[详解] 英语四级单词磨耳朵(531-550)|每天打卡,跟我背单词

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2023年元月10日更新为详解版。

531. treatment：/ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 治疗，医治；疗法；疗程【There have been great advances in the treatment of cancer. 在癌症治疗方面取得了巨大进展。// The best treatment for a cold is to rest and drink lots of fluids. 感冒的最佳治疗方法是休息并大量饮水。// The doctor thinks he needs medical treatment. 医生认为他需要医学治疗。// No effective treatment exists for this highly infectious disease. 这种高度传染性的疾病没有有效的治疗方法。】；对待；待遇；处理【special treatment 特殊待遇 // Civil rights groups have complained about the harsh treatment of prisoners. 民权团体对囚犯受到的虐待表示不满。<harsh /hɑːrʃ/ 严厉的;严酷的;恶劣的;残酷的> // The two young princes were not singled out for special treatment at school. 这两位年轻的王子在学校没有受到特殊对待。// Just lately, Kyra has been giving me the silent treatment (=refusing to speak to me because she is angry with me). 最近，Kyra一直对我不理不睬。<the silent treatment 不理睬，置之不理> 】；处理；治理；护理【the treatment of polluted rivers 污染河流的治理 // Heat treatment extends the shelf life of foods and beverages. 热处理延长了食品和饮料的保质期。】

532. treat：/triːt/ v. 以…态度对待；以…方式对待【She treats me like one of the family. 她把我当作一家人(对待)。// Penny doesn't think her co-workers treat her as an equal.  Penny认为她的同事们没有平等对待她。// He treated his automobiles almost as tenderly as he did his wife. 他对待汽车就像对待妻子一样温柔。// The prisoners were well treated by their guards. 囚犯们受到警卫的良好对待。// I don't know why he stays with her – she treats him like dirt. 我不知道他为什么和她在一起——她根本不把他放在眼里。// You have to treat him with kid gloves: he's the boss's son. 你必须谨慎对待他：他是老板的儿子。<with kid gloves 审慎周到，小心谨慎>】；把…看作；把…视为【Please treat this information as completely confidential. 请将此信息视为完全机密。// Any complaint about safety standards must be treated very seriously. 任何有关安全标准的投诉都必须严肃对待。】；医疗；医治；治疗【It was difficult to treat patients because of a shortage of medicine. 由于药物短缺，治疗病人很困难。// Nowadays, malaria can be treated with drugs. 如今，疟疾可以用药物治疗。// This is the medication she's taking to treat her disease. 这是她用来治疗疾病的药物。】；招待；款待；请（客）；买（可享受的东西）【I treated myself to a new dress. 我给自己买了一件新衣服。// It's my treat today. Let me pick up the tab. 今天我请客。让我来付账。<pick up the tab 付账，承担费用> // Do you want to go grab a beer? I'll treat. 你想去喝杯啤酒吗？我请客。】；（利用化学物质或反应）处理，保护，保存【sewage treated so that it can be used as fertilizer 污水经过处理，可以用作肥料 <sewage /ˈsuːɪdʒ/ 污水；污物>】

533. disguise：/dɪsˈɡaɪz/ v. 假扮；装扮；给…化装，给…乔装打扮；伪装；将…伪装起来【Maybe you could disguise yourself as a waiter and sneak in there. 也许你可以装扮成一个服务员，然后偷偷进去。// He escaped across the border disguised as a priest. 他伪装成牧师越境逃走。// There's no way you can disguise that southern accent. 你无法掩饰你的南方口音。// a letter bomb disguised as a musical greetings card  伪装成音乐贺卡的信件炸弹】；掩饰，隐藏（观点、感受等）【Try as he might, Dan couldn't disguise his feelings for Katie. 尽管他尽力了，Dan还是无法掩饰他对Katie的感情。// I couldn't disguise my disappointment. 我无法掩饰我的失望。// There's no disguising the fact that business is bad. 生意不好这一事实是无法掩饰的。<disguise the fact (that)> 】；n. 假扮；装扮；伪装【This criminal was a master of disguise. 这个罪犯是个伪装高手。】；化装用具（服饰）；用于伪装的东西【He put on a large hat and glasses as a disguise and hoped no one would recognize him. 他戴上大帽子和眼镜来伪装自己，希望没人会认出他来。】；a blessing in disguise 因祸得福；坏事变好事【Losing his job was a blessing in disguise because he found a much better job with a nicer boss.  失去那份工作是因祸得福，因为他找到了一份更好的工作，有了一个更好的老板。// Getting fired is a blessing in disguise. Now I have time to write my novel.  被解雇是因祸得福。现在我有时间写小说了。】

534. switch：/swɪtʃ/ v. （使）改变，转变，突变【She worked as a librarian before switching to journalism. 在转行从事新闻工作之前，她是一名图书管理员。// The terrorists will switch tactics. 恐怖分子将改变策略。// He switched sides just days before the election. 就在选举前几天，他改变了立场。// We want to switch focus away from criticism. 我们想把注意力从批评上转移开。】；交换；掉换；转换；对调【Tim may switch his BMW for something else. 蒂姆可能会把他的宝马换成别的车。// We've switched the meeting from Tuesday to Thursday. 我们把会议从星期二改到了星期四。】；调班；临时掉换工作时间【Tom said he'd switch with me on Saturday. 汤姆说他星期六跟我调班 // He asked if we could switch shifts. 他问我们是否可以换班。】；打开（开关）；关闭（开关）；转换【switch the TV off/ switch the TV on  关／开电视】；n. （电路的）开关，闸，转换器【Where's the light switch? 电灯开关在哪儿？// Tom flicked the switch, but nothing happened. 汤姆轻按开关，但什么也没发生。// She claims she is willing to throw the switch of the electric chair. 她声称她愿意关掉电椅的开关。】；（尤指突然彻底的）改变，转变【an important policy switch 重要的策略转变 // the switch from agriculture to dairy production 从农业转向乳品生产 // More shoppers are making the switch to organic food. 越来越多的购物者开始转向有机食品。】

535. indeed：/ɪnˈdiːd/ adv. （强调肯定的陈述或答复）的确，实在；确实，当然【The blood tests prove that Vince is indeed the father. 验血证明Vince确实是父亲。// ‘Would it help if you had an assistant?’ ‘It would indeed.’“如果你有个助手会有帮助吗？”当然会有帮助”】；(用于引入一个额外的语句，强调或支持您刚才所说的内容) 其实；实际上【I didn't mind at all. Indeed, I was pleased. 我一点也不介意。实际上，我很高兴。// I don't mind at all. Indeed, I would be delighted to help. 我根本不介意。其实，我倒很乐意帮上一把。】；（用于very和形容词或副词之后，强调叙述、描写等）真正地【Most of the essays were very good indeed. 大多数文章真的非常好。// Thank you very much indeed. 真的非常感谢你。】；（表示惊讶或觉得某事物荒谬）【‘He said he was too busy to see you.’ ‘Did he, indeed?’“他说他太忙了，没时间见你。”真的吗？”// A ghost indeed! I've never heard anything so silly. 真是见鬼！我可从没听说过这样无聊的事。】

536. negotiate：/nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/ v. 谈判；磋商；协商；商定；达成（协议）【The government refuses to negotiate with terrorists. 政府拒绝与恐怖分子谈判。// Union leaders have negotiated an agreement for a shorter working week. 工会领导人已就缩短工作周达成协议。// His first aim is to get the warring parties back to the negotiating table (=discussing something). 他的首要目标是让交战各方回到谈判桌上。// The contending parties expressed their desire to negotiate. 竞争各方表示希望进行谈判。】；通过，越过（险要路段）【The only way to negotiate the muddy hillside is on foot. 越过那条泥泞的山坡只能靠步行。】

537. majority：/məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分；大多数【The majority of workers find it quite hard to live on the amount of money they earn. 大多数工人发现靠他们挣的钱生活很困难。// In the vast majority of cases the disease is fatal. 在绝大多数病例中，这种疾病是致命的。// She holds a majority stake in the company. 她持有该公司的多数股权。】；（获胜的）票数；多数票【He won by a majority of 500. 他以500票的多数获胜。// The Labour Party won a huge majority at the last general election. 工党在上次大选中以多数票获胜。】

538. devote：/dɪˈvəʊt/ v. 将…贡献给，把…奉献给；献（身）；奉献，投入(时间、精力等) <devote your time/energy/attention... to something> 【He devoted his energies to writing films. 他把精力投入到电影创作上。// She devoted herself full-time to her business. 她全身心地投入到她的事业中。// She has devoted all her life to the care of homeless people. 她为照料无家可归者奉献了一生。】<在日常英语中，比起用'devote time/energy etc to something'，人们更常说'put time/energy etc into something'，如：He put a lot of time into the project.>； 将(空间、区域、时间、文章或讲话的某一部分)专用（于）...【The meeting will be devoted to health and safety issues. 该会议将专门讨论健康和安全问题。// The report recommends that more resources be devoted to teaching four-year-olds. 该报告建议投入更多的资源用于4岁儿童的教育。】

539. respond：/rɪˈspɒnd/ v. （口头或书面）回答，回应，回复【He responded that he didn't want to see anyone. 他回答说，他不想见任何人。// Dave didn't respond to any of her emails. 戴夫没有回复她的任何电子邮件。】；作出反应；响应【Responding to the news, Mr Watt appealed for calm. 对于这一消息，瓦特先生呼吁大家保持冷静。// The US responded by sending troops into Laos. 美国的回应是向老挝派遣军队。// Villagers responded with offers of help. 村民们表示愿意提供帮助。】；有改进；见起色；显出效果【She has responded well to treatment. 对她的治疗很见起色。// The infection did not respond to the drugs. 这些药物对感染没有起作用。】

540. response：/rɪˈspɒns/ n.回答；回应，反应；响应【the public's response to our appeal for help 公众对我们求助呼吁的回应 <response to> // The law was passed in response to public pressure. 这项法律是为了响应公众的压力而通过的。<in response to something> // The exhibition has received a positive response from visitors. 展览会得到了参观者的积极响应。// The decision provoked an angry response from residents. 这一决定引起了居民的愤怒反应。// Emmett's new exhibition has met with a favourable response from critics. 埃米特的新展览得到了评论家们的好评。】；（口头的或书面的）回答，答复【‘Sure, why not?’ was his response to all of Billie’s suggestions. “当然可以，为什么不呢？”是他对比利所有建议的答复。// Carl made no response, and carried on with his meal. 卡尔没有回答，继续吃饭。 // I am writing in response to your letter of June 12. 我写这封信是对你6月12日来信的回复。】

541. upbringing：/ˈʌpˌbrɪŋɪŋ/ n. 抚养，抚育；养育；教育，教养；培养【Mike had had a strict upbringing. Mike受过严格的教育。// Because of her Catholic upbringing she would not divorce her husband. 由于她的天主教教育背景，她不愿与丈夫离婚。// Martin's upbringing shaped his whole life. 马丁的家庭教养影响了他的一生。】

542. forecast：/ˈfɔːrkæst/ n. （尤指对特定形势或天气的）预测，预报【weather forecast 天气预报 // The weather forecast for tomorrow is snow and sleet. 明天的天气预报是下雪和雨夹雪。<sleet/sliːt/ 雨夹雪 ; 下雨夹雪> // the company's annual sales forecast 公司的年度销售预测 // I'm going to wear my raincoat today as the forecast is for rain. 由于天气预报要下雨，我今天打算穿雨衣。// Their forecast was way off. 他们的预测相差甚远。<way off 有很大距离，错得厉害;大错特错>】；v. 预测；预报【to forecast the future 预测未来 // Rain was forecast for the weekend. 天气预报周末会下雨。<weekend 英音是 /ˌwiːkˈend/，美音为/ˈwiːkend/> // The Federal Reserve Bank forecasts that the economy will grow by 2% this year.联邦储备银行预测今年经济将增长2%。】

543. roll：/rəʊl/ v. （使）翻滚，滚动【The ball rolled into the street. 球滚到街上。// One of the eggs rolled off the counter. 其中一个鸡蛋从柜台上滚了下来。// Roll the chicken breasts in flour. 把鸡胸肉放在面粉里翻滚一下。】；（使）翻身，翻转；（使）原地转圈，原地打转【The children rolled down the hill, laughing. 孩子们笑着滚下山。// She rolled over to let the sun brown her back. 她翻了个身，让太阳把她的背晒黑点。// He was rolling a pencil between his fingers. 他用手指捻动着铅笔。// Her eyes rolled. 她那双眼睛滴溜溜地转动。】；滚动；滚移；飘移【A tear rolled down his cheek. 一滴泪水顺着他的脸颊滚下。// A wave of cigarette smoke rolled towards me. 有人在抽烟，一团烟雾向我这边飘来。// The waitress rolled the dessert trolley over to our table. 女服务员把甜点车推到我们的桌边。】；向特定方向连续移动；（船或飞机因为风或浪而）摇晃，摇摆【Mist rolled in from the sea. 薄雾从海上滚滚而来。// We watched the waves rolling onto the beach. 我们注视着波浪涌向海滩。】；（机器）运转，启动，开动【Just as the television cameras started rolling, it began to pour down with rain. 正当电视摄像机启动拍摄时，突然下起了瓢泼大雨。 】；（表示认为某人或某事很愚蠢）翻（白眼），向上翻动（眼球）【When he suggested they should buy a new car, she rolled her eyes in disbelief. 他建议说他们应该买辆新车，她翻了翻白眼，一副不相信的样子。】；n. 一卷；筒形物；卷轴【a roll of carpet 一卷地毯 // a toilet roll (= a roll of toilet paper) 一卷卫生纸】；（人或动物身上由于肥胖而突起的）赘肉，肥肉【The dog had rolls of fat along its neck. 这条狗脖子上有一圈圈的赘肉。】；名单；花名册；登记表【Is your name on the electoral roll (= the list of people who can vote)? 你的名字在选民册上吗？】；滚动；打滚；翻滚【The dog went for a roll in the grass. 狗跑到草丛里打了个滚。】；发出持续而低沉的声音，隆隆作响，轰轰响【a drum roll 一阵鼓声 // a deafening roll of thunder 一阵震耳欲聋的雷声】

544. headline：/ˈhedlaɪn/ n. （报纸的）大字标题；（电视或广播的）内容提要【a paper carrying the front-page headline ‘Space Aliens meet with President’ 一份头版标题为“太空外星人会见总统”的报纸 // The headline in that newspaper is highly misleading. 那家报纸的标题极具误导性。// The incident was headline news. 这件事是头条新闻。<headline news 头条新闻>】；v. 以…为标题；以…为主要故事； 给（报道、文章）加标题【The story was headlined "Killer dogs on the loose". 这篇报道的标题是：“杀人恶犬肆意逞凶”。】；(在娱乐活动中）扮演主角，充当主角【Beyoncé is headlining at the festival this year. Beyoncé是今年音乐节的主角。// The band's headlining appearance at the festival could be their last. 这支乐队音乐节上唱起了主角，但这可能是他们最后一次演出了。】

545. generate：/ˈdʒenəreɪt/ v. 产生；造成，引起；使存在【a useful technique for generating new ideas 产生新想法的有用技巧 // The program would generate a lot of new jobs. 该计划将创造大量新的就业机会。// Tourism generates income for local communities. 旅游业为当地社区带来收入。// The project generated enormous interest. 这个项目引起了极大的兴趣。】；（以某种形式）产生，发生（能量等）【Wind turbines generate electricity for the local community. 风力涡轮机为当地社区发电。// The company, New England Electric, burns coal to generate power. 新英格兰电力公司用煤发电。】

546. generator：/ˈdʒenəreɪtər/ n. 发电机；发生器【The hospital's emergency generators are designed to cope with power cuts. 医院的应急发电机是为应对停电而设计的。// The museum uses smells and smoke generators to create atmosphere. 博物馆利用气味和烟雾发生器制造气氛。// The company is a major generator of jobs. 这家公司创造了相当多的就业机会。】；电力公司【the UK's major electricity generator 英国主要的电力公司】

547. generation：/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən/ n. （社会或家庭的）一代（人），同代人，同辈人【Like most of my generation, I had never known a war. 像我这一代的大多数人一样，我从未经历过战争。// In my generation the divorce rate is very high. 在我这一代，离婚率很高。// The younger generation don't know what hard work is. 年轻一代不知道什么是努力工作。// The story has been handed down from generation to generation. 这个故事代代相传。// In those days it was common for three generations of the same family to live together. 在那些日子里，同一个家庭的三代人住在一起是很常见的。// Each generation looks at its own problems in its own way.  每一代人都以自己的方式看待自己的问题。】；（时间跨度约为30年左右的）一代，一辈【A generation ago, home computers were virtually unknown. 二三十年以前，家用电脑还几乎不为世人所知。】；（产品或机器的）一代【This is one of the new-generation iPhones. 这是新一代iPhone之一。// Scientists are working on developing the next generation of supercomputers. 科学家们正致力于研发下一代的超级计算机。】；（能源）产生；发生【the generation of electricity 发电】

548.  millimeter：/ˈmɪləˌmiːtər/ (英式拼写为 millimetre) n. 毫米

549. favourite：/ˈfeɪvərɪt/ （美式拼写为 favorite ）adj. 最喜欢的；特别喜爱的【What's your favourite colour? 你最喜欢什么颜色？// During the flight they continued to chat about their favourite cities. 在飞行中，他们继续谈论他们最喜欢的城市。// My favourite animal is a cat.  我最喜欢的动物是猫。// What is your favourite method for language learning? Do you go online? 你最喜欢的语言学习方法是什么？你上网学吗？】；least favourite 最不喜欢的；特别不喜欢的【Cleaning the toilets is my least favourite job. 打扫厕所是我最不喜欢的工作。】；n. 最喜欢的东西；特别喜爱的东西【Can we have strawberries? They're my favourite. 我们可以吃草莓吗？它们是我的最爱。// How clever of you to buy chocolate chip cookies - they're my favourites. 你真聪明，买了带巧克力颗粒的饼干——这是我的最爱。】；受宠的人；受偏爱的人【the teacher's favourite 老师的宠儿】；最有希望获胜的人（或动物）；比赛中最被看好的人（或动物）【Brazil are favourites to win this year's World Cup. 巴西队是今年世界杯赛的夺冠热门。// Her horse is the hot favourite for the race. 她的马在这次赛马中夺魁的呼声最高。】

550. zebra：/ˈzebrə/，/ˈziː.brə/ n. 斑马；zebra crossing 斑马线