[详解] 英语四级单词磨耳朵(551-570)|每天打卡,跟我背单词

正确字幕请看这里！！

2023年元月15日 本集更新为详解版

551. advertise：/ˈædvərtaɪz/ v.（尤指为了销售某物）登广告，做广告，宣传；公布；征聘【They no longer advertise alcohol or cigarettes at sporting events. 他们不再在体育赛事上为酒或香烟做广告。// Many companies will only advertise in the Sunday paper. 许多公司只会在星期日的报纸上登广告。】

552. allowance：/əˈlaʊəns/ n. 津贴；补贴；补助【Sales staff get a generous mileage allowance or a company car. 销售人员可以获得丰厚的里程津贴或公司用车。// If you are entitled to sickness allowance, you must claim it from your employer. 如果你有权领取疾病津贴，你必须向雇主申请。】；定量；限额【Passengers’baggage allowance is 75 pounds per person. 旅客行李限重为每人75镑。// the recommended daily allowance of Vitamin C 建议的每日维生素C摄入量】； 免税额【a new tax allowance 新的免税额】；父母给孩子的钱，零花钱（英式英语用 pocket money）【Some students have an allowance from their parents. 有些学生从父母那里得到零花钱。】；make allowance(s) for sth 考虑到，估计到（如在决策或计划时）【The budget made allowance for inflation. 预算考虑到了通货膨胀。// The plan makes no allowance for people working at different rates. 这个计划没有把人们工作速度不同考虑在内。】；make allowances (for sb) 体谅；谅解【He's tired so I'll make allowances for him. 他很累，所以我会体谅他。】

553. rust：/rʌst/ n. 锈；铁锈【There were large patches of rust on the car. 汽车上有大片锈迹。】；v. (使)生锈【The metal had begun to rust. 金属开始生锈了。// The gate was old and badly rusted. 大门破旧不堪，锈得很厉害。】

554. channel：/ˈtʃænl/ n. 电视台；（电视或广播）频道；波段【Disney Channel 迪斯尼频道 // The kids are watching cartoons on the Disney Channel. 孩子们正在迪斯尼频道看动画片。// He changed channels to watch the basketball game. 他换了频道观看篮球比赛。// You have to pay a monthly fee of $9.99 to subscribe to this channel in English. 你得支付9.99美元的月费才能订阅这个英语频道。】；（交流的）途径，渠道【The U.S. is working through diplomatic channels to find a solution. 美国正在通过外交渠道寻求解决方案。// It is important that we open channels of communication with the police. 重要的是，我们要与警方建立沟通渠道。】；（提供产品、信息等的）途径；渠道；方法；系统【The new software will be sold through existing distribution channels. 新软件将通过现有的销售渠道销售。// The insurer sells its products through a variety of distribution channels, including banks. 保险公司通过包括银行在内的各种渠道销售其产品。】；水道；航道；水渠；沟渠；河槽；海峡【Bristol Channel 布里斯托尔海峡 // St George's Channel 圣乔治海峡 // an irrigation channel 灌溉渠】；（机场或港口检查旅客行李的）通道【If you have nothing to declare, go through the green channel. 如果你没有东西要申报，就走绿色通道。】；v. （利用某途径）输送资金（或能量等），提供帮助；引导；把…导入，将…引入【Most of his energy was channeled into writing and lecturing. 他的大部分精力都用于写作和演讲。// Money for the project will be channelled through local government. 这个项目的资金将由地方政府提供。】；（经过通道）输送，传送【Drugs from government pharmacies were being channeled into illegal drug markets. 来自政府药店的药品被输送到非法药品市场。】

555. tag：/tæɡ/ n. 标签；标牌【a price tag 价格标签 // Personal freedom comes with a price tag. 自由是要付出代价的。// All the staff wore name tags. 所有员工都佩戴着名牌。】；称呼；诨名【They are finally ready to drop the tag ‘the new Beatles’. 他们终于准备放弃“新披头士乐队”这一称谓。】；v. 给…加上标签，给…贴上标签，给…挂上标牌【Each animal was tagged with a number for identification. 每只动物都系上了标有号码的小牌，以便辨认。】；把…称作；给（某人）起诨名【The country no longer wanted to be tagged as a Third World nation. 这个国家不愿意再被称为第三世界国家。】；tag along (behind/with sb) 跟随，尾随（尤指未经同意或邀请）【James doesn't want his little brother to tag along.  James不想让他弟弟跟着。// She might punch me in the eye again if I tag along.  如果我再跟着，她可能会再揍我一顿。】

556. bulk：/bʌlk/ n. 主体；大部分 the bulk (of sth)【The bulk of the population lives in cities. 大多数人口居住在城市里。// The bulk of the work is done. There are just a few bits and pieces left now. 大部分工作已经完成。现在只剩下一些零碎的东西了。】；巨大的东西；大块，大团；大规模；大量【She eased her large bulk out of the chair. 她缓缓地将她那庞大的身躯从椅子上挪开。// Despite its bulk and weight, the car is extremely fast. 尽管这辆车大而且重，速度却非常快。// It's cheaper to buy in bulk. 大批购买便宜些。// The office buys paper in bulk to keep down costs. 办公室批量买进纸张以减少成本。】

557. branch：/brɑːntʃ/，/bræntʃ/ n. 树枝【The topmost branches were full of birds. 最顶端的树枝上停满了鸟儿。<topmost /ˈtɑːpmoʊst/ 最顶端的;最高的;最上面的> // The fruit on the lower branches was protected from the sun. 下边树枝上的果子见不到阳光。】；（公司/企业）分支机构；分部；分行；分店【The bank has branches all over the country. 该银行在全国各地都有分行。// They're planning to open a branch in St. Louis next year. 他们计划明年在圣路易斯开一家分店。】；政府部门；分支机构【All branches of government are having to cut costs. 所有政府部门都必须削减成本。】；（学科及语言的）分支【the branch of computer science known as ‘artificial intelligence’ 被称为“人工智能”的计算机科学分支】；一部分；家族分支；支族，旁系【the wealthy South American branch of the family 家族中富有的南美分支 // One branch of their family (= one group of relatives) emigrated to Brazil. 他们家族的一支移居到了巴西。// Immunology is a branch of biological science. 免疫学是生物科学的一个分支。<Immunology /ˌɪmjuˈnɑːlədʒi/ 免疫，免疫学>】；支流；岔路；（血管）分枝【This branch of the river eventually empties into the Atlantic. 大河的这条支流最终注入大西洋。】；v. 出枝；发出新枝；分岔，岔开【The top of the tree had been cut off to encourage it to branch (out) lower down. 树冠已被砍去，目的是为了促使它从下面抽出新枝。// The road branches at the bottom of the hill. 公路在山脚下分岔。// Peter doesn't want to hang out just with the same friends all the time. He wants to branch out and meet new people.  Peter不想一直和同一个朋友在一起。他想扩大范围，结识新朋友。<branch out 扩大范围 ; 拓展领域> 】

558. garlic：/ˈɡɑːr.lɪk/ n.大蒜【I love eating garlic, but sometimes it can make your breath a bit smelly. 我喜欢吃大蒜，但有时它会让你的呼吸有口气。】

559. monthly：/ˈmʌnθli/ adj. 每月的；每月一次的；按月（的）；按月结算的；有效期为一个月的【Those with outstanding records will receive a scholarship and monthly allowance for four years. 成绩优异者将获得奖学金和为期四年的每月津贴。// You have to pay a monthly fee of $9.99 to subscribe to this channel in English. 你得支付9.99美元的月费才能订阅这个英语频道。// Newspapers are published daily while magazines are published weekly or monthly. 报纸每天出版，杂志每周或每月出版。】；n. （杂志）月刊

560. alcohol：/ˈælkəhɒl/ n. 酒；酒精，乙醇；含酒精饮料；酒【I don't drink alcohol anymore. 我不再喝酒了。// people with alcohol problems (=people who drink too much) 酗酒的人 // alcohol abuse (=when someone drinks too much) 酗酒 // low alcohol drinks 低度酒精饮料 // I drank no alcohol all evening, so I was stone-cold sober and able to drive. 我整个晚上都不喝酒，所以我非常清醒，能够开车。<stone-cold sober 滴酒未沾的；完全清醒的>】

561. alcoholic：/ˌælkəˈhɒlɪk/ adj. 酒精的；含酒精的【alcoholic beverages / alcoholic drinks 酒精饮料 // Do you serve any non-alcoholic beers? 你们供应不含酒精的啤酒吗？】；饮酒引起的【The guests left in an alcoholic haze. 客人们醉醺醺地离去了。】；n. 酗酒者，嗜酒者

562. superb：/sjuːˈpɜːb/ ，/sʊˈpɜːrb/ adj.极好的，超级的，杰出的，卓越的；质量极高的【The food was superb. 食物棒极了。// He is a superb dancer. 他是一个杰出的舞蹈家。】

563. faithful：/ˈfeɪθfəl/ adj. 忠实的；忠诚的【a faithful friend 忠实的朋友 // His faithful old dog accompanied him everywhere he went. 无论去哪里，他那条忠诚的老狗总是伴他左右。// He remained faithful to the ideals of the party. 他对党的理想坚贞不移。】；（配偶或性伴侣）忠诚的，忠贞的【He was faithful to his wife throughout their 30-year marriage. 在30年的婚姻生活中，他一直忠于他的妻子。】；如实的，丝毫不作改动的，丝毫不变的【His translation manages to be faithful to the spirit of the original. 他的译文做到了忠于原文的精神。// She gave a faithful account of what had happened on that night. 她如实讲述了那晚发生的事情。】；虔诚的【faithful Christians 虔诚的基督徒 // faithful followers of Buddhism 佛教的忠实信徒】；n. 忠实支持者【He gave a rousing speech to a room full of party faithfuls (= faithful supporters of a political party). 他向满屋子的该政党拥护者们发表了激动人心的讲话。】

564. faith：/feɪθ/ n. 信任；相信；信心【I still have faith in him. 我仍然相信他。// ‘Have faith, Alexandra, ’ he said. “别气馁，Alexandra！”他说。// The public has lost faith in the government. 公众对政府失去了信心。<have faith in 相信，信任> // It's really helped restore my faith in human nature. 这真有助于重拾我对人性得信心。// He has blind faith (= unreasonable trust) in doctors' ability to find a cure. 他盲目相信医生有妙手回春的能力。】；（某一）宗教；宗教信仰【the Christian faith 基督教 // the Buddhist faith 佛教 // a multi-faith society 宗教信仰多元化的社会 // Even in the bad times she never lost her faith. 即使在困难时期，她也从未丧失信仰。// Faith is stronger than reason. 信仰比理智更有力。】

565. realm：/relm/ n. 领域；场所；王国【in the realm of literature 在文学领域内 // Her interests are in the realm of practical politics. 她的兴趣在于实用政治。// At the end of the speech he seemed to be moving into the realms of fantasy. 讲话的最后，他似乎进入了虚幻的境地。// the defence of the realm 保卫王国 // The matter was hotly debated in all the towns of the realm. 此事在该王国内的各个城镇都进行了激烈的讨论。】

566. cross：/krɒs/，/krɔːs/ v. 越过；横穿；横渡；横跨；穿越；使交叉【It's easy to have an accident just crossing the road. 横穿马路很容易发生事故。// Look both ways before you cross over (= cross the road). 过马路前先要左右看看。// It's much safer to cross the road at the pedestrian crossing. 在人行横道过马路要安全得多。// The bridge crosses the River Dee. 这座桥横跨迪河。// The roads cross just outside the town. 这些道路正好在城外交叉。// She sat with her legs crossed. 她跷着二郎腿坐着。】；与…作对；惹恼【He hated anyone who crossed him. 他恨所有与他作对的人。】；使杂交；使异种交配【a flower produced by crossing several different varieties 几种不同品种杂交而成的花 // These cattle were crossed with a breed from the highlands. 这些牛与来自高地的品种杂交。】；（体育运动，尤其是足球等球类运动）横传【He crossed (the ball) to Bremer, who somehow failed to score from two metres out. 他把球横传给布莱梅，可是不知怎么的布莱梅两米外射门却没有射中。】；cross sb's mind （念头）闪现，掠过；想起，记起【It crossed my mind yesterday that you must be short of staff. 昨天我突然想起你一定缺人手。// It never once crossed my mind that she might be unhappy. 我从没想过她可能会不高兴。】；cross your fingers 祈求成功（有时使手指交叉为祈求好运的手势）【I'm crossing my fingers that my proposal will be accepted. 但愿我的建议能被采纳。// Keep your fingers crossed! 祈求好运吧！】；n. （标示位置或错误的）叉号（X）；十字架；十字形物件；十字勋章；混合物；杂种；混血儿【Their dog is a cross between two well-known breeds. 他们的狗是两个著名品种的杂交种。 】；（球类运动）横传【He headed the ball into the net, after a great cross from Pele. 他接贝利一记精妙横传，一甩头把球送入了网窝。】

567. crosswalk：/ˈkrɒswɔːk/，/ˈkrɒːswɒːk/ n. 人行横道（美式常用 zebra crossing）

568. scrape：/skreɪp/ v.去除；刮；擦【Scrape the carrots and slice them thinly. 把胡萝卜刮干净，切成薄片。// The earth was scraped away to uncover a trapdoor. 泥土被刮掉，露出一个活板门。// The two of them scraped their dishes clean. 他们俩把盘子擦干净了。】；刮坏；擦伤；蹭破【I heard the side of the car scrape against the wall. 我听到汽车的侧面剐蹭到墙上的声音。】；发出刺耳的刮擦声【 I could hear his pen scraping across the paper. 我听得见他的钢笔在纸上沙沙地响。】；艰难取得；勉强获得【 I just scraped a pass in the exam. 我考试勉强及格。】；n.（由于自身愚蠢而招致的）困境，危境【He got into all sorts of scrapes as a boy. 他小时候陷入各种困境。】；擦伤；擦痕【I came away from the accident with only cuts and scrapes. 我在事故中只受了划伤和擦伤。】

569. iron：/ˈaɪərn/ n. 铁；铁器；金属工具【the iron and steel industry 钢铁工业 // a driveway with large iron gates 有大铁门的车道】；熨斗【a steam iron 蒸汽熨斗】；（高尔夫球运动中的）铁头球杆，铁杆【He'll probably use a 2 or 3 iron for the shot. 他这一击很可能要用2号或3号铁头球杆。】；v. 熨（衣），烫平【It takes about five minutes to iron a shirt properly. 熨好一件衬衣大约需要5分钟。// I need to iron clothes today. 我今天需要熨衣服。】；iron something out 解决；消除【I'm sure we can iron this out. 我相信我们能解决这个问题。】；adj. 坚强的；强硬坚定的；极强壮的【I think you have to have an iron will to make some of these decisions. 我认为你得有钢铁般的意志才能作出这些决定。// She was known as the ‘Iron Lady’. 大家都称她为“铁娘子”。】

570. structure：/ˈstrʌktʃər/ n. 结构；构造；机构；体系【A new management structure has been introduced. 引入了新的管理结构。// the grammatical structure of a sentence 句子的语法结构 // The logical structure of complex propositions. 复杂命题的逻辑结构。// She had a beautiful face with very good bone structure. 她有一张漂亮的脸蛋，并且骨骼结构非常好。 】；结构体；（尤指）大型建筑物【The structure had been designed to withstand winds. 这座建筑的设计能抵御风。】；v. 构成；组织【How well does the teacher structure the lessons? 老师对课程组织安排得如何？// The exhibition is structured around the themes of work and leisure. 展览是围绕工作与休闲的主题来布置的。】