了有关其伦理性的讨论。批评人士称，贫民窟了充满剥削性，甚至在游客到来之前贫民窟就已经被警方"清理"过了，这意味着原住民被迫搬离。

Proponents however say any responsible tour is carried out by proud residents who show that their home is more than a slum and promote the enterprise and ingenuity within them.

然而支持者称，任何负责任的贫民窟旅游都应该由自豪的居民带领，向游客展示自己的家不只是一个贫民窟，宣传本地区的企业和匠心。