[详解] 英语四级单词磨耳朵(221-240)|每天打卡,跟我背单词

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2022年8月6日更新为 【单词详解】 版，后续其他集数会抽空持续更新为详解版

221. sensible：/ˈsensəbəl/ adj.明智的；理智的；合理的；切合实际的【a sensible person 理智的人 // It's sensible to keep a note of your passport number. 记下你的护照号码是明智的。// Moving house seemed like the sensible thing to do. 搬家似乎是明智之举。// Eat a sensible diet and exercise daily. 合理饮食，每天锻炼。】；（衣服或鞋）合适的，实用的【It could be cold and wet so pack some sensible clothes. 天可能会又冷又潮，带上些合适的衣服。】；意识到的；知道的；觉察到的【He did not appear to be sensible of the difficulties that lay ahead. 他看上去并没有意识到前面的困难。// I am sensible of the fact that mathematics is not a popular subject. 我知道数学课不受欢迎。】

222. racial：/ˈreɪʃəl/ adj. 种族的；种族间的；种族关系的【Excuse me? I'd like to file ‭a racial discrimination suitagainst Emily Sinclair. 你说什么? 我要起诉Emily Sinclair种族歧视。 <racial discrimination 种族歧视> // This part of the community needs to be protected from racial prejudice. 社区的这一部分人需要受到保护，免受种族偏见。】；人种的；种族的【people of different racial origin 不同种族的人】‬‬‬‬

223. retire：/rɪˈtaɪə/ v. 退休；退职；退役；（使）退休；（通常指在雇员接近退休年龄或生病时）使退职，辞退，使退休【Most people retire at 65. 大多数人65岁退休。// He was forced to retire early because of poor health. 由于健康不佳，他被迫提前退休。// I retired from teaching three years ago. 我三年前从教师岗位上退休了。// her decision to retire from her position as librarian of the law society 她决定辞去律师协会图书管理员的职务 // He is due to retire as chief executive next year. 明年他就该从总裁职位上退下来了。// He became ill and was retired early. 他病了，很早就被辞退了。// Following the merger, he was retired with a generous pension. 在合并后，他拿了一笔丰厚的养老金后被辞退了。】；离开一个房间或离开一群人，去一个安静或私人的地方；离开；退下；退出【I retired to my room to think. 我回到房间去思考。】；（因伤）退出（比赛等）【He had to retire with a neck injury in the second half. 他在下半场因颈部受伤而不得不退场。】；就寝；上床睡觉【It had been a long day, so I retired early. 那天我工作了很长时间，所以早早便上床睡觉了。】

224. avenue：/ˈævənjuː/ n. （两边有树或高楼的）大街；（乡间宽阔的）林荫大道【a tree-lined avenue 林荫大道 // a hotel on Fifth Avenue 第五大街上的一家旅馆】；方法；途径；渠道；手段【The president wants to explore every avenue towards peace in the region. 总统希望探索该地区实现和平的所有途径。// There are many avenues open to researchers. 研究人员可以通过许多途径进行研究。】

225. magnetic：/mæɡˈnetɪk/ adj. 磁的，有磁性的；磁化的【magnetic forces 磁力 // a magnetic bulletin board 磁吸公告板 // The block becomes magnetic when the current is switched on. 一通上电流，这块板就会有磁性。】；富有吸引力的；有魅力的【a magnetic personality 富有魅力的个性】

226. conjunction：/kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/ n.  连词， 连接词；结合；联合；同时发生【An unfortunate conjunction of circumstances led to his downfall. 一连串不幸事件同时发生，导致了他的下台。// There is a team of writers working in conjunction (with each other) on the book. 有一个作家小组在合作撰写这部书。】

227. folk：/fəʊk/ n. 人们；（尤指某一群体或类型的）人们【I'm sure there are some folk who would rather they weren't here. 我相信有些人宁愿他们不在这里。// Thanks to the folks at NBC. 感谢NBC的同事们。// Wait till the folks back home hear about this! 等家里的人听到这件事！// Young folk these days don't know the meaning of work. 现在的年轻人不知道工作的意义。】；folks 各位；大伙儿【Well, folks, what are we going to do today? 喂，伙计们，我们今天要干什么？// All right, folks, dinner's ready! 好啦，伙计们，晚餐准备好了！】；folk music 民间音乐；乡村音乐；民谣，民歌；adj. 传统的；（尤指）普通百姓的，流传民间的；（艺术）民间的，民俗的【folk tales 民间故事 // an Irish folk song 爱尔兰民歌】

228. likewise：/ˈlaɪk-waɪz/ adv. 同样，同样地；类似地；照样，也一样【Nanny put on a shawl and told the girls to do likewise. 保姆披上披肩，叫女孩们也这样做。// The clams were delicious. Likewise, the eggplant was excellent. 蛤蜊很好吃。同样，茄子也很好吃。// Just water these plants twice a week, and likewise the ones in the bedroom. 这些植物一周浇两次水，卧室里的那些也一样。】;（表示感觉相同）我也是，我有同感【‘You're always welcome at our house.’ ‘Likewise.’“我们家永远欢迎你。”我们也一样。”// ‘Let me know if you ever need any help.’ ‘Likewise.’“你要是需要帮助就告诉我。”“你也一样。”】

229. forever：/fərˈevər/ adv. 永远【I wanted that moment to last forever. 我希望那一刻永远持续下去。// Many valuable works of art were lost forever. 许多有价值的艺术品永远丢失了。】；[口语中]长久地【Once built, stone walls last forever. 一旦建成，石墙将万古长存。// It took forever to clean up after the party. 聚会结束后，花了很长时间才清理干净。// The meeting seemed to go on forever and a day. 会议似乎持续了很久很久。】

230. dense：/dens/ adj. 密集的；稠密的【the city's dense population 这座城市的稠密人口 // a dense forest 茂密的森林 // a dense crowd 密集的人群】；浓密的；浓重的【dense black smoke 浓烟】；愚笨的；迟钝的；笨拙的【Am I being dense? I don't quite understand. 我是不是很笨？我不太明白。】；（信息量大得）难理解的，难懂的【a dense piece of writing 难懂的文章】；（物质）密度大的；密实的【Water is eight hundred times denser than air. 水的密度是空气的800倍。】

231. shot：/ʃɒt/ n. 发射；射击；开枪；开火；枪（或炮）声【He pulled out his rifle and fired three shots. 他抽出步枪，开了三枪。// She was killed by a single shot to the head. 她头部中了一枪就死了。// Where were you when you heard the shot?  听到枪声时你在哪里？】；优秀（或不高明等的）射手，枪手，炮手【Sergeant Cooper is an excellent shot. 库珀中士是个出色的射手。】；（体育运动）击球；射门；投篮【Shaw took a shot at the goal from the halfway line, but missed. Shaw从中线射门，但没有射中。// Good shot! 好球！】；照片= picture【I managed to get some good shots of the carnival. 我设法拍了一些狂欢节的好照片。// We hired a photographer to take some publicity shots. 我们雇了一位摄影师来拍摄一些宣传照。】；（电影中的）镜头【In the opening shot, we see Travolta's feet walking down the sidewalk. 在影片开头，我们看到Travolta的脚走在人行道上。】；尝试；努力（一些困难的事）【This is her first shot at directing a play. 这是她第一次尝试导演一场戏。// I decided to have a shot at decorating the house myself. 我决定尝试自己动手装饰房子。// I didn't think I had much chance of winning the race, but I thought I'd give it a shot (=try to do it). 我认为我赢得比赛的机会不大，但我想试试看。】；意在批评或伤害某人的话，一席话，一击【I'm not going to sit here listening to you two take shots at each other all night. 我不想整晚坐在这里听你们两个互相唇枪舌剑的。】；少量（酒精）饮料；少量烈酒【a shot of tequila 一点龙舌兰酒 // a shot glass (=a small glass for strong alcoholic drinks) 一小杯烈性酒】；adj. 破烂不堪的；筋疲力尽的；毁坏的【My back tires are shot. 我的后轮胎坏了。// My nerves were shot to pieces after my driving test. 驾驶考试后，我的神经崩溃了。】

232. tolerance：/ˈtɒlərəns/ n. 忍受；容忍；宽容；宽恕【This period in history is not noted for its religious tolerance. 历史上的这个时期在宗教上并不宽容。// She had no tolerance for jokes of any kind. 她容不得开任何玩笑。// tolerance towards religious minorities 对宗教少数群体的宽容】；忍耐力；忍受性；耐力；耐量【Many old people have a very limited tolerance to cold. 许多老年人对寒冷的耐受力非常有限。】；公差；容许偏差

233. explosive：/ɪkˈspləʊsɪv/ adj. 易爆炸的；会爆炸的；可能引起爆炸的【Because the gas is highly explosive, it needs to be kept in high-pressure containers. 因为这种气体具有高度爆炸性，所以需要保存在高压容器中。// A small explosive device (=bomb) was set off outside the UN headquarters today. 今天在联合国总部外引爆了一枚小型爆炸装置。】；如爆炸般的；震耳欲聋的【There was an explosive clap of thunder overhead. 突然一个霹雳在头顶炸开。】；易爆发的；可能引起冲动的；（情感）突然迸发的；暴躁的；（局势）一触即发的，爆炸性的【He's good at defusing potentially explosive situations. 他擅长化解潜在的紧张局势。// The situation in some of America's cities has become explosive. 在美国一些主要城市，形势已经到了一触即发的地步。// She has an explosive temper. 她脾气火爆。// Both men suddenly spoke in the same explosive tone of voice. 两人突然用同样暴躁的语调说话。】；突增的；猛增的；激增的；迅速扩大的【the explosive growth of the export market 出口市场的急剧扩大 】；n. 炸药，爆炸物；引爆装置【The bomb was packed with several pounds of high explosive. 这枚炸弹装有几磅烈性炸药。】

234. obstacle：/ˈɒbstəkəl/ n. 障碍；阻碍；妨碍【Fear of change is an obstacle to progress. 对变革的恐惧是进步的障碍。// The tax puts obstacles in the way of companies trying to develop trade overseas. 这项税收给试图发展海外贸易的公司设置了障碍。// Women still have to overcome many obstacles to gain equality. 妇女仍然需要克服许多障碍才能获得平等。// There are formidable obstacles on the road to peace. 在通往和平的道路上存在着巨大的障碍。<formidable /fəˈmɪdəbl/ 可怕的;令人敬畏的;难对付的>】

235. liver：/ˈlivər/ n.肝；肝脏

236. survive：/səˈvaɪv/ v. 继续生存，存活；（尤指）幸存【Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived. 140名乘客中只有12人幸存。// She survived the attack. 她在袭击中幸免于难。// people who survive cancer 癌症存活病患】；幸存；幸免于难；艰难度过（某些危机等）【I'm sure she will survive this crisis. 我相信她会挺过这场危机。// I've had a tough few months, but I'll survive. 我这几个月过得很艰难，但我会挺过去的。// I don't know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy's salary. 我不知道你们是怎么靠Jeremy的薪水生存的。】；比…活（或存在）的时间长【She survived her husband by ten years. 丈夫死后她又活了十年。】

237. describe：/dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述，描写，描绘；形容；把…称为【The police asked her to describe the man. 警察叫她描述一下那个男人。// Another approach to the problem is described in Chapter 3. 第3章描述了解决该问题的另一种方法。// The man was described as tall and dark, and aged about 20. 据描述这男人高个子，深色皮肤，年龄在20岁左右。// Jim was described by his colleagues as ‘unusual’. 吉姆被同事们称为“不寻常”的人。// It's difficult to describe how I feel. 很难形容我的感受。// So describe this new boyfriend to me! 跟我谈谈这个新男友！// Several people described seeing strange lights in the sky. 好几个人都说看到天上出现了奇异光芒。】；做…运动；画出…图形；形成…形状【The shark described a circle around the shoal of fish. 这条鲨鱼围绕着鱼群游动。】

238. rag：/ræɡ/ n. 旧布；抹布；破布【He wiped his boots dry with an old rag. 他用一块旧抹布擦干靴子。】; v. 戏弄；嘲笑；对…搞恶作剧【They ragged him about his girlfriend. 他们拿他的女朋友取笑他。】

239. former：/ˈfɔːmər/ adj. 较早的，早先的；以前的；旧时的【the former Soviet Union 前苏联 // Their farm has been reduced to half its former size. 他们的农场已缩小到原来的一半。】；昔日的；前...【my former husband 我的前夫 // former President Clinton 前总统克林顿】；the former…（两者中）前者的；前者【The former option would be much more sensible. 前一种选择要明智得多。// He had to choose between giving up his job and giving up his principles. He chose the former. 他得在放弃工作和放弃原则二者中择其一。他选择了前者。】

240. progressive：/prəˈɡresɪv/ adj. 进步的；先进的；开明的【progressive and forward-looking policies 进步的有远见的政策】；稳步的；逐步的；稳定发展的【the progressive increase in population 人口的逐渐增长 // Britain's progressive decline as a world power. 英国作为世界强国的逐渐衰落。// a progressive disease 慢性病】；n. progressives 进步人士，开明人士，改革派（通常用复数）【political battles between progressives and conservatives 改革派与保守派之间的政治斗争】