温斯顿·丘吉尔 Blood, Toil, Tears and Sweat

演讲背景：
　　1940年5月8日，由于前首相张伯伦遭到不信任质疑动议，被迫辞职。5月10日下午6时，国王召见丘吉尔，令其组阁；一小时后丘吉尔会见工党领袖艾德礼，邀请工党加入内阁并获得支持。3天后丘吉尔首次以首相身份出席下议院会议，发表了著名的讲话：“我没有别的，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水献给大家……你们问：我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来答复：胜利，不惜一切代价去争取胜利，无论多么恐怖也要争取胜利，无论道路多么遥远艰难，也要争取胜利，因为没有胜利就无法生存。”下议院最终以381票对0票的绝对优势表明了对丘吉尔政府的支持。

正文：

Mister Speaker, on Friday evening last I received His Majesty's commission to form a new Administration. It was the evident wish and will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties, both those who supported the late Government and also the parties of the Opposition. I have completed the most important part of this task. A War Cabinet has been formed of five Members, representing, with the Liberal Opposition, the unity of the nation. The three party Leaders have agreed to serve, either in the War Cabinet or in high executive office. The three Fighting Services have been filled. It was necessary that this should be done in one single day, on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events. A number of other key positions were filled yesterday, and I am submitting a further list to His Majesty tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of the principal Ministers during tomorrow. The appointment of the other Ministers usually takes a little longer, but I trust that when Parliament meets again, this part of my task will be completed, and that the administration will be complete in all respects.

议长先生，上个周五，我受到国王陛下的圣旨，受命组建新一届政府。议会和国民的意愿显而易见，这届政府的成员应来自尽可能广的范围，包括所以政党，无论是支持还是反对上届政府的。我已经完成了这项任务的最重要的部分。一个五人战时内阁已经组成，与自由反对党一同代表着国家的统一。三党领导人都同意在战时内阁或最高执行机关任职。正在浴血奋战的海陆空三军得到了充实。考虑到事件的极端紧迫性，这项工作应在一天完成。许多其它重要职务昨天也任命完了，我将在今晚将后续任命名单呈交国王陛下。我希望明天能完成主要阁员的任命。其它阁员的任命将在晚些时候完成，我相信议会下次召开时，我的这部分任务就会完成了，新政府将在各个意义上来讲组建完毕。

Sir, I considered it in the public interest to suggest that the House should be summoned to meet today. Mr. Speaker agreed, and took the necessary steps, in accordance with the powers conferred upon him by the Resolution of the House. At the end of the proceedings today, the Adjournment of the House will be proposed until Tuesday, the 21st of May, with, of course, provision for earlier meeting, if need be. The business to be considered during that week will be notified to Members at the earliest opportunity. I now invite the House, by the Resolution which stands in my name, to record its approval of the steps taken and to declare its confidence in the new Government.

各位，我认为提请议会于今天召开符合公众的利益。议长先生同意了，并且在议会决议授予他的权限内采取了必要的步骤。今天议程的最后一项，就是提议休会到周四，5月21日，当然是为了必要时尽早开会做准备。那一周要考虑的事宜将会尽早通知议员们。我现在提请议会，以我的名义通过的决议，记录批准的程序，并且宣布对新政府的信任。

Sir, to form an Administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself, but it must be remembered that we are in the preliminary stage of one of the greatest battles in history, that we are in action at many points in Norway and in Holland, that we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean, that the air battle is continuous and that many preparations have to be made here at home. In this crisis I hope I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today. I hope that any of my friends and colleagues, or former colleagues, who are affected by the political reconstruction, will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act. I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined the government: "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat."

各位，组建这个规模和这么复杂的政府本身就是个严肃的过程，但是我们必须牢记我们正处于历史上最大的战争之一的前期，我们正在挪威和荷兰的许多地方采取行动，我们必须准备在地中海采取行动，空战还在进行，我们必须准备保卫领空的战争。在这危急时刻，我希望议会能原谅我今天简洁的陈述。我希望我的同事、朋友或过去的同事，凡是受到政府重组影响的，能体谅没有过去必要的仪式。我要对议会说我曾对本届政府成员说过的一句话：“除了热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水外，我什么也没有。”

We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many long months of struggle and of suffering. You ask, what is our policy? I will say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air, with all our might and with all the strength that God can give us; to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word: victory; victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be; for without victory, there is no survival. Let that be realized; no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge and impulse of the ages, that mankind will move forward towards its goal. But I take up my task with buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. At this time I feel entitled to claim the aid of all, and I say, "Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength."

我们正面对一次最严峻的考验。我们将面对遥遥无期的战斗和磨难。你问，我们的对策是什么？我说，用上帝赋予我们的所有力量，在海上、陆地和空中发动一场战争，抗击历史上最黑暗、最卑劣和最穷凶极恶的暴政。这就是我们的对策。你问，我们的目的是什么？我的回答就一个字：取胜；不惜一切代价取胜；取胜，不顾一切危险；取胜，无论这条路多长和多难；因为不取胜，我们就死无葬身之地。我们必须认识到，（不取胜），大英帝国将荡然无存，大英帝国赖以生存的基础将灰飞烟灭，时代的推进力将丧失，我们必须认识到，人类将向着他的目标前进。我将淡定地充满希望地完成我的使命。我坚信我们的事业一定胜利。此刻，受命号召全体国民的支持，我要说：“那么，来吧，让我们拧成一股绳，前进！”

Winston Churchill - May 13, 1940