[详解]英语四级单词磨耳朵(161-180)|每天打卡,跟我背单词

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2022年7月6日更新为【单词详解】版，后续其他集数会持续更新为详解版

161.Christian：/ˈkrɪstʃən/ adj.基督教的；信奉基督教的【the Christian church 基督教会 // a Christian minister 基督教牧师】；有基督教徒品行的；慈善的；仁慈的；友爱的 = christian(首字母小写)【That wasn't a very christian thing to do! 那不是一件基督徒该干的事！】；n.基督徒

162.sew：/səʊ/ v. 缝；做针线活；缝制；缝补；缝上【I learned to sew at school. 我在学校学过缝纫。// Can you sew a patch on my jeans? 你能在我的牛仔裤上缝个补丁吗？// She sewed the two sides together. 她把两边缝在一起。 】 

163.limitation：/ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən/ n. 限制；控制【Any limitation to the king's power could be permanent. 对国王权力的任何限制都可能是永久性的。// a nuclear limitation treaty 核限制条约】；limitations 局限，局限性【Despite the limitations of the survey, it did suggest some general trends. 尽管这项调查存在局限性，但它确实表明了一些总体趋势。// It's a good little car, but it has its limitations. 这是一辆很好的小汽车，但也有它的局限性。】；起限制作用的规则（或事实、条件）【Disability is a physical limitation on your life. 残疾在身体方面限制了你的生活。// The new law imposes limitations on campaign contributions. 新法律对竞选捐款加以限制。】

164. vigor：/ˈvɪɡər/（美式拼写为 vigour）n. 体力；精力；活力【He began working with renewed vigour. 他精力充沛地投人工作。】

165. shortcoming：/ˈʃɔːrtˌkʌmɪŋ/ n. 缺点；短处【Peter was painfully aware of his own shortcomings. 彼得痛苦地意识到自己的缺点。// the shortcomings of our local government system 我国地方政府制度的缺陷 // The report suggested that there were severe shortcomings in police tactics. 报告指出，警方的战术存在严重缺陷。】

166.interaction：/ˌɪntərˈækʃən/  n. 交流，交往；相互作用，相互影响【Price is determined through the interaction of demand and supply. 价格在供需的相互作用中形成。// the complex interaction between mind and body 复杂的身心相互作用 // the degree of interaction between teacher and student 师生互动程度】

167.narrow：/ˈnærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的；窄小的【a long narrow road 一条狭长的路 // The stairs were very narrow. 楼梯很窄。】；狭隘的；目光短浅的；有局限性的【You've got a very narrow view of life. 你对生活的看法很狭隘。// Some teachers have a narrow vision of what art is. 有些教师对艺术的理解很狭隘。】；（种类或数目）有限的；范围小的【The company offered only a narrow range of financial services. 该公司提供的金融服务范围很有限。】；勉强的；差距微小的；刚刚好的【We won a narrow victory. 我们险胜。// She was elected by a narrow majority. 她以微弱多数当选。】；v. 使窄小；变窄；缩小【He narrowed his eyes and gazed at the horizon. 他眯起眼睛，凝视着地平线。// The track divided into two and narrowed. 铁轨一分为二，变窄了。// The choice of goods available is narrowing. 可供选择的商品越来越少。// The gap between the two teams has narrowed to three points. 两队之间的差距缩小到三分了。// We need to try and narrow the health divide between rich and poor. 我们需要设法缩小穷人和富人之间的健康差距。】

168.straight：/streɪt/ adv. 笔直地；平正地；成直线【The book is on the table straight in front of you. 书就在你正前方的桌子上。// She was looking straight at me. 她正直直地盯着我看。// Terry was so tired he couldn't walk straight. 特里太累了，走路歪歪斜斜的。// He was sitting with his legs stretched straight out in front of him. 他坐着，两腿伸直在面前。】；正（地）；直（地）；平正地【Sit up straight, don't slouch.坐直，不要没精打采。<slouch /slaʊtʃ/ 没精打采地站(或坐、走);低头垂肩地站(或坐、走)>】；直接；径直；立即【I went straight up to bed. 我直接上床睡觉了。// Go straight home and tell your mother. 立即回家，告诉你妈妈。// I've got a meeting straight after lunch. 午饭后我马上要开会。// I think I should get straight to the point. 我想我应该开门见山地说。】；连续不断地；一连【He's been without sleep now for three days straight. 他已经连续三天没睡觉了。】；坦率地；直截了当地【I just told him straight that I wouldn't do it. 我直截了当地告诉他我不会这么做。// She came straight out with it and said she was leaving. 她直截了当地说她要走了。】；adj. 直的；笔直的【Try to keep your legs straight. 尽量保持双腿伸直。】；平正的；正的；直的；与…平行的【Is my tie straight? 我的领带有没有歪？】；坦诚的；直率的【I'd like a straight answer please. 请给我一个坦诚的回答。// I think it's time for some straight talk now. 我想现在该直言不讳了。// I wish you'd just be straight with me. 我希望你能对我坦诚相待。】；连续的；不间断的【The team now has an amazing record of 43 straight wins. 这支球队现在有43连胜的惊人记录。】；整洁；整齐；井井有条【It took me two hours to get the house straight. 我花了两个小时才把房子整理好。】；清楚的；简单明了的【It's a straight choice - either you leave him or you stay. 你的选择很简单——要么离开他，要么留下。// Let's get this straight - you're travelling to Frankfurt on Monday and Brussels on Tuesday, is that correct? 我们把这个弄清楚——你周一要去法兰克福，周二去布鲁塞尔，对吗？】；不欠钱的；两清的【If you give me £10, then we're straight. 你给我10磅，我们就两清了。】

169.burst：/bɜːrst/ v. （使）爆裂，（使）迸裂；胀开【The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water. 水管爆裂了，房子在两英尺深的水下。】；猛冲；突然出现【Jo burst into the room. 乔冲进房间。】；（心中）充满；心情迫切【I knew they were bursting with curiosity but I said nothing. 我知道他们充满了好奇，但我什么也没说。// Tom was bursting to tell everyone the news. 汤姆迫不及待地想把消息告诉每个人。】；n. 突发；猝发；爆破【a burst in the water pipe 水管的爆裂】；（尤指短期的）突然增加；迸发【a burst of speed 突然加速 // a burst of laughter 突然的一阵大笑】

170.lens：/lenz/ n. 透镜；镜片【a standard 50 mm lens 标准50 mm镜头 // the lens of the microscope 显微镜的透镜】 

171.saucer：/ˈsɔː.sər/ n. 茶碟，茶托【a cup and saucer 茶杯和茶托 // She gave the cat a saucer of milk (= a small amount of milk on a saucer). 她给了猫一小碟牛奶。】

172.float：/fləʊt/ v.漂浮【I wasn't sure if the raft would float. 我不确定木筏是否能浮起来。// She spent the afternoon floating on her back in the pool. 她整个下午都仰卧在游泳池里。】；（使）漂流；（使）浮动；（使）飘动；（使）飘移【I looked up at the clouds floating in the sky. 我抬头看着天空中飘浮的云彩。// Leaves floated gently down from the trees. 树叶轻轻地从树上飘落下来。// The sound of her voice came floating down from an upstairs window. 她的声音从楼上的窗户飘下来。】；优雅地移动，飘然移动【Rachel floated around the bedroom in a lace nightgown. Rachel穿着蕾丝睡衣轻盈地在卧室里走动。】；提出，提请考虑（计划或想法）【We first floated the idea back in 1992. 我们第一次提出这个想法是在1992年。】；（使）（货币）实现汇率自由浮动【Russia decided to float the rouble on the foreign exchange market. 俄罗斯决定使卢布在外汇市场上实现汇率自由浮动。】；n.彩车，花车【We stood and watched the Carnival floats drive past. 我们站在那里看着嘉年华彩车驶过。】

173.propose：/prəˈpəʊz/ v. 提议；提出；建议【In his speech he proposed that the UN should set up an emergency centre for the environment. 他在演讲中建议联合国设立一个环境应急中心。// The report also proposes expanding the airport. 报告还建议扩建机场。// He proposed a compromise to me. 他向我提出了妥协。】<在日常英语中，比起propose，人们更常用 put forward plans, ideas等等，如：The idea was first put forward by a German scientist.>；提名；提出…供表决【The resolution was proposed by the chairman of the International Committee. 该决议是由国际委员会主席提出的。// Mr Leesom proposed Mrs Banks for the position of Treasurer (=he suggested formally that she should be the treasurer).  李先生提名班克斯夫人担任司库】；计划（做某事），打算（做某事）【How does he propose to deal with the situation? 他打算如何处理这种情况？// We still don't know how the company proposes raising the money. 我们仍然不知道该公司打算如何筹集资金。】；求婚【Shaun proposed to me only six months after we met. 肖恩在我们见面六个月后向我求婚。】<注意，在日常英语中，你建议某人做某事 you propose that someone does something，如：I propose that Ms Green is appointed. ，在正式的英语中，你建议某人做某事 you propose that someone do something，这里用的是动词原形，如：I propose that Ms Green be appointed. 注意，我们不能说：I propose Ms Green to be appointed. 另外，即便是我们谈论过去发生的事，也可以用动词原形，如：I proposed that Ms Green be appointed.  还有，当你建议某人应该做某事的时候，You propose that someone should do something，如：He proposed that we should have another meeting.>

174.mature：/məˈtʃʊə/ adj.（儿童或年轻人) 明白事理的；成熟的；像成人似的【Laura is very mature for her age. 就她的年龄而言，Laura非常成熟。// We’re mature enough to disagree on this issue but still respect each other. 我们已经足够成熟，可以在这个问题上有分歧，但仍然相互尊重。】；（人、树木、鸟或动物) 成熟的；发育完全的【Mature apple trees are typically 20 feet tall. 成熟的苹果树通常有20英尺高。// The human brain isn't fully mature until about age 25. 人类的大脑直到25岁左右才完全成熟。】；v.变成熟，成熟；长成【As the fish matures, its colours and patternings change. 随着这种鱼的成熟，它的颜色和图案会发生变化。// She has matured into a fine writer. 她已成长为一位优秀的作家。// He has matured a lot since he left home. 自从他离开家以来，他已经成熟了很多。】；酿成，制成，发酵成熟【The olives are pulped, then left to mature. 橄榄被制浆，然后让它发酵成熟。】；酝酿成熟，完善【It took several years for her ideas to mature. 她的想法经过几年才酝酿成熟。】

175.sort：/sɔːrt/ n. 种类；类别；品种【What sort of shampoo do you use? 你用哪种洗发水？// I like all sorts of food – I'm not fussy. 我喜欢各种各样的食物——我不挑食。<fussy /ˈfʌsi/ 挑剔的>// On expeditions of this sort, you have to be prepared for trouble. 在这样的探险中，你必须为困难做好准备。<expedition /ˌekspəˈdɪʃn/ 远征；探险> // He wondered if Rosa was in some sort of trouble. 他想知道Rosa是否遇到了什么麻烦。<some sort of something >；某一种（或某一类）人【Iain's never even looked at another woman. He's not the sort. 伊恩甚至看都没看别的女人。他不是那种人。】；v. 整理；把…分类【The eggs are sorted according to size. 鸡蛋是按大小分类的。// All the names on the list have been sorted into alphabetical order. 名单上的所有名字都按字母顺序排列。】；妥善处理；安排妥当<主要用于口语>【Right, I'll leave this for Roger and Terry to sort, then. 好的，那么我把这个留给Roger和Terry来整理。】

176.attack：/əˈtæk/ n. 袭击；攻击【There have been several attacks on foreigners recently. 最近发生了几起针对外国人的袭击事件。】；（在战争中使用武器的）进攻，攻击【The attack began at dawn. 黎明时开始进攻。// Once again we came under attack from enemy fighter planes. 我们再次遭到敌人战斗机的攻击。// Rebel forces launched (=started) an attack late Sunday night. 叛军星期天晚间发动了一次袭击。】；（口头和书面的）抨击，非难【The magazine recently published a vicious personal attack on the novelist. 该杂志最近发表了对这位小说家的恶意人身攻击。// The company has come under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory. 该公司因关闭工厂的决定而受到猛烈抨击。】；（疾病、化学品等）侵袭；侵害；侵蚀【I had a bad attack of flu at Christmas. 我在圣诞节患了严重的流感。// He died after suffering a severe asthma attack. 他死于严重的哮喘发作。<asthma /ˈæzmə/ 气喘；哮喘> // My rose bushes are being attacked by aphids. 我的蔷薇花丛正在遭受蚜虫的侵害。<aphid /ˈeɪfɪd / 蚜虫>】；（情感的）一阵突发（如：突然感到极度恐惧或担忧，无法正常思考或处理事情）【Her heart began to pound frantically, as if she were having a panic attack. 她的心脏开始疯狂地跳动，好像她得了恐慌症。<frantically /ˈfræntɪklɪ/ adv. 疯狂地、疯狂似地>】

177.identical：/aɪˈdentɪkəl/ adj. 完全同样的；完全相同的；相同的【four identical houses 四栋一模一样的房子 // Nutritionally, infant formulas are almost identical to breast milk. 在营养方面，婴儿配方奶粉几乎与母乳相同。// The ingredients are identical with those of competing products. 这些成分与竞品相同。<ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ 成分>// The sisters were identical in appearance and character. 这对姐妹在外貌和性格上都是一样的。】

178.script：/skrɪpt/ n. 剧本；电影剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿【They write all their own scripts. 他们自己写剧本。】；字迹；笔迹【The invitation was written in beautiful italic script. 邀请信是用漂亮的斜体字写的。】

179.ought：/ɔ:t/ ought to （表示做某事有必要、值得或有利）应该，应当【What sort of crimes ought the police to concentrate on? 警察应该专注于什么样的犯罪？ // You were out enjoying yourself when you ought to have been studying. 你本该学习的时候却在外面玩得很开心。】；（表示劝告或建议）应该【You really ought to quit smoking. 你真的应该戒烟。】；（表示期望某事发生）该，应该【We ought to get together some time soon. 我们不久应该聚一聚。】；（表示可能发生的或真实的事情）应该【He left two hours ago, so he ought to be there by now. 他两小时前离开了，所以现在应该到了。// They ought to win – they've trained hard enough. 他们应该赢——他们训练得够辛苦了。】

180.acute：/əˈkjuːt/ adj. 十分严重的【The housing shortage is more acute than first thought. 住房短缺比最初想象的更为严重。】；（病痛）急性的；剧烈的；（感官等）敏锐的，灵敏的；机敏的，有洞察力的【acute pain 剧烈疼痛 // acute embarrassment 极度尴尬 // acute anxiety 急性焦虑症，急性焦虑 // acute arthritis 急性关节炎 <arthritis /ɑːrˈθraɪtɪs/ 关节炎> // Young children have a particularly acute sense of smell. 幼儿的嗅觉特别敏锐。// an acute analysis of Middle Eastern politics 对中东政治的敏锐分析 // He is an acute observer of the social scene. 他是个敏锐的社会现状观察者。】