特蕾莎·梅 | 2018年联合国演讲

Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen

尊敬的各位阁下，女士们先生们：

On behalf of the United kingdom, let me begin by paying tribute to an outstanding leader of this United Nations who sadly passed away this summer. Kofi Annan was one of the great Secretaries General, a tireless campaigner of peace and progress and a champion of human rights and human dignity whose influence will continue to be felt around the world for years to come.

我谨代表联合王国，首先，我要向一位杰出的联合国领袖致以崇高的敬意，今年夏天，他不幸离世。科菲·安南先生，最伟大的联合国秘书长之一，他是孜孜不倦的活动家，倡导和平与进步，他也是人权和人类尊严的捍卫者，在未来的几年内，他所带来的深刻影响，将继续在全世界各地显现。

In the last century, we have seen those on the extreme right and extreme left exploit people’s fears, stoke intolerance and racism close down economies and societies and destroy the peace of nations. And today once more, we see worrying trends in the rise of these movements in Europe and beyond.

上个世纪，我们看到极右和极左思潮兴起，他们利用恐惧，煽动社会偏见和种族主义，摧毁经济社会发展，并破坏国家和平。而如今又重蹈覆辙，我们看到，极左极右运动在欧洲及其他地区再次兴起，这一趋势着实令人担忧。

We have seen what happens when countries slide into authoritarianism slowly crushing the basic freedoms and rights of their citizens. We have seen what happens when corrupt oligarchies rob their nations of the wealth, resources and human capital that are so vital to unlocking a brighter future for their citizens. We have seen what happens when the natural patriotism which is a cornerstone of a healthy society is warped into aggressive nationalism exploiting fear and uncertainly to promote identity politics at home and belligerent confrontation abroad while breaking rules and undermining institutions.

我们看到，当各国陷入专制主义，公民的基本自由和权利慢慢遭到破坏会造成怎样的后果。我们也看到，当贪污腐败的寡头集团，剥夺国家财富、资源和人力资本后，会造成怎样的后果，这些对于为人民开启更光明的未来至关重要。我们还看到，当作为健康社会基石的自然爱国主义被歪曲为侵略性民族主义，并利用恐惧和不确定性，在国内兜售身份政治，在国外制造矛盾冲突，同时打破规则和破坏制度，会造成怎样的后果。

And we see this when states like Russia flagrantly breach international norms from the seizing of sovereign territory to the reckless use of chemical weapons on the streets of Britain by agents of the Russian GRU.

我们还看到像俄罗斯这样的国家，耀武扬威地公然违反国际准则，从占领他国主权领土到派遣俄罗斯军事情报总局特工，来到英国境内肆无忌惮地用神经毒剂开展毒杀行动。

We have to show there is a better way to meet the concerns of our people. That way lies in global cooperation between strong between strong and accountable states based on open economies and inclusive societies. That ensures strong nation states provide the bonds that bring citizens together and ensures power remains accountable to those it is there to serve.

为打消人们的忧虑，我们必须向他们展示，还有一种更好的方式。这种方式就是，让强大和负责人的国家展开全球合作。这种合作，要基于开放的经济和包容性的社会原则。这样才能确保强大的国家提供纽带，将全体公民团结在一起，并确保政府权力对其服务对象负责。

That celebrates free markets and has the confidence to reform them when they need to work better. And that demonstrates that delivering for your citizens at home does not have to be at the expense of global cooperation and the values, rules and ideals that underpin this. Indeed cooperation and competition are not mutually exclusive. Only global cooperation based on a set of agreed rules can ensure competition is fair and does not succumb to protectionism with its certain path to lost jobs and international co0nfrontation. And it is only global cooperation which can harness legitimate self-interest towards common goals, producing agreements on global challenges such as climate change, proliferation and increasing inclusive economic growth.

这样才能真正拥抱自由市场，在需要自由市场发挥更大作用时，也有信心对自由市场进行改革。同时也表明，为本国公民提供服务，并不一定要以牺牲全球合作以及作为基石的价值观、规则和理想为代价。事实上，合作和竞争二者并不是互相排斥的。只有基于一些列协商一致的规则而展开的全球合作，才能确保竞争的公平性，也不会屈从于贸易保护主义，而保护主义必将造成工作岗位流失和国际对抗。也只有全球合作才能利用合法的自身利益以实现共同目标，并在各项全球挑战问题上达成协议，比如，气候变化、核扩散以及促进包容性经济增长等问题。

We see this cooperation here today at this UN as we also saw it at the Commonwealth Head of Government meeting earlier this year. And here today-as Chair-in-Office of the Commonwealth, I deliver a clear statement on behalf of the Heads of Government of its fifty-three equal and independent member states. We reaffirm our shared commitment to work together within a rules based international system to address shared global challenges and faster a fairer, more secure more sustainable and more prosperous future.

今天，我们在联合国大会上见到了这样的全球合作，今年早些时候我们也在英联邦大会上见到了这样的全球合作。今日在此，作为英联邦的在职主席，我谨代表53个彼此独立且自由平等的英联邦成员国以及各成员国政府领袖，在此发表明确声明。我们要重申我们的共同承诺，即在一个基于规则制度的国际体系内，携手努力，共同应对全球挑战，促进形成一个更公平、更安全，更可持续和更繁荣的未来。

This commitment takes account of the special requirements of least developed countries and of small and otherwise vulnerable economies and it benefits all our citizens and the wider world. But it is not enough for us merely to make the case for cooperation. We need action, at home and in the community of nations to show how our ideas and values can deliver practical benefits for all our people in all parts of the world.

我们的这一承诺，不仅考虑到发展程度最低度的国家，也考虑到弱小经济体的特殊需求，同时，更惠及我们所有公民和整个世界。然而，仅仅口头提出要求国际合作是远远不够的。我们需要切实行动，不仅在英国国内而包括整个国际社会，以展示我们的理念思想和价值观是如何为全世界各地所有人民带来实际利益的。

We must recognise the legitimacy of people’s concerns and cat to build a global economy that works for everyone. We must invest in the patient work of building open societies in which everyone has a stake in the future. And we must act to uphold the international rules based system and stand up for our values by protecting those who may suffer when it is violated.

我们必须认识到人们这些担心忧虑的合理性，并采取行动建立一个让所有人都能受益的全球经济，在建设开放型社会的过程中，我们必须有足够的耐心。因为在未来，开放型社会关乎到每个人的切身利益。我们也必须采取行动，切实维护基于规则的国际体系，并坚决捍卫我们的价值观，在这样的国际体系遭到破坏时，保护那些可能受到伤害的人。

There is no one right way to do this. Every country must choose its own path. But the basic tenets are common across the world. They include a government that is transparent and accountable. An independent judiciary enforce the rule of law. Free and fair elections and a free and open media. The freedom of expression a right to redress and property rights that are reliably enforced. And equality, freedom of thought, opinion, religion and conscience, all found in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, signed 70 years ago.

要做到这些，并没有所谓唯一正确的方法。每个国家都必须选择适合自己的道路。但也有一些全世界通用的基本原则。其中包括透明和负责人的政府。独立的司法机构，执行依法治国。自由公正的选举，自由开放的媒体、确保言论自由以及获得补偿的权利和可靠执行的财产权。人人平等且有权享有主张、发表意见、宗教与道德自由，以上所有这些都可见于70年前联合国签署的《世界人权宣言》。

Those of us who believe in these tenets must set an example in defending and strengthening them at home and abroad. That is why we must call out hate speech, anti-Semitism, Islamophobia and all forms of prejudice and discrimination against minorities wherever we find it.

我们所有信奉这些原则的人都必须为捍卫和加强这些原则，在国内外树立榜样。这就是为何我们必须坚决抵制、仇恨言论、反犹主义、伊斯兰恐惧症，以及在任何地方对少数群体一切形式的偏见和歧视。

Like many leaders, I suspect. I do not always enjoy reading what the media in my country writes about me. But I will defend their right to say it for the independence of our media is one of my country’s greatest achievements. And it is the bedrock of our democracy.

而我，估计和许多领导人一样吧。看到本国媒体对自己的报道，并不是每次都心情愉悦的。可我也坚决捍卫媒体表达观点权利，因为媒体的独立性正是我国最伟大的成就之一。这就是我国民主的基石。

So too will defend objectivity and impartiality in the face of those who treat truth as just another opinion to be manipulated. And just as we must stand up for the values that we adhere to so we must support countries and leaders who choose to take the often difficult steps towards a more inclusive society. The United Kingdom will use all the levers at our disposal to do so.

同样地，我将坚决捍卫客观性和公正性，尤其是面对某些人，他们将真相视作可被操控的言论。正如我们必须坚决捍卫我们坚持的价值观那样，因此我们必须支持帮助某些国家和领导人，他们可能在建立更具包容性的社会的过程中，遇到困难与瓶颈。我们将采取并动用一切可行手段，来确保做到这些。

So, we must have the confidence to act. When the Syrian Regime used chemical weapons on its people again in April it was Britain together with France and America who took military action to degrade Syrian regime’s chemical weapons capability and deter their use. And when earlier this year Russia used a toxic nerve agent in a sickening attack on the streets of Salisbury, the UK with our NATO,EU and other allies took action expelling over 150 Russia intelligence officers: the largest collective expulsion ever.

因此我们必须有信心采取各项行动。今年4月，叙利亚政权再次向人民使用化学武器，我们英国与法国美国一起采取军事行动，旨在打击叙利亚政府化学武器的研发能力并阻止其继续使用化武。还有今年早些时候，俄罗斯政府在英国索尔兹伯里街头使用神经毒剂，实施了令人作呕的毒杀行动，英国与北约、欧盟和其它盟国一起采取行动共同去捉了150多名俄罗斯情报人员，这是有史以来最大规模的集体驱逐。

In Burma following the damning report of the United Nations fact-finding mission, we should show the same confidence to hold accountable those responsible for the appalling atrocities repeatedly inflicted by the Burmese military on the Rohingya, Shan and Kachin peoples since 2011. similarly we should gather evidence of Daesh’s crimes worldwide, so ensuring justice for their victimse and deterring those who might conduct such crimes in the future. But accountability alone is not enough. We must do more collective to prevent such atrocities in the first place and address the causes of instability that can give rise to them.

在联合国实况调查团发表报告，予以强烈谴责之后，我们也应该在罗兴亚难民问题上展现出同样的信心，追究缅甸军队自2011年以来对罗兴亚人、掸族人和克钦族人多次实施暴行的罪责，同样，我们应该收集伊斯兰国在全世界犯下恐袭罪行的证据，从而确保受害者得到公正对待，并提前阻止将来可能实施此类犯罪的恐怖分子。然而，仅仅问责是绝对不够的。我们必须公共努力做出更多，首先要杜绝这些暴力行径，其次要解决造成社会不稳定的根源，这才是导致这些暴行的原因。

70 years ago the General Assembly agreed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Today we must renew the ideals and values on which that Declaration was founded. In doing so, we must learn the lessons of the past and show through our actions how cooperation between strong and accountable states with open economies and inclusive societies can best deliver security and prosperity for all our people.

70年前，联合国大会通过了《世界人权宣言》。如今我们必须更新《人权宣言》所依据的理念和价值观。在这一过程中，我们必须吸取过去的教训，并通过我们的行动表明，只有强大和负责人的国家之间展开合作，同时保持经济开放和社会包容，这样才能最好地为我们所有人带来安全和繁荣。

As Kofi Annan said at the start of his second term as Secretary General: ‘I have sought to turn an unflinching eye to the failures of our recent past in order to assess more clearly what will take for us to succeed in the future.’ In that spirit let us show unflinching resolve to renew the promise of freedom, opportunity and fairness. A promise which has delivered for more people, in more places than at any other period in our history. And let us ensure that promise can be fulfilled, for our children and grandchildren and for every generation to come. Thank you.

正如科菲·安南在秘书长第二任期开始时所说的那样：“我一直坚定不移地关注着我们近来的失败，这样才嫩恶搞更清楚地评估我们未来的成功需要些什么。”秉持这种精神，让我们也展现出这种坚定不移的决心，重申我们对自由、机会和公平的承诺。我们的这一承诺，将超越历史上任何其他阶段，为更多地区的更多人带来回报。让我们确保这一承诺能够最终实现，为了我们自己的子孙后代，也为了未来的每一代人。谢谢大家。