[详解] 英语四级单词磨耳朵(401-420)|每天打卡,跟我背单词

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2022/11/22 更新为详解版

401. accumulate：/əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ v. 积累；积聚；积攒【By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune. 她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。// The company said the debt was accumulated during its acquisition of nine individual businesses. 该公司称其在收购9家个体公司的过程中，债务越积越多。】；逐渐增加；逐渐升高【Fat tends to accumulate around the hips and thighs. 脂肪往往堆积在臀部和大腿周围。// A thick layer of dust had accumulated in the room. 房间里积了厚厚一层灰尘。】<在日常英语中，比起用'accumulate'，人们更常用'build up'，如：These chemicals tend to build up in the soil.>

402. voluntary：/ˈvɒləntəri/，/ˈvɑːlənteri/ adj. 自愿的；志愿的；义务的；（社会组织）志愿的，公益性的【voluntary workers 义工 // He does some voluntary work. 他做一些义务工作。// a voluntary organization providing help for the elderly 为老年人提供帮助的志愿组织 // She does a lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross. 她为红十字会做了很多志愿工作。// Workers are being encouraged to take voluntary redundancy. 员工被鼓励自愿离职。】

403. interrupt：/ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ v. 插嘴；打断（其他人说话）；打扰；打岔【Will you stop interrupting me! 你别打岔行不！// Sorry to interrupt, but there's someone to see you. 对不起打扰一下，有人要见你。// I hope I'm not interrupting you. 我希望我没有打搅你。】；使暂停；使中断【We interrupt the current programme for a newsflash. 我们中断当前节目，播放新闻快讯。// The game was interrupted several times by rain. 比赛因下雨中断了几次。】

404. smart：/smɑːrt/ adj. 聪明的；机敏的；精明的【The smart kids get good grades and go off to college. 聪明的孩子成绩好，上大学。// I was smart enough to wait for a week. 我很精明，等了一个星期。// His decision to become a director was a smart move (=sensible thing to do). 他决定当导演是明智之举。】；耍花招；耍小聪明【Don't get smart with me, young man. 小伙子，别跟我耍花招。】；衣冠楚楚的；衣着讲究的；整洁而漂亮的；衣着光鲜的【You look very smart in that suit. 你穿上这套衣服显得很精神。// They were wearing their smartest clothes. 他们都穿了最讲究的衣服。】；时髦人物的；高档的【one of Bonn's smartest restaurants 波恩最高档的餐厅之一】；智能的；由计算机控制【smart weapons 智能武器 // smart phone 智能手机】；（动作等) 快速的；敏捷的；迅速而有力的【a smart blow on the head 对头上的迅速而有力的一击 // She set off at a smart pace (=fairly fast). 她以相当快的速度出发了。】；v. （因批评、失败等）难过，烦恼【She was still smarting from the insult. 她仍因受到侮辱而感到难过。】；感到剧烈刺痛【My eyes were smarting with the smoke. 我的眼睛被烟熏得刺痛。】

405. admire：/ədˈmaɪər/ v. 钦佩；赞赏；仰慕【I really admire the way she brings up those kids all on her own. 我真的很佩服她独自抚养这些孩子的做法。// I really admire Ken Loach. I think he is a fantastic film maker. 我真的很仰慕肯·洛奇。我认为他是一位出色的电影制作人。// Lewis was much admired for his work on medieval literature. 刘易斯因其中世纪文学作品而备受赞赏。】；欣赏【He stood back to admire his handiwork. 他退后几步欣赏他的手工制品。// We stopped halfway to admire the view. 我们中途停下来欣赏风景。// Sal stood back to admire her work. 萨尔站起身来欣赏她的作品。】<注意：当'admire'表示“钦佩；赞赏；仰慕”时，不能用进行时，我们可以说：I admire him for his courage (=I respect and like him). 但是不能说：I am admiring him.  当'admire'表示“欣赏”时，常用进行时，如：He was admiring himself in the mirror (=he was looking at himself). 也可以说：He admired himself in the mirror.>

406. square：/skwer/ adj.  正方形的；四方形的【a large square room 一个巨大的四方形房间】；成直角的；方的【square corners 直角，方角】；（与长度单位连用）平方的【an area of 20 square metres 20平方米的面积】；正的；相等的；水平的；（和某物）相齐，平行【I don't think the shelf is square with the floor. 我不认为架子和地板是平行的。】；彼此无欠账的；两清的；结清账的【Here's the USD10 I owe you─now we're square. 这是我欠你的10美元——这下我们两清了。】；打平的；平局的【The teams were all square at half-time. 两队上半场打成平局。】；公平的，公正的，诚实的【a square deal 公平交易 // Are you being square with me? 你对我是以诚相待吗？】；（和某事物）相一致的，相吻合的【That isn't quite square with what you said yesterday. 这跟你昨天所讲的不大吻合。】；n. 正方形；四方形；正方形物【First of all, draw a square. 首先，画一个正方形。】；城镇；（通常为方形的）广场【The hotel is just off the main square of Sorrento. 酒店就在索伦托的主广场附近。】；使成平方；使成二次幂【The square of 7 is 49. 7的平方是49。】；v. 使成平方；使成二次幂【10 squared equals a hundred. 10的平方是100。】

407. tuna：/ˈtjuːnə/ n. 金枪鱼；金枪鱼肉

408. liberate：/ˈlɪbəreɪt/ v. 解放；使自由；使摆脱约束（或限制）【The city was liberated by the advancing army. 军队向前挺进，解放了那座城市。// Writing poetry liberated her from the routine of everyday life. 写诗使她从日常生活的例行公事中解脱出来。】

409. liberty：/ˈlɪbərti/ n. 自由【the fight for liberty and equality 争取自由与平等的斗争 // threats to individual liberty 对个人自由的威胁 // The right to vote should be a liberty enjoyed by all. 投票权应当是人人享有的合法权利。】；冒犯行为（或言语）；放肆；失礼【I took the liberty of cancelling your reservation. 我冒昧地取消了您的预约。// They've got a liberty, not even sending me a reply. 他们真无礼，连个答复也不给我。】<作为'冒犯行为（或言语）；放肆；失礼'时，只能用单数形式。>；be at liberty to do sth 被准许做… = to be allowed to do something【I'm not at liberty to reveal any names. 我无权透露任何人的名字。// What kind of intelligence? We're not at liberty to say. You're not at liberty to -- Oh, I see what's going on. You think you can scare me, so I'll give you details of my shipment. 什么情报？我们无权透露 你们无权...我明白是怎么回事了，你们以为能吓唬到我，我就会把这批货的细节告诉你们。】

410. trash：/træʃ/ n. 废物；垃圾【Will someone take out the trash (=take it outside the house)? 谁把垃圾带出去扔。// It's time to lower the boom on these smokers. They leave trash everywhere. 是时候惩罚这些吸烟者了，他们到处乱扔垃圾。// Can you take the trash out, please? Tonight it's just organic waste. 你能把垃圾带出去吗，今晚就一些厨余垃圾。】；劣质品；拙劣的作品；糟粕；谬论【How can you read that trash? 你怎么能看那些乱七八糟的东西？】；窝囊废，废物【He finished their relationship, and told her she was trash. 他中断了两人的关系，还骂她是垃圾。】；v. 损坏；毁坏【The place got trashed last time we had a party. 上次我们在这里开party时，这地方被毁了。】；抨击；谴责【The boss completely trashed her work, in front of everyone. 老板当着众人的面把她的工作批得一无是处。】

411. plug：/plʌɡ/ n. 插头；（电源）插座；转换插头【The plug on my iron needs changing. 我熨斗上的插头需要换了。// Is there a plug in the bedroom that I can use for my hairdryer? 卧室里有没有插座让我用一下电吹风？】；浴缸或水池的塞子；栓塞；堵塞物【the bath plug 浴缸塞子 // She pulled out the plug and let the water drain away. 她拔起塞子放掉了水。】； (书籍/电影) 推销；宣传【During the show she managed to put in a plug for her new book. 在演出期间，她设法为她的新书做了宣传。】；spark plug 火花塞；v. 堵塞；封堵【We used mud to plug up the holes in the roof. 我们用泥堵住屋顶上的洞。】；推广；宣传【Arnie was on the show to plug his new movie. Arnie在节目中为他的新电影做宣传。】

412. corporation：/ˌkɔːrpəˈreɪʃən/ n. 大公司；大企业；集团公司【This corporation is going to go bust if we continue to keep spending money like this. 如果我们继续这样花钱，这家公司将破产。// He works for a large American corporation. 他在一家美国大公司工作。】

413. honour：/ˈɒnər/ (美式拼写为 honor) n. 荣幸；光荣【It was a great honour to be invited here today. 今天承蒙邀请到此，深感荣幸。】；荣誉；名誉；他人的尊敬；高尚品德【My father was a man of honour and great integrity. 我父亲是个品德高尚的、正直的人。// He was prepared even to die in order to defend the honour of his family. 为了捍卫家族的荣誉，他甚至准备牺牲。// For the French team, winning tomorrow's game is a matter of national honour. 对于法国队来说，赢得明天的比赛关乎国家荣誉。】；（为表扬某人的）奖励，荣誉称号，头衔【The medal is the highest honour the association can bestow (=give). 奖章是协会能授予的最高荣誉。】；尊敬；尊重；崇敬【They stood in silence as a mark of honour to her. 他们肃立以示对她的敬意。】；v. 给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号）【He was honored with an award for excellence in teaching. 他因在教学方面的卓越表现而被授予奖项。// Two firefighters have been honoured for their courage. 两名消防员因其勇气而受到表彰。】；尊敬，尊重（某人）【In a marriage, you need to honour one another. 在婚姻中，你们需要互相尊重。// I was treated like an honored guest. 我被当作贵宾对待。】

414. honourable：/ˈɒnərəbəl/ (美式拼写为 honorable) adj. 可敬的；值得钦佩的【With a few honourable exceptions , the staff were found to be incompetent. 除了几个优秀的人以外，其他职员都不能胜任工作。】；品格高尚的，值得尊敬的【a principled and honourable man 一个有原则的、可敬的人】；保护声誉的；体面的【My father didn't think acting was an honorable profession. 我父亲不认为表演是一种体面的职业。// They urged her to do the honourable thing and resign. 他们力劝她辞职以保全名节。】

415. transient：/ˈtrænziənt/ adj.短暂的；转瞬即逝的；暂时的【A glass of whisky has only a transient warming effect. 一杯威士忌只能使人暖和一会儿。】；暂住的；过往的；临时的【The city has a large transient population (= many people who are living in it only temporarily). 这个城市有大量的暂住人口。】；n.暂住者；流动人口【It's an organization set up to provide money and help for transients. 这个组织建立的目的就是给暂住者提供钱款和帮助。】

416. plunge：/plʌndʒ/ v. 使突然前冲（或下落）【Her car swerved and plunged off the cliff. 她的车突然转弯，从悬崖上掉了下来。<swerve /swɜːrv/ 突然转向，急转弯> // Both the climbers had plunged to their deaths. 两名登山者都已坠落身亡。】；（价格、温度等) 暴跌；骤降；突降【The unemployment rate plunged sharply. 失业率急剧下降。// Oil prices have plunged to a new low. 油价已跌至新低。// In the recession, the company's profits plunged 60%. 在经济衰退中，该公司的利润暴跌了60%。】；n. （价格、数量的）暴跌，猛降，骤减【a dramatic plunge in house prices 房价急剧下跌】；突然跌落；突然分离；跳入；下跌；落下【I really enjoyed my plunge (= jumping in and swimming) in the pool. 我很喜欢在游泳池里跳水游泳。】；卷入；参与【The company is planning a deeper plunge into the commercial market. 这家公司正计划进一步投入商业市场。】；take the plunge （尤指深思熟虑后）果断行事，作出决定，决定冒险尝试，采取断然行动【You never know what the results will be, but the only way to find out is to take the plunge. 你永远不知道结果会是什么，找到答案的唯一方法就是采取行动。】

417. symptom：/ˈsɪmptəm/ n. 症状；征候；征兆【Common symptoms of diabetes are weight loss and fatigue. 糖尿病的常见症状是体重减轻和疲劳。// The disappearance of jobs is a symptom of a deeper socioeconomic change. 工作岗位的消失是更深层次的社会经济变化的征兆。】

418. professor：/prəˈfesər/ n. 教授；(大学的)讲师，教员

419. balance：/ˈbæləns/ n. 均衡；平衡；均势【Try to keep a balance between work and play. 努力在工作和娱乐之间保持平衡。// Pesticides seriously upset the balance of nature. 农药严重破坏了自然界的平衡。】；（身体）平衡能力【I lost my balance and fell on my face. 我失去了平衡，摔倒在地。】；余额，账户余额，结存，结余【Once we know how much money we'll need, let's spend the balance (= the amount left). 一旦知道了我们将需要多少钱，就把结余的钱花掉吧。// The company's success is reflected in its healthy bank balance. 该公司良好的银行结存情况反映出其经营的成功。】；天平；秤；on balance 总的说来，总的来说【I would say that, on balance, it hasn't been a bad year. 总的说来，我觉得今年还不错。】；v. 使（在某物上）保持平衡；立稳【How long can you balance on one leg? 你单腿能站多久？// She balanced the cup on her knee. 她把杯子在膝盖上放稳。】；相抵；抵消【This year's profits will balance our previous losses. 本年度的赢利将可弥补我们之前的亏损。// His lack of experience was balanced by a willingness to learn. 他的好学弥补了他经验的不足。】；balance A and/with B 同等重视（相对的两个事物或方面）；权衡，斟酌【She tries to balance home life and career. 她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。】；balance A against B 比较（两个相对的事物）；权衡重要性 【The cost of obtaining legal advice needs to be balanced against its benefits. 法律咨询的费用与其效益需要权衡一下。】

420. jaw：/dʒɔː/ n. 颌；下巴；下颌；口部；嘴；v. 唠唠叨叨；喋喋不休【Stop jawing and let me get on with the work! 别唠叨了，让我继续工作吧！】